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With the advancement of material science, a new type of X-ray imaging equipment- Flat panel detector( FPD) emerged in 1990s.
Fig. 1 Block diagram of X-ray digital imaging system Decision method of optimal parameters 3.1 Sampling rate The FPD images in the manner of photoelectron accumulation regardless of its material.
Schlesselmann, A high performance 1024 × 1024 digital x-ray panel with integrated readout electronics for nondestructive testing and medical imaging applications, Nuclear science symposium conference record, Honolulu, Oct26- Nov3, 2007
Karim, Digital X-ray imaging using avalanche a-Se photoconductor, Sensors journal, 10(2), 2010, 347-352
[7] EN 12062-1997, Non-destructive examination of welds - general rules for metallic materials

Determination of N-Heptyl Pyridine Tetrafluoroborate in Acetonitrile Using UV–Spectrum Tao Huang1,a*, Peng Tian2,b*, 1College of Physics Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China 2College of Chemistry and Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China aemail: huangtao12345@sina.com, bemail: tianpenglnu@sina.com Keywords: HEP-BF4, acetonitrile, UV–spectrum Abstract: Ionic Liquids is called also room temperature molten salt, its performance is mainly dependent on composition of cation and anion, and through molecular design the adjustment.
These attributes make them appealing as alternative materials to replace conventional solvents, wherefore the interest in ionic liquid based materials for diverse electrochemical devices has boosted in the last few decades.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (LR2013051) and Natural Science Foundation of Shenyang city(F14-231-1-36).
International journal of pharmaceutics, 2005, 301(1): 237-246
Colloid and Polymer Science, 1996, 274(9): 875-883

Dong1,2,a, B, Zhou1,2,b 1Science and Technology on Inertial Laboratory, School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, 37#, Xuyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China 2Fundamental Science on Novel Inertial Instrument & Navigation System Technology Laboratory, 37#, Xuyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China aEmail: hfdong@buaa.edu.cn (corresponding author) bEmail: bqzhou@buaa.edu.cn Keywords: MEMS, spin exchange relaxation free (SERF), atomic magnetometer, atomic spin, atomic vapor cell chip (AVCC) Abstract.
Acknowledgments This work is supported by the Nature Science Funding of China under Grant 61074171, 61273067, Beijing Nature Science Funding under Grant 3122025 and National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China under Grant 2012CB934104.
Dang, Atomic magnetometers for materials characterization, Materials Today, 14 (2011) 258-262
Xiang, Journal of America Chemical Society, 131 (2009) 16646-16647

After carefully removing the surface organic materials and fine roots and sieving with 2 mm screener, the soil sample was divided into two portions.
Xia, Soil Nutrient and Soil Enzyme Activity Of the Slopes with Different Ecological Protection Technologies, Advanced Materials Research Vols. 356-360 (2012) pp 2445-2450
[6] Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, CAS.
Soil Chemical and Physical Analysis.Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1981: pp. 62-142
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2004, 18(1) 86-89.

A New Electromechanical Coupling Model for Piezoelectric Actuator Zenghui ZHAO a, Yuping WANG b, Xiangdong ZHAO c, Yikun YUAN d College of Science of Shan Dong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, 266510, China a qzzh2004@163.com, bwyp1618@163.com,czhaoxd5@sina.com,d yyk@163.com Keywords: ultrasonic motor, piezoelectric actuator, electro-mechanical coupling model Abstract.
Introduction As the development of intellectual material in vibration active control, piezoelectric material has been widely used in intellectual structure due to its special electromechanical coupling effect, so the piezoelectric composite structural which excited by induced strain has been pay extensive attention[1].As the typical intellectual structure, ultrasonic motor is a new-type electrical motor which was gradually developed after the nineties and it is a brand-new research area for inter-discipline refers to dynamics, material science, control technology and multidisciplinary simulation, etc.
As the heart part of USM for transduction, the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator centralized represent the effects of material behavior, structure mode and driving circuit on the motor performance.
Acknowledgements： This paper is supported by Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation（No.Y2006F36） References [1] C.S.
Faure: Ultrasonics Vol. 43(2005), p. 747-755 [4] Jong-Seok Rho,Chang-Hwan Lee, Hyun-Kyo Jung: Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics Vol.25,No.4 (2007),p.699-704 [5] W.

