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Online since: February 2011
Authors: Hong Bo Dong, Wei Zhang
Table.1 Results of finite element analysis
Design scheme
Materials
Mass
m / kg
Maximum displacement
d / mm
Maximum equivalent stress
σ / MPa
The first-order frequency
f / Hz
Original structure
steel
4.5
5.2
274
489
Topology optimization
steel
4.4
5.4
212
1 138
magnesium
1.0
25.4
209
1 103
Size Optimization
magnesium
1.8
9.7
131
1 302
The results of each analysis are summarized in Table 1.
Conclusion Original steel materials are replaced by magnesium alloy, and the weight of main frame of electric scooter is only 1.8 kg and reduces by 60%, which achieves a substantial decrease.
While replacing material, the main frame has been redesigned by using finite element analysis.
Acknowledgment This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50964012).
References [1] Yunkai GAO, Dekan MENG and Xi JIANG: China Mechanical Engineering, Vol.17(2006), p.2522 (In Chinese) [2] F.Navarrina, I.Muinos, I.Colominas and M.Casteleiro: Advances in Engineering Software, Vol. 36(2005), p.599 [3] S.L.Lee, D.C.Lee, J.I.Lee, C.S.Han and K.Hedrick: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 43(2007), p620 [4] B.Torstenfelt and A.Klarbring: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 43(2007), p.1050 [5] Qichi LE, Xinjian ZHANG and Jianzhong CUI: Materials Review, Vol. 16(2002), p.12 (In Chinese) [6] A.Tharumarajah and P.Koltun: Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 15(2007), p.1007 [7] Shu WANG, Chunsheng SHI, Naiqin ZHAO and Zhongxia XIANG: Materials Review, Vol. 20(2006), p.87 (In Chinese) [8] Yuanfang FU, Dafeng JIN and Weiwei QIAO: Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 45(2009), p.210 (In Chinese) [9] Weihong ZHANG, Jungang YANG and Jihong ZHU: Acta Aeronautica Et Astronautica Sinica, Vol. 30(2009), p.2335 (In Chinese)
Conclusion Original steel materials are replaced by magnesium alloy, and the weight of main frame of electric scooter is only 1.8 kg and reduces by 60%, which achieves a substantial decrease.
While replacing material, the main frame has been redesigned by using finite element analysis.
Acknowledgment This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50964012).
References [1] Yunkai GAO, Dekan MENG and Xi JIANG: China Mechanical Engineering, Vol.17(2006), p.2522 (In Chinese) [2] F.Navarrina, I.Muinos, I.Colominas and M.Casteleiro: Advances in Engineering Software, Vol. 36(2005), p.599 [3] S.L.Lee, D.C.Lee, J.I.Lee, C.S.Han and K.Hedrick: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 43(2007), p620 [4] B.Torstenfelt and A.Klarbring: Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, Vol. 43(2007), p.1050 [5] Qichi LE, Xinjian ZHANG and Jianzhong CUI: Materials Review, Vol. 16(2002), p.12 (In Chinese) [6] A.Tharumarajah and P.Koltun: Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 15(2007), p.1007 [7] Shu WANG, Chunsheng SHI, Naiqin ZHAO and Zhongxia XIANG: Materials Review, Vol. 20(2006), p.87 (In Chinese) [8] Yuanfang FU, Dafeng JIN and Weiwei QIAO: Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 45(2009), p.210 (In Chinese) [9] Weihong ZHANG, Jungang YANG and Jihong ZHU: Acta Aeronautica Et Astronautica Sinica, Vol. 30(2009), p.2335 (In Chinese)
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Xiao Huan Wang, Bao Dong Wang, Yong Feng Xiao, Xiao Ting Liu, Li Jun Zhao, Geng Zhi Yu, Qi Sun
Experimental
Materials.
Chen, Feasibility of fly ash-based composite coagulant for coal washing wastewater treatment, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 203–204 (2012) 221–228
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 1985, 16: 707-713
Non-hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous materials using sodium silicate from coal fly ash [J].
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2007, 101: 344-351
Chen, Feasibility of fly ash-based composite coagulant for coal washing wastewater treatment, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 203–204 (2012) 221–228
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 1985, 16: 707-713
Non-hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous materials using sodium silicate from coal fly ash [J].
