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The crack growth data of plain specimens exhibited a large scatter, resulting in a difficulty of the measurement of crack growth rate.
Fig. 3 shows S–N plots of the data collected during the stress-controlled fatigue tests.
A white triangle shows the growth data obtained from the DS.
Accordingly, the material constants C1 and n in Eq.(1) can be determined by analyzing the growth data of DS.
The value of n was 5.3 which was determined from the growth data of drilled specimens. 4.

ZigBee transponder is a better choice in terms of data rate and low power consumption as compared to others.
The commands will be received by the encoder and encode this data in proper format, then it will be transmitted to the ZigBee transponder, which will transmit this data using the antenna.
An ARM7 microcontroller processes images and communicates to neighboring motes via transceiver at data rates up to 76.8 kb per second.
Yang, "Constraint chaining: on energy-efficient continuous monitoring in sensor networks," in Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, 2006, pp. 157-168
Shenoy, "Ultra-low power data storage for sensor networks," ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), vol. 5, p. 33, 2009.

The results indicated that spinning deformation enhanced the tensile properties of the alloy due to the reduction of Si size and porosity percentage, especially in the samples with coarse microstructure.
The wheels were firstly made by casting the A356 alloy melt into a permanent mould at 700 oC and then spinning deformed at 390 oC with an average reduction ratio of 60%.
Quantitative analysis data of porosity percentage are plotted in Fig. 3 (a) as a function of average SDAS.
(a) (b) Fig. 3 Quantitative analysis data of the microstructure as a function of SDAS: (a) porosity percentage and (b) DSi.
While these brittle precipitates result in the reduction of α-Al matrix deformation, thus decreasing ductility, as shown in Fig. 5(b).

In the first scheme, a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state can be simply synthesized in a single step, in view of decoherence mechanism, a reduction of the number of operations for the state preparation is crucial.
Eight-40Ca+-ion W states have been realized by Innsbruck group with one motional quantum as data bus [12].
In view of decoherence mechanism, a reduction of the number of operations for the state preparation is crucial.

Fig. 1 shows the DSC-TGA data of Borassus Flabelifer L which is divided into two curves; Mass change (TGA) and heat change (DSC).
Among the compounds that allow decomposition based on EDS data are Mg, Zr, S, K, S, Cl, and Na.
Based on DSC-TGA data, the heating temperature variables after activation; 650 0C, 7500C, and 850 0C were used in this research.
Voltage curve which can be determined broadly between curves as data in determining capacitance.
Capacitance data of Borassus Flabelifer L at (a) 6500C, (b) 7500C, and (c) 8500C.

It is based on massive, cumulative, near-real-time, real-world data measurements that can create an evolving profile of them in the digital world.
As long as a machine is being measured, it can be modelled in the digital twin, and the more data you capture from the real-life system, the more robust and accurate the digital copy can be.
Regarding the reduction of time and costs, it is an open issue on which the efforts of many researchers are concentrated.
As it is possible to note from the table, a reduction of 30,4% of the entire cycle time is shown by the simulations, whilst for the operations in which human has been replaced by robot, the time reduction should reach the 39, 4%.
Hence, through the multidisciplinary approach it was possible to verify and optimise the different human-robot interactions so as to open new usability “scenarios” and provide with new and adequate design responses for the collaborative robotic systems comparing real data and the data provided by the simulation.

Two sensors were used for location data acquisition.
Results and discussion Transverse loading tests During 3-point loading of specimen, acoustic emission data is recorded.
The AE data give a much clearer picture of progressing damage.
For highly damaged specimens the load reduction is significantly higher than to low damaged or virgin specimens.
Also this technique can find the relation between the severities of damages with the recorded AE data.

Introduction Nowadays, it can not only reduce natural resources consumption, but also avoid environmental effects due to solid waste treatment when beneficial using solid waste as secondary raw material to produce silicate cementitious materials, which plays an important role in energy saving and emission reduction.
Fig.1 System boundary of LCA for calcium carbide sludge cement clinker production Data Source Data collection of production processes.
The data of production process of using calcium carbide sludge to substitute limestone was obtained from one cement factory in Shan Dong province that uses the coal-fired pre-drying process and the coal consumption of pre-drying stage is 50.4kg.
The life cycle inventory related to Limestone is derived from the Sinocenter material life cycle data of Beijing University of Technology, while the inventories of clay, sandstone are from Ecoinvent database.
AP, POCP, HT and EP have declined by 5.2 %, 5%, 3.5% and 3.8%, mainly due to the reduction of electricity consumption.

And then we analysis these data by using the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis.
The economic evaluation indexes are: the selecting rate, the immersion recovery rate, the reduction rate of villager’s arable compensation, and the sugar cane production rate. 2)The environment benefit index Whatever the business, during the time of developing economic,we must pay attention to protect the ecological environment.
After the assignment of expert judgment method, we got the fuzzy evaluation result under three indicator systems, the specific data as the table 2.2-2.4 Tab.2.2 The Fuzzy Evaluation Results Table of Economic Indicators Evaluation projects and weights Excellent （90-100） Good （80-89） Middle （70-79） Poor （60-69） Very poor （<60） A1 （0.272） 0.6 0.23 0.1 0.07 0 A2 （0.225） 0.33 0.47 0.17 0.03 0 A3 （0.178） 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.07 0.03 A4 （0.325） 0.53 0.2 0.17 0.07 0.03 Tab.2.3 The Environmental Benefits Results Table of Economic Indicators Evaluation projects and weights Excellent (90-100) Good （80-89） Middle （70-79） Poor （60-69） Very poor （<60） B1(0.175) 0.37 0.3 0.23 0.03 0.07 B2 (0.216) 0.3 0.5 0.17 0.03 0 B3 (0.234） 0.5 0.27 0.13 0.1 0 B4 (0.375) 0.57 0.3 0.1 0.03 0 Tab.2.4 The Social Benefits Results Table of Economic Indicators Evaluation projects and weights Excellent （90-100） Good （80-89） Middle （70-79） Poor （60-69） Very
The historical data is that the area of the reclamation land and ecological restoration is about 70% per year, after 3 years governance, it up to 90%, the ecological restoration and land reclamation[9] of the old mining area has solved the old mining area’s environmental restoration, and won a better benefit for many people, set a good image and provide the reference for the peer. 3 Conclusions 1) For the associated issue of China’s rare earth mining, we have implemented land reclamation; We used the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis to determine the effect’s evaluated indicators of mine land reclamation, and determined the outcome of each fuzzy evaluation under each index, and got the composite scores at last. the score is the quantitative outcome indicators to evaluate the effect of land reclamation, which will provide reference for decision-making. 2) In the process of implementing specific evaluation about the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis, we
got the result that have strong intuitive and scientific, according to use the method of expert judging. 3) According to analysis and study the effect of land reclamation[10], we used the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation analysis to get some data, which reflected the effect of mine land reclamation under each indicator's system.

The use of FTA, together with components’ failure data and human reliability data, enables the determination of the frequency of occurrence of an accident. 4.
Data collection and analysis should be carried out during manufacture and testing and should continue during the operational phase.
This performance data must be fed back to generate corrective action and to provide data and experience to aid future predictions.
The methods employed to determine these aspects involve the use of failure and repair data to model the reliability and availability characteristics of the system.
Data analysis: review of past incident, inspection, and maintenance records and comparison with available generic data. 6.