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Van Bael 2d 1 Department of Ceramic and Glass Engineering/CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal 2 Laboratory of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Hasselt, (Campus Diepenbeek) Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium a aiying@cv.ua.pt, bdirk.vangenechten@uhasselt.be, cpaulas@cv.ua.pt, d marlies.vanbael@uhasselt.be Keywords: aqueous gel, sol-gel, PZT powder, dispersion behaviour Abstract.
The decomposition of the gel structures and the crystallization into the perovskite phase are expected to occur during this treatment.
The structure and morphology of the obtained powders were analyzed (I) by XRD (X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku, D/Max-B) operated at 40 kV and 30 mA with CuKa radiation) for crystal structure and phase content evolution, (II) by nitrogen adsorption surface area analysis (Micromeritrics, mode Gemini II 2370, USA) and (III) by LS230 Coulter and Coulter DELSA (440SX) analysis for particle size and their distribution and zeta potential, respectively, and (IV) by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Hitachi, H9000-NA) for microstructural analysis.
The zeta potential behaviour as a function of pH indicates a strong difference in the surface chemistry of the two powders.
Further detailed study on synthesis route related surface chemistry and zeta potential aimed to clarify there relationship is on the way.

Mechanism of the Oxidation of Iron Minghuan Zhang1,a, Qing Shao2,b, Lu Yuan3,c, Guangwen Zhou3,d, Yiqian Wang1,e 1 College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, P.
A layered structure of different iron oxides was produced by thermal oxidation of iron.
Two different structures of Fe2O3 were found to co-exist.
Fig.4a is taken along [0001] zone axis, which is indexed with α-Fe2O3 structure.
And Fig.4b can be indexed with the γ-Fe2O3 structure, which is taken along zone axis.

Understanding the chemistry and physical structure of the track components gives insight to changes in mechanical behavior under racing loads and changing temperatures.
Furthermore, components of synthetic tracks in North America vary in terms of the wax chemistry and therefore thermo-mechanical performance, and in the type of fiber/rubber mixture used.
Both physical features (i.e. length and texture) and the surface chemistry of the fiber can affect the mechanical performance of the track material.
These chain distribution give insight to molecular structure and resulting wax solids and oils that are present.
FTIR is commonly used to identify polymeric fibers by detecting and interpreting the oscillations of the atoms bonded together in the molecular structure.

The structure of the coated papers surface was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi, SU-70).
Print quality properties and surface chemistry.
Pigment particle shape, as well as consideration about surface chemistry of coated papers, is the main factors that may explain this fact.
Conclusions This study confirms the influence of pigments particle shape and rheological modifiers on the topography and chemistry of the coated papers surface and on the corresponding inkjet printing properties.
Velho: The Influence of Coating Topography and Structure on Sheet Gloss and Light Scattering.

Effect of Concentration on the Ionic Interaction between Polystyrene Sulfonate and Cationic Surfactant in Aqueous Solution Agus HARYONO1,a, Muhammad GHOZALI1,b, Sri Budi HARMAMI1,c and Yenny MELIANA1,d 1Polymer Chemistry Group, Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, 15314, Banten, Indonesia aagus.haryono@lipi.go.id, bghoqun@yahoo.com, csribudiharmami@gmail.com, dmeliana2303@yahoo.com Keywords: ionic interaction, polystyrene sulfonate, sulfonation, polymer Abstract.
The measurements of H-NMR were performed on a 500 MHz NMR JEOL JNM-ECA 500 spectrometer with chloroform CDCl3 as solvent. 1H-NMR spectrum was used to determine the structure of polymer [19-20].
FTIR spectrum was used to confirm the chemical structure of PS, PSS and ionic interaction between CTAB and PSS.
This peak was associated with the globule structure based cationic and anionic interaction in polymer.
More addition of CTAB showed a decrease of Dh, and leads to the formation of a circular structure of CTAB-PSS complex.

Box 1398, Rawalpindi, Pakistan 2 NUST (SCME) H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan 3 Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan 4The School of Chemistry,The University of Manchester, UK a drabdulquddos@yahoo.com, b Bilalkhan-ccems@nust.edu.pk, cAbdulwh@yahoo.co.uk, d azad.malik@manchester.ac.uk, epaul.obrien@manchester.ac.uk Keywords: Nanocomposites; Dispersion; Flexible.
Yet, major obstacles remain in realizing many of these advances especially due to the lack of reliable and cost-effective means of patterning or assembling NCs into useful structures [5-8].
However, such a method involves multi-step processes including cumbersome synthesis of molecular precursors and may be limited to core- shell type structures and bulk composite materials.
One of the key steps in developing technologically useful nanocomposite polymer hybrid systems is a simple scalable chemistry that leads to well-defined structures suitable for combining bottom up and top-down approaches to fabrication [13].
Additionally, phase-contrast imaging relies on lattice fringes, which arise from the periodic structure of the crystal lattice.

., Malaysian Nuclear Agency, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Malaysia. 2 Mitsubishi Chemical Group Science and Technology Research Centre, Inc. 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohma 227-8502, Japan 3Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock Close, BS8 1TS Bristol, UK *rohaida@nuclearmalaysia.gov.my Keywords: Coacervate droplets, Self-assembly, Fatty acid Abstract.
Whereas, the dye was accummulated at the surface of droplets when FA was added at molar ratio >0.6:1.0:0.25, forming a green ‘ring-like’ structure (Fig. 2e-i).
This ‘ring-like’ structure was referring to the FA membrane as shown by the FA vesicle control (Fig. 2d).
Lodge, Polymer Chemistry, 2nd ed, CRC Press, Bosa Raton, FL, 2007
Borkovec, Structure of an adsorbed polyelectrolyte monolayer on oppositely charged colloidal particles. 

In fact, research on bimetals has been done for the possible pathways involved in the surface chemistry [4].
Diffraction angle of 2θ was recorded from 10⁰ to 90⁰ at wavelength (λ = 0.154 nm) to identified the crystal structures.
The s2M has particles sizes range of 24.5 to 56.0 nm generated sphere shape with well distributed pore structures on the particles surface.
Roberts: Surface chemistry of carbon dioxide, Surf.
Roberts: Surface chemistry of carbon dioxide, Surf.

There are up to 9 Cu and 8 Ag that can be enclosed inside C60 forming stable structure at 0 K [9].
The structure of optimized geometry and DOS (density of state) C60 with and without molecules are also being investigated.
Meanwhile, the bond length of O2 is shortened and the structure of O3 changes significantly inside C60.
Dharamvir, DFT Study of Cu and Ag Clusters inside C60, Journal of Molecular Structure. 1100 (2015) 328 – 337
[16] PHASE, https://azuma.nims.go.jp/cms1 [17] NIST Chemistry Webbook, http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry [18] H.

Fedkovich Chernivci National University, Institute of Biology, Chemistry and Biological Resources, Kotsiubinsky St., 2, Chernivtsi, 58012, Ukraine 3A.V.
Dumansky Institute of Colloid and Water Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, bul.
The degree of this effect is determined by the chemical structure and molecular weight of the polymers.
These structures have a branched surface.
Solid Fuel Chemistry, 48(2), 117-122. https://doi.org/10.3103/s0361521914020116 [6] Chernyshev, S., & Zommer, T. (2021).