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Research on piezoelectric actuator driving method of creep resistance FAN Wei 1, a, YU Xiaofen 2,b and LI Debao 3,c 1,2,3 School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronic Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei Anhui, China 230009 a fwking7758@yahoo.com.cn, byuxiao@mail.hf.ah.cn Keywords: piezoelectric actuator; creep characteristics; driving method; creep resistance Abstract ： The piezoelectric actuator demonstrates superior characteristics of high displacement resolution, miniature size, high-frequency response, strong power, no generate heat etc, So it is used in nano systems widely.
Lots of materials have this characteristics, the piezoelectric actuator just is one of them.
The influence on displacement precision increases stage by stage, along with the aging of the materials.
Acknowledgments The project (NO.50420120134) of International Cooperation is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) References [1] SUN Tao，TAN Jiu-bin, DONG Shen:Study of key Technique on Ultra-precision Positioning with PZT,Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics,Vol.21 No.6(1999) [2] Yung-Tien Liu, Rong-Fong Fung, Tai-Kun Huang:Dynamic responses of a precision positioning table impacted by a soft-mounted piezoelectric actuator, Precision Engineering 28 (2004), p.252 [3]DENG Hui, YU Xiao-fen etc:The improvement of the hysteresis character of the tungsten bronze ceramic piezoelectric actuators, Journal of instruments and meters,supplement vol24 (2002) [4]SUN Bao-yu, LIU Ju etc:Ultra precision micro-displacement mechanism based on piezoelectric actuator, Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, Vol.36No.4(2004) [5]Chang.S-H,Tseng.C-K,ChienH-C:Anultra-precisionXYΘZPiezo-micropositioner-Part I: design and analysis, IEEE Trans Ultrasonic Ferroelectrics

Materials and methods Materials The landfill leachate was collected from Dalian Maoyingzi Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, which contained high levels of COD (38400 mg/L) and SS (650 mg/L).
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 3(1): 207--226
Water Science and Technology, 40(3): 67--73
Water Science and Technology, 32(3): 129--135
Journal of Environmental Quality, 8(2): 149--152

As Mr.Feng Jicai said, the ancient village is the largest heritage of the Chinese nation, and is a cultural container, non-material cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage complex. [1] Tourism value.
Protection of traditional villages and ancient houses is different from the protection of cultural relics protection units at all levels, traditional villages and ancient houses are both material and non-material carrier, and also an objective reality carrier, which are a contradiction.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Development of Social Science Researching Project of Hebei Province in 2012, Task ID:201203072.
References [1] Guangya Zhu,Zi Huang: Architectural journal.Vol.4 (1999), p.56 [2] Xiaowen You,Baolei Wen,Keke Bian: Planners.Vol.23 (2007), p.34 [3] Baolian Bian,Changzhi: CaoCity Development Research.Vol.11 (2009), p.133 [4] Kai Tian: Sichuan Building Science.Vol.6 (2007), p.171 [5] Y.
Mishing, in: Journal of Shijiazhuang Vocational Technology Institute.Vol.4(2009), p.23.

Experimental Raw Materials.
Li: Advanced Materials Research Vols. 418-420 (2012), p441-444
Li: Advanced Materials Research Vols. 418-420 (2012), p473-476
EI-Kourd: ACI Materials Journal Vol. 86 No. 4 (1989), p.417-424
Sun: Advanced Materials Research Vols.201-203 (2011), p2883-2886

Experimental Section Materials.
The material was purchased from Aladdin.
Schwartz, Ethnic variation in the prevalence of a common NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase polymorphism and its implications for anti-cancer chemotherapy, British journal of cancer 76(1997) 852
Sorption and desorption behavior, Environmental science & technology 34(2000) 3632-3640
Xing, Structural and sorption characteristics of adsorbed humic acid on clay minerals, Journal of Environmental Quality 34(2005) 342-349

Methods and Materials For experimental studying of morphology of multicomponent systems the method of Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used.
Band Gap Fluorescence from Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Science, 297 (2002) 593-596
Marom, The role of surfactants in dispersion of carbon nanotubes, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 128-130 (2006) 37
Us’yarov, Effective Self_Diffusion Coefficients of Ions in Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellar Solutions, Colloid Journal, 73 (2011) 59-64
Shah, Effect of counterions on surface and foaming properties of dodecyl sulfate, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 267 (2003) 160–166

Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the science and technology research projects of Heilongjiang provincial department foundation (2152Z006).
Journal of Petroleum.
Journal of Palaeogeography.Vol.3(2001), p.71, In Chinese
Earth Science Frontiers.
Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences.

What's more, when some scenic spot need resources, they make materials from nearest area , cut down trees, and mine mountain soil, which will caused water and soil loss easily.
Individual villagers has disadvantage over tourism enterprises in human, financial, and material.
Farmers economy and science and technology, 2006, 38 (8) : 10-11, 23
Journal of xian institute of science and technology, 2003,(4) : 408-410
Science and technology of hubei sports. 2010, (11) : 21-22 [13] CuiFengJun.

Low Temperature Co-fired ZnNb2O6 Dielectric Ceramic Doped by B2O3 Jian Yanga, Jikang Yanb, Jinghong Duc, Fangchun Yand, Kunyong Kange, Jianhong Yif and Guoyou Gang* Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650093 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Precious-Nonferrous Metals, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650093 China Kunming Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Precious-Nonferrous Metals ayj_ccsvc@126.com, b307688386@qq.com, ccldjh@sina.com, dyanfangcun@126.com, e15368050138@163.com, fyijianhong@kmust.edu.cn, gganguoyou@kmust.edu.cn Keywords: ZnNb2O6, B2O3, Microwave dielectric ceramic, LTCC, Doping.
Furthermore, B2O3 doping can generate liquid phase and reduce the activation energy of diffusion to promote the materials sintering.
The dielectric loss of the microwave dielectric materials at microwave frequency includes intrinsic and extrinsic loss.
The authors would like to acknowledge Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Yunnan Province and Key Laboratory of Advance Materials of Precious-Nonferrous Metals, Education Ministry of China for providing the facilities required for the present investigation.
Jantunen, Low loss dielectric materials for LTCC applications: a review, Int Mater Rev. 53 (2008) 57-90

The properties of material were related to the surface.
Research showed that the surface of materials had statistical self-similarity within a certain scope according to the fractal theory [5,6].
The research work is supported by Nature Science Foundation of Anhui Province Education Department (Grant Number:KJ2008A144).
References [1] G.Wu, B.S.Chen: Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, Vol. 24 (2003) No.3, pp. 84-87 (In Chinese)
Liu: Journal of East China University of Science Technology, Vol. 26 (2000 ) No.6, pp. 188-190 (In Chinese).