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Asadi et al [4] used a cuckoo search algorithm for optimization of the total annual cost.
Hadidi et al [18] performed the analysis using the Imperialist competitive algorithm.
Sahin et al [19] used the ABC (Artificial Bee Colony) algorithm for the design optimization of STHX.
The estimation of capital investment is below as suggested by Tall et al [3]
El Sehiemy, Yasser I.

Ivanov et al.: Ann.
Ivanov et al.: Mat.
Popova et al.: Materials Science Forum Vol. 584-586 (2000), p.269
Popova et al.: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.
El-Dasher, B.L.

Figure 1 shows a bright field image (BFI) of (a) Cu, (b) Zn, (c) Al, and (d) Pb nanoparticles after oxidation in air at 373 K for 3.6 ks (Cu), 423 K for 3.6 ks (Zn and Pb), and at 295 K for 120 s (Al).
On the other hand, hollow oxides were obtained for Zn and Al with a smaller diameter.
Similarly, hollow Al-oxides were formed after the oxidation of Al nanoparticles below about 8 nm in diameter.
The formation of hollow Cu, Zn, and Al oxides seem to be due to the same mechanism.
Moore and E.L.

Manik et al. [11] also reported that the bark of Lannea coromadelica has antioxidant activity.
Wahid et al. [12] reported that the stability of the obtained gold nanoparticles was due to the addition of a PAA stabilizer during the synthesis.
Previous research has also been carried out by Farhan et al. [14] biosynthesis of AuNPs, which has a maximum absorbance at 538 nm and Donga et al. [7] at 550 nm.
The same XRD data has also been reported by Khalil et al. [17] and Ganesan and Prabu [18].
El-Magdoub, Biosynthesis of Au nanoparticles using olive leaf extract: 1st Nano updates, Arabian J.

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect on the flow structures and heat transfer characteristics were studied numerically by Li et al. [3].
Hadjadj et al. [16] studied the effect of Prandtl number, Rayleigh number and aspect ratio on natural convection between two concentric vertical cylinders.
In another analysis, Hadjadj and El-Kyal [17] studied the effect of two sinusoidal protuberances on natural convection heat transfer between vertical concentric annulus.
Fattahi et al. [20] simulated natural convection in eccentric annulus using Lattice Boltzmann Model.
Dash et al. [22] studied the three-dimensional swirling flow in a cylindrical annulus cavity with top rotating lid.

CO2, which is a greenhouse gas, contributes about 65% of global warming (Vijayakumar et al., 2013).
The agricultural and industrial wastes that possessed pozzolanic properties and which have been studied and applied as partial replacements for cement are Rice husk ash (Waswa-Sabuni et al., 2002; Coutinho, 2003; Nehdi, 2003; Bui et al., 2005), Corn cob ash (Adesanya, 1996; Adesanya, 2000; Adesanya, 2001; Adesanya and Raheem, 2009;), Waste burnt clay (Syagga et al., 2001; Shihembetsa et al., 2002), Hair fibre (Adedokun et al., 2016), Saw dust ash (Udoeyo and Dashibil, 2002; Raheem et al., 2012) and Corn husk ash (Nazir et al., 2012; Peter and Emmanuel, 2013).
The silica content of CSA (64.26%) is slightly lower than that of corn cob ash with a value of 66.38% (Adesanya and Raheem, 2009) and saw dust ash of 65.75% (Raheem et al., 2012).
This indicates an increase in water affinity of the interlocking stone as the CSA contents increased, which is also in line with previous findings that higher content of the CSA in concrete increased its affinity for water (Udoeyo et al., 2006; Sashidhar and Rao, 2010; Chowdhury et al., 2015).
[21] Nehdi, M., Duquette, J. and El-Damatty, A. (2003).

This type of geopolymer can take one of the following three basic forms: Polysialate (Si:Al=1,[-Si-O-Al-O-]), Polysialatesiloxo (Si:Al = 2, [-Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-]) and Polysialatedisiloxo (Si:Al = 3, [-Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-Si-O-]) [3].
Parameters of the geopolymerization reaction system include the molar ratio of Si/Al, Na2SiO3/ NaOH[12] and concentration of NaOH [13,14].
The dissolution of the Si and Al ions was already in a good state and hence the addition of plaster did not enhance the dissolution of Al ions.
Pelisser, E.L.
Mustafa Al Bakri , M.

Similar findings were also reported by Elsayed et al. [7].
In this context, Shahid et al. [3] found similar slump behavior for concrete mixes containing Glass fibers.
Al-Hasan, R.
Al-Hadithi, N.N.
Al-Hashmi, Use of waste plastic in concrete mixture as an aggregate replacement, Waste Management.

Zaini., Abdulsalam, S., El-Nafaty, U.
Zaini., Abdulsalam, S., El-Nafaty, U.
El-Esawi, Z.
Al-Tohamy, S.
Favaro et al., (2015).

Darwish2,b,  Al-Ahmari A.M3,c, and A.
El-Tamimi4,e 1,2,3Advanced Manufacturing Institute, Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O.
The first successful trial of RUM process as an ultrasonic milling was carried out by Pei et al. [5] in 1994.
Hu, et al. [6] studied the RUM process with different rotational speeds (1000 up to 3000 rpm) and observed no significant effect of varying speeds on the MRR.
The different cutting depth (10-50 mm) and different feed rate (100-500 mm/min) have also been studied by Lauwers et al. [8].