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Several commercial Al-Li alloys have been successfully squeeze cast, i.e. alloy 1420.
As a representative product of Al-Li-Mg system, 1420 alloy has been employed in the construction of the welded supersonic aircraft with a nominal composition Al-5Mg-2Li-0.1Zr [5].
Table 1 Chemical composition of Al-Li-Mg-Zr alloy in present work (wt%) Elements Li Mg Zr Si Fe Cu Al Content 2.13 5.25 0.11 0.025 0.08 0.005 Bal.
The SAED pattern presents the main phases including α-Al and δ' (Al3Li) (Fig. 1d).
Abou El-khair: Mater Lett Vol. 59 (2005), p. 894 [5] A.

The addition of Ca remarkably improved the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the yield strength (YS), while dramatically reduced the elongation (El).
Recently, the properties of DSed Mg-xZn alloys were studied by Jia et al. [10, 11], and the results indicate that the mechanical and corrosion properties of alloys with the columnar structure could satisfy the requirements of implant materials.
At the same time the El droped sharply.
Alloy YS[MPa] UTS [MPa] El[%] Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca 31.4 140.3 12.5 Mg-3Zn-0.5Ca 55.2 147.5 5.0 Mg-3Zn-0.8Ca 80.5 157.5 3.6 500μm 500μm 500μm Fig. 4 Fracture morphology of DSed alloys (a)Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca, (b)Mg-3Zn-0.5Ca, (c) Mg-3Zn-0.8Ca.
Thus, the El decreases with the increase of Ca.

Huibo et al. have proposed a multiple Fano resonance device with high-quality factor Q (maximal Q-factor is about 317) based on an S-shaped plasmonic waveguides.
El Boudouti, A.
El-Aouni, Y.
El Kadmiri, Z.Tahri, D.
El Boudouti, J.

Papanicolaou et al [3] compared the bearing and deformation capacity of masonry walls under cyclic loading, which were reinforced by Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP), GFRP and BFRP laminates respectively.
Zhang et al [4] studied the force and deformation characteristics of masonry walls strengthened with various reinforcement schemes using CFRP laminates through quasi-static test.
Gu et al [5] analyzed the shear strength of masonry walls with door or window openings strengthened with CFRP and proposed the corresponding computational model based on tie bar mechanism.
EL Centro record, Wenchuan record and artificial record were input in turn in each level.
Earthquake record Peak acceleration/g Loading level Remark 1 White noise 0.05 2 3 4 EL Centro Wenchuan Wolong Artificial 0.1 1 5 White noise 0.05 6 7 8 EL Centro Wenchuan Wolong Artificial 0.15 2 Frequent earthquake of intensity 7 9 White noise 0.05 18 19 20 EL Centro Wenchuan Wolong Artificial 0.40 5 Design earthquake of intensity 7 21 White noise 0.05 38 39 40 EL Centro Wenchuan Wolong Artificial 0.90 10 Rare earthquake of intensity 7 41 White noise 0.05 54 55 56 EL Centro Wenchuan Wolong Artificial 1.30 14 57 White noise 0.05 Results of shaking table test Damage pattern.

Sadek et al. [12] (2016), conducted research related to reusing granite powder in self compacting concrete.
Bakhoum et al. [14] (2017), conducted research related to the addition of granite powder nanoparticles in cementitious mortars.
More specifically, the raw materials used in this study were described as follows: 2.1.Portlandcement The cement used in this study was ordinary Portland cement (CEMI42.5N) from El-Ramlia Factory- El Ain El Sokna-Suez.
El-Didamony, M.S. 
El-Attar; H.

Most of Ni-base superalloys with Al and Ti are strengthened by Ni3(Al,Ti) type γ' phase precipitation.
In addition of Nb to these Ni-base alloys, γ''-Ni3(Nb, Ti, Al) can form for achieving higher strengths, such as INCONEL 718 alloy containing with about 5%Nb, 1%Ti and 0.5%Al.
I�CO�EL 718 Type �i-Base Alloys Conventional 718 alloy (Ni-19Cr-18Fe-3Mo-5Nb-1Ti-0.5Al) characterizes with large portion of disc-like γ" and supplementary γ' precipitation.
I�CO�EL 740 and Its Modification INCONEL740 （ Ni-25Cr-20Co-0.5Mo-0.9Al-1.8Ti-2.0Nb ） is the boiler superheater and reheater tube material for USC power plant of European THERMEC AD700 Project with the steam parameters of 35MPa and 700 .
Dong, et.al: An Investigation of Structure Stability and Its Improvement on New Developed Ni-Cr-Co-Mo-Nb-Ti-Al Superalloy, Mater.

The binary Al–3.5P master alloy was supported by Shandong Al&Mg Melt Technology Co.
The structural properties of YP were first reported by Amrani and El Haj Hassan [23].
Al–3Si–6Y–2P Al–15Si–6Y–2P Al–40Si–6Y–2P Fig. 4 XRD patterns for the Al–Si–Y–P systems.
Liu, Refinement of hypereutectic Al–Si alloy by a new Al–Zr–P master alloy, J.
El Haj Hassan, Theoretical study of Ⅲ–V yttrium compounds, Comput.

[8]Sharif, A., Al-Sulimani, G.
J Compos Construct; 8 (3):203–10, (2004) [15] El-Hacha R. and Rizkalla S.H.
El-Refaie, S.W.
In Infrastruct., University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz., 603-617, (1998) [27] El-Mihilmy, M.
H., and Al-Sallom Y.

Ultrasonic-Assisted Milling of Hard-to-Cut Materials: Development and a Framework for Further Investigations Yasmine El-Taybany1,a, Mohab Hossam1,2,b, and Hassan El-Hofy1,c 1 Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems Management, School of Innovative Design Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, P.O.
Jian Hua et al. [12] compared the effect of superimposing ultrasonic vibration during micro end grinding (UAMEG) and conventional micro end grinding of silica glass.
Cong et al. [16] applied UAM for drilling Carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites and reported higher cutting temperatures at higher ultrasonic power and feed rate.
Ding et al. [6] reported that, in comparison to CM, the application of UAM during face milling of SiC leads to a significant reduction of grinding forces.
In a further work, Cong et al. [20] used cutting fluid and cold air for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic using metal-bonded diamond core drills.

Al-Othman, P.
Al-Othman, Y.
Al-Othman, P.
El Sayed, M.
El-Sakhawy, M.A.