Studies on alkali lignin degradation by phomolybdic acid using ultrasonic method Fangdan Yu2,Yuanru Guo2,Qingjiang Pan1* 1Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China 2 College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China a panqj@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Phosphomolybdic acid, Alkali lignin, Degradation, Active functional groups.
Acknowledgments This work is the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30901136, 20703015), the New Teacher Foundation of Education Ministry of China (No. 200802251002), the Youth Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China (No.
Reiner: Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical, Vol. 116(1997), p. 59-84 [5] D.V.

Parent material is the weathering products of the Mesozoic Jurassic Suining thick mudstone and shale.
Materials and methods Experimental Design The soil is neutral red brown purple clay soil which exists widely in the southwest China.
References： [1] Wang Hui-jie, Feng Rui-yun, Zhang Zhi-jun.Effect of Different Organic Mulches to Soil Water Evaporation[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 37(6):42-44, 49
[2] He Xi, Wei Wusi, Sun Rongguo.Effect of Straw-bentonite-PAM Improved Material on Saturated Water Content in Sandy Soil[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2012, 28(09):75-79
Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology, 2012, 29(4):74-78.

References [1] Songjie Gong, Liping Zeng, The Solution of Safety of Electronic Cash in E-Commerce under Cloud Computing Environment, Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 989, pp: 4314-4317, 2014
Riedl, Recommender systems for large-scale e-commerce: Scalableneighborhood formation using clustering, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer andInformation Technology, 2002 [3] Songjie Gong, Research on the Growth Mechanism of High-Skilled System in Computer Science and Technology, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 513, pp: 2748-2751, 2014
Kelleher, Experiments in sparsity reduction: Using clustering in collaborative recommenders, in Procs. of the Thirteenth Irish Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science, pp. 144–149.
[5] Songjie Gong, A Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithm Based on Trust Network and Trust Factor, Journal of Convergence Information Technology, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 1111 ~ 1118, 2013.03
In Proceedings of the IEEE ICDM Conference. 2005 [7] Songjie Gong, Research on Attack on Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Systems, AISS: Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 10, pp. 938 ~ 946, 2013.05

Theoretical Analysis Micro-voids and micro-cracks are formed at the interfaces between different materials during fabrication of plastic packaging ICs, and the MC based on polymer materials is hydrophilic and porous, so it’s easy to absorb moisture when exposed to humid ambient condition [8,9].
Fick’s second law can be applied to describe the moisture diffusion process in polymer materials [10].
Due to the different CTE (a) of different materials, the thermal stress will occur in the heat transfer process.
The package is mainly composed of silicon die, conductive adhesive, lead frame and encapsulation materials, but some materials such as gold wires are ignored.
Tay, Modeling of interfacial delamination in plastic IC packages under hygrothermal loading, Journal of Electronic Packaging, vol. 127, (2005) 268-275

Under the assumption of small displacement theory and linear elastic isotropic and homogeneous material behavior, the equation of motion of the body is (1) The displacement and velocity satisfy the initial conditions （2） The singular integral equation can be obtained by travelling characters of elastic wave and dynamic extension of Betti’s reciprocal theorem[1] (3) Where tj(q,t) and uj(q,t) are the stress and displacement, respectively, q∈S. t is time variable.
REFERENCES [1] P.K.Banerjee and R.Buttertield：Boundary Element Methods in Engineering science, McGraw –Hill.
[4]Xuejun.Zhao, Dynamiccrack starting Research Progress,, [J] Building Science, china, 2009, 7, p85-88 [5]Youlin.Liu, ,Dynamic response of the beam structure With a Crack, [J] Journal of sunyatsen university, china, 2012,10,p52-55