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2007, 101: 344-351
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Yong Zhong Ma
Air and glitter meshing
2.4 Material Model and State Equation
Explosive process involves flash agent, air and explosive materials, which need to be modeled separately.
2.4.1 Glitter
*MAT_HIGH_EXPLOSIVE_BURN material model was used for flash agent and *EOS_JWL was used for equation of state.
Energetic materials,2006(02):118-122
Valcartier: Directorate of Science and Technology Policy, 2004
Journal of Projectiles, Arrows and Guidance JU Pinghua,2016,36(03):40-42
Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering,2019,40(04):159-162
Energetic materials,2006(02):118-122
Valcartier: Directorate of Science and Technology Policy, 2004
Journal of Projectiles, Arrows and Guidance JU Pinghua,2016,36(03):40-42
Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering,2019,40(04):159-162
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Xiao Ping Zhou, Xin Bin Hu, Yi Sheng Xu
Materials and Methods
Specimen Preparation.
The Ni60 bond coatings were deposited on the substrate materials, then Mo2FeB2 Cermet Coatings were deposited as the top coating.
Vol. 18(2008), p.36-39 [2] Nowacki J: Journal of Materials Processing Technology.
Vol. 175(1/3) (2006), p.316 [3] Tao Zhang, Zhaoqian Li and Chuanzhen Huang: Journal of Inorganic Materials.
Vol.192(2005), p.374-381 [10] M.M.Jalili, S.Moradian and D.Hosseinpour: Construction and Buliding Materials.
The Ni60 bond coatings were deposited on the substrate materials, then Mo2FeB2 Cermet Coatings were deposited as the top coating.
Vol. 18(2008), p.36-39 [2] Nowacki J: Journal of Materials Processing Technology.
Vol. 175(1/3) (2006), p.316 [3] Tao Zhang, Zhaoqian Li and Chuanzhen Huang: Journal of Inorganic Materials.
Vol.192(2005), p.374-381 [10] M.M.Jalili, S.Moradian and D.Hosseinpour: Construction and Buliding Materials.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Xin Mu Zhou, Yong Xiu Li
Introduction
Long-persistent phosphorescence materials have a great potential in device applications and have been widely studied in various techniques.
Materials Science and Egineering B64 (1999) 73-78 [7] H.H.Zeng, X.M.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 460 (2008) 704–707 [8] J.
Meijerink Journal of Alloys and Compounds 300-301 (2000) 426-429 [10] L.
Materials.
Materials Science and Egineering B64 (1999) 73-78 [7] H.H.Zeng, X.M.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 460 (2008) 704–707 [8] J.
Meijerink Journal of Alloys and Compounds 300-301 (2000) 426-429 [10] L.
Materials.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Elena Mavropoulos, Andrea Machado Costa, Marcelo N. Tanaka, Jessica Dornelas, Moema Hausen, Marcia S. Sader, Ana Paula Moreira Duarte, Gloria A. Soares, Alexandre Rossi
Commercial synthetic calcium phosphates have been used as bone graft materials.
Materials and Methods Commercial powder, calcium deficient apatite (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), was used to produce discs, diameter 13mm and height 1mm, by uniaxially pressing under a compressive stress of 216 MPa.
Although all cells in both materials (β-TCP-HI and β-TCP-PB) presented large amounts of filopodia and vesicular structures on cells surface, the results suggest that only β-TCP-HI promoted the cells differentiation due to deposits of delivered extracellular matrix.
Brechet, et al., Protein conformational changes induced by adsorption onto material surfaces: an important issue for biomedical applications of material science, Bull Pol Acad Sci Tech Sci. 58 (2010) 303–313
Laborde, Synthesis, characterization and thermal behavior of apatitic tricalcium phosphate, Materials Chemistry and Physics 80 (2003) 269–277
Materials and Methods Commercial powder, calcium deficient apatite (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), was used to produce discs, diameter 13mm and height 1mm, by uniaxially pressing under a compressive stress of 216 MPa.
Although all cells in both materials (β-TCP-HI and β-TCP-PB) presented large amounts of filopodia and vesicular structures on cells surface, the results suggest that only β-TCP-HI promoted the cells differentiation due to deposits of delivered extracellular matrix.
