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Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Hydroxide from Cockle Shell Waste via Sol-Gel Method: Effect of HCl Concentration ZAINATUL SAKINAH Ramli1,a, NORLIYANA Mohd Salleh2,b, TUTI KATRINA Abdullah1,c, SUHAINA Ismail1,d and SYAZANA Ahmad Zubir1,e* 1School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia 2Centre for Herbal Standardization, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Malaysia azainatulsakinah@gmail.com, bnliyana1308@gmail.com, ctutikatrina@usm.my, dsuhaina@usm.my, e*syazanazubir@usm.my Keywords: Calcium carbonate; Calcium hydroxide, Sol-gel method Abstract.
Sri, Synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles from egg shells by sol-gel method, Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 345(1) (2018) p. 012040
Ebrahimi, Biopolymer-assisted green synthesis and characterization of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles, Ceramics International, 42(3) (2016) pp.3816-3819
Sharifa Bee, Facile Synthesis of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles from Cockle Shells, Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012) Article ID 534010, 5 pages
Njau, Cockle (Anadara granosa) shells-based hydroxyapatite and its potential for defluoridation of drinking water, Results in Engineering, 13 (2022), 100379 [23] K.M.

Acknowledgements This research was fully supported by Fundamental Research Grant Scheme from Ministry of Higher Education, Faculty of Applied Sciences, and Nano-ElecTronic Centre (NET) from Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Our highest appreciation goes to Microwave Technology Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA for their assistance in sample preparation for this study.
Tang, et al., "The Effects of Nanofillers, Stretching and Recrystallization on Microstructure, Phase Transformation, and Dielectric Properties in PVDF Nanocomposites," European Polymer Journal, vol. 48 pp. 1062-1072
Zak, et al., "Experimental and theoretical dielectric studies of PVDF/PZT nanocomposite thin films," Ceramics International, vol. 37, pp. 1653-1660, 2011
Rozana, et al., "Effect of various annealing temperature on the morphological and dielectric properties of Polyvinylidenefluoride-Trifluoroethylene thin film," in Humanities, Science and Engineering Research (SHUSER), 2012 IEEE Symposium on, 2012, pp. 749-753

The Influence of Stainless Steel Mesh Porous Burner on Drying Kinetics of Nile Tilapia Pathiwat Waramit1,a, Apinunt Namkhat1,b and Umphisak Teeboonma1,c* 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Ubon Ratchathani University, Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand apathiwat.wa@rmuti.ac.th, bapinunt.n@ubu.ac.th, cumphisak@hotmail.com* Keywords: Drying, Drying kinetics, Porous burner Abstract.
Teeboonma, The Study on Drying Kinetics of Nile Tilapia Drying using Hot Air Flowing Through Porous Media, The 1st Maejo-Engineo International Conference on Renewable Energy, School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University. (2017) 175-180
Teeboonma, Drying Kinetics and Tilapia Nilotica Diffusion coefficiency, Journal of Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, 3th year vol. 2 July to December 2010, pp 9 – 16
Viskanta, A study of the structure of submerged reaction zone in porous ceramic radiant burners, Combust.
Jakjai, Non-premixed porous burners for gaseous fuels, 22nd Conference of the Mechanical Engineering Network of Thailand, Prathum Thani, Thailand, 2009

Praserthdam, Ceramics International 34 (2008) 57-62. ].
Jimbo, Materials Science and Engineering B 127 (2006) 150-153.  ] spray pyrolysis [[14] U.
Aslan, Thin Solid Films 515 (2007) 3448–3451. ], hydrothermal [[15] Jiaqiang Xu, Yuan Zhang, Yuping Chen, Qun Xiang, Qingyi Pan, Liyi Shi, Materials Science and Engineering B 150 (2008) 55–60. ] and sol-gel [[16] M.
Zhi Lu et.al., Journal of Crystal Growth, 310 (2008) 1819-1822. ,[20] M.H.
We would also like to acknowledge Microwave Technology Centre (MTC), Faculty of Electrical Engineering (UiTM) for the usage of scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Introduction The sophisticated processing technology called Rapid Prototyping is mainly applied in all sectors of mechanical engineering.
Novakova-Marcincinova, Description of Materials Used in Fused Deposition Modeling Technology, Manufacturing Engineering and Technology 2 (2011) 7-10
Kuric, Basic and Advanced Materials for Fused Deposition Modeling Rapid Prototyping Technology, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering 11/1 (2012) 24-27
Novak-Marcincin, Testing of Materials for Rapid Prototyping Fused Deposition Modelling Technology, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 70 (2012) 411-414
Panda et al., Analytical expression of T-vc dependence in standard ISO 3685 for cutting ceramic, Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (2011) 317-322

