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It is very easy to cause casualties and a large number of economic and environmental losses, so the sealing measures have to be taken [4-7].
The grain shows the original Austrian characteristics obviously, and most of them are flat hexagon shape, and the average grain size is about 15µm.
At this time, the spheroidal small grains at the grain boundary have been reduced obviously, and the hard phases are distributed in the grain uniformly, forming a martensitic lath beam with mutual angle between each other.
As shown in Fig. 5, the inclusions are small in size, with a diameter of under 2µm, which are completely spheroidized and distributed in the grain and the grain boundary.
The increase of Ni content will lead to the increase of the number of inclusions, as shown in Fig. 5.This type of inclusion is not easy to be the origin of SSC crack.

Huge number of emission of flyash covers a mass of farmlands and water resources.
Grain size of about 88% spherical vitreous body is 1.5～20.
Effective part mainly exists in the ones whose grain size is fewer than 30.
Secondary flyash whose grain size is fewer than 10also has water reduction and delayed coagulation effect.
With the number increasing of flyash, slumps value also becomes higher.

The new strain path, characteristic of incremental processes, gives the advantage of minimizing tooling costs due to the reduction of the number of forming steps used to obtain the final component.
Initial grain size was 9ASTM.
Initial billet grain size.
z4 z1 Upper grain size Central grain size z7 z2 Fig. 23.
• In case of fine initial grain size: grain growth should be avoided.

Type A consists of a microstructure with equiaxed grain geometry, whereas Type B consists of a microstructure with elongated grain geometry.
The microstructure in Fig. 1 consists of three constituents of various grain sizes: (1) uf grains with mean grain size of 862 nm x 303 nm, (2) primary discontinuities with mean grain size of 63 nm x 31 nm, and lastly (3) equiaxed grains with grain size larger than 2 µm [5].
A comparison of the cyclic softening ratio of ECAPed high purity copper, with both Type A and Type B microstructures, summarized from a number of previous reports, is presented in Fig. 2.
Although the cumulative strain incurred in the ARBed copper reported in [4,5] is lower than that of the ECAPed copper presented in [18,20,29,37], it should be noted that the ECAPed copper results demonstrated no significant influence of the number of passes, i.e. no effect of the cumulative strain incurred from processing.
Kautz, In: Ultrafine Grained Materials IV, editor: Y.T.

A number of specimens were obtained from different parts of the castings to evaluate microstructure of the wheel, and both high density and fine grain microstructures were found in the specimens.
Microstructure of a number of specimens obtained from the castings was analyzed.
It was denser with quite finer grain microstructure than the Al-Cu alloy obtained from gravity casting [5].
Due to the pressure exerted on the hub, grains in this part were finer than that at the rim.
Dense and fine grain microstructures were found in different parts of the wheels.

However, a number of precipitates such as carbides, nitrides and intermetallic compounds may appear in δ ferritic areas and δ/γ interfaces if the manufacturing processes are not perfectly controlled [2].
The morphology of the grain boundaries changes gradually according to the temperature treatment.
Consequently, the grains evolve towards a cellular form although always lengthened in the rolling direction.
Also, the grain size increase significantly.
Alternative grains of austenite (in bright) and ferrite (in dark) are elongated in the rolling direction of rolling.

Uranium is apt to be oxidized in aqueous solution, the nickel deposit plated on uranium with general direct current electroplating exhibits coarse grain and cauliflower shape as well as obvious porosity.
In experimental, a coarse-grained nickel powder without preferred orientation and stress was used as standard sample.
(1) where, and are (hkl) diffraction intensity of nickel electrodeposit and nickel powder ,respectively, n is the number of diffraction peaks used to calculate .
From the XRD line-broadening of the (111) line of nickel deposit , the grain size D determined using the equation (2) is 45.5nm .This shows that the nickel coating is nanocrystalline deposit .
The fine grain and poly-crystal characteristics can be confirmed by the classic ring diffraction pattern in Fig .3.

Consequently, a great number of studies have been devoted to improve the mechanical properties of sintered HA 2-4.
Average grain size variation with MgO addition.
This increased in fracture toughness could be attributed to the further decreased in the grain size of the HA
The grain sizes are given in parentheses.
This improvement is associated with a decreased in the grain size of the sintered body.

Results obtained for glass fibres were compared with the ones for glass grains and planar samples.
The material for grains was obtained also from industrial process during the exchange of Pt furnaces.
Formation of outer layer on the particles of glass grain.
SPFT test in 0.2M NaOH, F=133 ml.d -1, F/S=0.027µm.s-1, 52°C, grains Fig. 5.
If the back precipitation of Si occurs in the form of silica gel layer, the fibres or grains could be connected together.

The microstructural analysis shows low densification after sintering (almost 86% of theoretical) and some precipitates of α phase and presumably ω phase at the grain and grain boundaries.
This method is a relation that can be well used to adjust appropriately experimental data in the sense to correlate the alternate stress and the number of cycles to failure between 103 and 106 cycles.
The microstructure consists of relatively large grains of phase β with grain boundary α precipitates.
In addition, some amount of intra-granular α precipitation is also visible within β grains.
It is possible that the same precipitate would be formed into the grain boundary.