Brechet, et al., Protein conformational changes induced by adsorption onto material surfaces: an important issue for biomedical applications of material science, Bull Pol Acad Sci Tech Sci. 58 (2010) 303–313
Laborde, Synthesis, characterization and thermal behavior of apatitic tricalcium phosphate, Materials Chemistry and Physics 80 (2003) 269–277
Online since: September 2014
Authors: P.T.A. Santos, Polyana T.A. Santos, P.M.A.G. Araújo, A.C.F.M. Costa
Introduction
The doping of semiconductor ceramic matrices with lanthanide ions (series external transition) also known as rare earths aiming to obtain materials with luminescent properties, has shown promise as a model for obtaining materials with tunable light emission.
Kaskel: Journal of Colloid and Int.
Science Vol. 323(2008), p. 84
Airoldi: Journal of Non-Crystalline SolidsVol. 330 (2003), p.142
Ávila: Preparation and characterization of hybrid materials based on silica and kaolinite to different applications.
Kaskel: Journal of Colloid and Int.
Science Vol. 323(2008), p. 84
Airoldi: Journal of Non-Crystalline SolidsVol. 330 (2003), p.142
Ávila: Preparation and characterization of hybrid materials based on silica and kaolinite to different applications.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Zheng Xiao
Among them, epoxy acrylates and urethane acrylates have varieties of kind, high reactivity, abundant raw materials, moderate price , so they use the most.
These unfavorable factors limit its development, but also providing a broader space research and development for UV curing materials .
Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater.
Chiu , Selection of patch and adhesive materials for helicopter battle damage repair applications, Composite Structures, Vol.91(2009), No.3,p. 278
Sommerhuber.Influence of mill additives on vitreous enamel properties.Materials and Design.
These unfavorable factors limit its development, but also providing a broader space research and development for UV curing materials .
Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater.
Chiu , Selection of patch and adhesive materials for helicopter battle damage repair applications, Composite Structures, Vol.91(2009), No.3,p. 278
Sommerhuber.Influence of mill additives on vitreous enamel properties.Materials and Design.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Bao Hua Shi, Ying Song, Wei Ren, Wei Xu, Liang Yu Zong
Therefore, developing fast soil stabilizing materials has become a critical issue in air strip construction.
Traditionally, a variety of hydration products or polymer are formed after the inorganic combined materials (such as the cement and lime) react with water in soil pores to improve the structural strength of the soil.
Compared with traditional inorganic combined materials, the soil stabilizer changes the surface features of the soil particles after the surfactant takes translucent, and odorless.
However, in order to ensure the reliability of use of con-aid stabilizers in airstrip pavement, we will conduct more in-depth studies by comparing the con-aid stabilizers and other soil reinforcement materials.
Soil Science and Soil Mechanics [M] Beijing: People's Communications Press, 2010.
Traditionally, a variety of hydration products or polymer are formed after the inorganic combined materials (such as the cement and lime) react with water in soil pores to improve the structural strength of the soil.
Compared with traditional inorganic combined materials, the soil stabilizer changes the surface features of the soil particles after the surfactant takes translucent, and odorless.
However, in order to ensure the reliability of use of con-aid stabilizers in airstrip pavement, we will conduct more in-depth studies by comparing the con-aid stabilizers and other soil reinforcement materials.
Soil Science and Soil Mechanics [M] Beijing: People's Communications Press, 2010.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Luboš Náhlík, Pavel Hutař, Pavel Pokorný, Petr Matušek
Material parameters
Two most common materials used for railway axles (EA1N and EA4T steels) were assumed in following considerations.
Yield strength of considered materials was σyield=320 MPa (EA1N) or σyield=520 MPa (EA4T).
Two very common materials EA1N and EA4T steels were considered in calculations.
Schijve: Fatigue of structures and materials.
Yasniy: Assessment of lifetime of railway axle, International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 50 (2013), p. 40
Yield strength of considered materials was σyield=320 MPa (EA1N) or σyield=520 MPa (EA4T).
Two very common materials EA1N and EA4T steels were considered in calculations.
Schijve: Fatigue of structures and materials.
Yasniy: Assessment of lifetime of railway axle, International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 50 (2013), p. 40