Study on Fault Detection and Diagnosis of the Edge-Transmission Ball Mill System Gao-Ping Wang1, a , Yong Hong 1, b, Dong-Pyo Hong2, c , Sung-Mo Yang 1, d and Young-Moon Kim 3, e 1 Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonjusi Jeonbuk 561-756 South Korea 2 Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering, The Research Center of Industrial Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonjusi Jeonbuk 561-756 South Korea. 3 Department of Arcitectural Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonjusi Jeonbuk 561-756 South Korea.
Introduction Ball mill systems are widely used in almost all building material industries, i.e. concrete, ceramic, silicate products, fireproof materials and mill run industries, etc., which play an important role in the national economy.
Acknowledgements This study is achieved as part of subject "Structure Weight-Lifting Monitoring System Development that Using Smart Material" by Ministry of Science & Technology Management International Joint Research Project and supported by NRL(National Research Laboratory) Program of MOST(Ministry of Science and Technology), MOCIE(Ministry of Commerce Industry and Energy) and also ITEP(Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Evaluation and Planning), Republic of Korea.
Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2002, 113: p491-493, Nanjing, China [2] Z.

Kareem, Chemical composition and physical characteristics of rice husk ash blended cement, International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 32(2017) 25-35
Abidi, Effects of various amounts of natural pozzolans from volcanic scoria on performance of portland cement mortars, International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, 32(2017) 36-52.
Martinez-Ramirez, Ceramic wastes as alternative raw materials for Portland cement clinker production, Cement & Concrete Composites, 30(2008) 798–805
Robertson, Stabilisation of tailings deposits, International experience in proceedings of mining and the environment III, Canada, 2003, pp. 25–28
Illikainen, Recycling mine tailings in chemically bonded ceramics - A review, Journal of Cleaner Production, 174(2018) 634-649

Friction Resistance between Valve Made of Tial Alloy And its Guide Made of Phosphor Bronze Adam Rylski1,a, Krzysztof Siczek*2,b 1Technical University of Lodz, Institute of Materials Engineering, Stefanowskiego Str. 1/15, 90-924 Lodz, Poland, tel. +48 42 6312268, fax: +48 42 6312252 2Technical University of Lodz, Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design, Zeromskiego Str. 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland, tel.: +48 42 6312250, fax: +48 42 6312252 ae-mail: adam.rylski@p.lodz.pl, be-mail: ks670907@p.lodz.pl Keywords: Lightweight valve, Tribotester, Friction force, TiAl alloy, Phosphor bronze Abstract.
To ensure hard cup for valve stem it is used currently three methods: hardened steel cap, cap with ceramic coating, thin film coating by PVD technology [5].
Eryilmaz, Friction and Wear Properties of Materials used in Hydrogen Service, Materials Innovations in an Emerging Hydrogen Economy, The American Ceramic Society and ASM International, Cocoa Beach, FL, Feb 26, 2008, available at: http://ceramics.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/delivery_erck2.pdf [8] K.
Siczek, The Researches on the Friction Properties of nc-WC/a-C Coating on the Lightweight Valve Stem, Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 19, No 2, pp. 493-500

Experimental study on the Ammonium Ion-Exchange Material and its removal of ammonia nitrogen from water LIU Qiongqiong1,a, TAN Xin*2,b, ZHAO Lin3,c 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，P.R.China. 2School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，P.R.China. 3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，P.R.China.
With the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and increasing demand on water pollution control, how to effectively remove ammonium and nitrogen in sewage has become one of the key study points in domestic and international water pollution control field.
American Journal of Epidemiology, 1994, 139(5)：466-473
American Ceramic Society Bulletin, 1999, 78(1): 57-59

The method was tested in case of some applications in chemistry and chemical engineering [8-12].
Support vector regression applied to materials optimization of sialon ceramics[J].
Journal of Molecular Structure-Theochem, 2005, 719(1-3): 119-127
International Conference on the Applications of Nuclear Techniques.
Resin and Plastic of Chemical Engineering Encyclopedia Professional Volumes, Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 2003.