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In the elastic region, we detected one large wave which we named “Wave 1”.
From 1% to 3 % strain, the behavior transformed from elastic deformation to plastic deformation.
Figure 7 shows the frequency response of Wave 1.
References [1] T.
Sivasankaran, Experimental design and investigation on the mechanical behavior of novel 3D printed biocompatibility polycarbonate scaffolds for medical applications, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, Vol. 35, pp. 479-491, 2018

The rupture happens in the side of 45 for both heterogenic welding joints of 45/0Cr18Ni9 and 45/1Cr9Mo. 1.
Figure 1 is machining dimension drawing of tensile samples under ambient temperature or high temperature.
Sample quantities are shown in table 1.
Figure 1 ~ figure 16 are shown tensile testing stress and strain curve of these six kinds of welding joint under the ambient temperature and high temperature.
Conclusion From six kinds of high temperature mechanical performance test ,results can be seen: 1.

The increasing market demand brings forward higher requirement for the thin film transformer[1].
The turns ratio of 1:1 are three types: 5:5, 10:10 and 15:15.
Turns ratio of 3:1 is 15:5[5].
Fig.1 Structure of thin-film transformer Fig.2.
:Electric Power Applications, IET. 2011 , 5 (6),pp: 479 – 485

The average nominal chemical composition of the 2024 material is 96.5Al-2.1Cu-1.4Mg (all compositions are in wt.%).
Concentration profiles of Fig.1 after reheat treatment for 6 cycles.
at% Mg Al at% Cu 1 2 3 1 2 3 α-Al α-Al + θ-Al2Cu α-Al + S-Al2CuMg α-Al + θ-Al2Cu + S-Al2CuMg a b c d Figure.4.
References [1] I.J.
Schultz, Macro-micro surface engineering to improve hot roll bonding of aluminum plate and sheet, Materials Science and Engineering A, 479 (2008) 45-57

An Investigation on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-3Al-1Zn Alloy via Spray Forming Yongbing Li 1,a, Hua Cui 2,b, Jinfeng Huang 1,c, Yuanhua Cai 1,d, Zihan Wang 1,e and Jishan Zhang 1,f 1 State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China a lybustb@126.com, fzhangjs@skl.ustb.edu.cn Keywords: Magnesium Alloy;Spray-Forming;Dynamic Recrystallization;Mechanical Property.
Then the spray-formed AZ31 alloy billet were hot extruded into rods at 693K with an extrusion ratio of 22 ∶ 1 and an extruding velocity about 16mm/s.
Results and Discussion Fig.1 shows the microstructures of spray-formed AZ31 magnesium alloys.
References [1] Cole G S.
Materials Science Forum, Vol.475-479(2005), p. 2789

Results and Discussion Figure 1 shows a plan-view SEM image of sample A etched by KOH aqueous solution (m(KOH):m(H2O)=1:1) at 50℃ for 40 min.
There are few etch pits in Fig.1.
Fig.1 SEM image of Sample A etched by KOH Fig.2 SEM image of Sample B etched by KOH aqueous solution (m(KOH):m(H2O)=1:1) aqueous solution (m(KOH):m(H2O)=1:1) at 50℃ for 40 min.
References [1] S.
Ni, Observation of dislocation etch pits in GaN epilayers by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, Chinese Journal of Semiconductors. 28 (2007) 473-479.

Gržeta 1, D.
Sample Description of sample Rp Rwp a (Å) c (Å) c/a V (Å3 ) Calcitea 4.9896(2) 17.061(11) 3.419 367.85(5) A1 Primary spines 0.066 0.103 4.9808(1) 17.0133(6) 3.416 365.5(1) A2 Secondary spines 0.064 0.088 4.9732(1) 16.9912(6) 3.416 363.9(1) A3 Part of skeleton without spines 0.063 0.090 4.9700(1) 16.9804(6) 3.416 363.2(1) A4 Inside skeleton around teeth 0.054 0.068 4.9684(1) 16.9709(4) 3.416 362.8(1) A5 Internal teeth 0.072 0.095 4.9654(1) 16.9606(7) 3.416 362.1(1) Magnesite b 4.6328(1) 15.0129(5) 3.240 279.05(3) a, b Data from Effenberger, Mereiter and Zemann [11].
Fig. 1.
References [1] K.M.
PlazoniP: Marine Biology 122 (1995) 479

The relation about the length of gas reflux L(m),wind velocity of the tunnel V(m/s) and height of the tunnel H(m) is: (1) In formula, k is coefficient,and its range is between 0.1 and 0.5.Acorrding to mine safety rules order[3], range is in Table 1.
Table 1 Table of wind velocity in tunnel Mine Name Allowed wind speed (m/s) Minimum Maximum Wind tunnel and wind cave without lifting equipment 15 Shaft for lifting material 12 Air bridge 10 Lifting persons and material shaft 8 Main import and return air tunnel 8 Erection motor vehicle tunnel 1.0 8 Conveyor lane,mining import and return air tunnel 0.25 6 Coal face,excavation tunnel and half coal lane 0.25 4 Excavation rock tunnel 0.15 4 Other ventilation pedestrian tunnel 0.15 Sensor placement in coal mining face inlet lane According to formula(1),the values of tunnel height, wind speed and reflux distance are illustrated in Table 2: Table 2 Adverse distance of Methane on different conditions K Wind speed (m/s) Height(m) Reflux distance(m) 0.1 0.25 1.8 5.184 2.6 10.81 4 1.8 0.02 2.6 0.042 0.5 0.25 1.8 25.92 2.6 54.05 4 1.8 0.1 2.6 0.21 As can be seen from the table,wind speed changes greatly influent on reflux distant,because gas reflux is occurred when the wind speed is
small.So when the wind speed is greater 4m/s,gas reflux distant is short.In fact this time gas reflux the possibility of appearing is small,we can ignore the situation when wind speed is 4m/s.When k is 0.1,reflux distant is between 5.184m and 10.81m;when k is 0.5, reflux distant is between 25.92m and 54.05m.Under normal circumstances gas reflux is from 5 to 10 meters, as many as tens of meters[1],it is consistent with the above results.That is the coal mining face gas reflux distant is up to tens of meters,at least 5 meters,in order to monitor the gas reflux in coal mining face we should place the sensors on the place which the inlet lane is distant from the coal mining face is 5m or less than 5m.Mine safety regulations require that the sensor should be placed in equal or less than 10m area from the coal mining face,shown in Figure 1,but it is greater than this paper results.If the methane sensor is placed in 5m area away from the coal mining face,we can better monitor the gas reflux concentration
References [1] Li ruijing.Gas reflux phenomenon analysis and prevention measures.Hebei coal science and technology work anthology:77-78 [2] Sun yumei,Wang mixin,Jiaoxilin.Board ventilation ration affect on the gas concentration.Hebei Coal, 2001，(2)：12-13 [3] Coal Mine Safety Regulations.
Gas reflux mechanism in air flow of inlet tunnel and its experiment study .Coal journal, 1998，23(5)：476-479

The model alloys were designed using the Thermo-Calc software [ 1] and available thermodynamic databases.
Table 1.
The microstructure is coarse after the long heat-treatment, see Figure 1.
References [1] S.
Vol. 475-479, Part 4, pp. 3339-3346, 2005

The Zirconium alloys are completely softening after 8 minutes at 650℃, 1 minute at 750, and 1/4 minute at 800℃.
Figure 1.
Table 1.
References [1] liu Jianzhang.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 479 (2009): 423–426