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InSustainability Challenges and Delivering Practical Engineering Solutions: Resources, Materials, Energy, and Buildings, 2023 May 9, pp. 31-33.
International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering. 2022 Jun, 13(2), pp.831-51
Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2023 Feb, 30(6), pp.15145-57
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2023 Jun, 20(6), pp.6531-58
International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2014 Apr5, pp.1-7

Introduction User innovation means that users propose a new vision, make use of a new equipment, tools, materials, technology, and improve the manufacturer's product or process for their own certain purpose.
[4] von Hippel,E.: Management Science, Vol. 40 (1994) No.4, pp. 429-439
:Management Science, Vol. 32 (1986) No.7, pp. 112-114
:Journal of Business Research, Vol. 49 (2000) No. 1, pp. 11
:European Management Journal, Vol. 22 (2004) No. 2, pp. 252

There are mainly three ways of stacking for raw materials and products as shown in Fig.1: (1) multiple single-row type (slabs); (2) multi-layer and column synthetic type ‘A’ (tubes); (3) multi-layer vertical type (round and square billets).
Journal of the Operational Research Society, 2001 (52) 1091-1097
Journal of University Science and Technology Beijing, 2011 (33) 376-382
International Journal of Production Economics, 2006 (104) 482-501
International Journal of Production Research, 2011 (49) 5133-5151

Effects of annealing on microstructure and properties of Cu-Nb wires Liping Deng1,2,a, Ke Han2,b, Zeyuan Sun1,c, Xiaofang Yang1,d, Qing Liu1,e 1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China 2National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310, USA aldeng@cqu.edu.cn, bhan@magnet.fsu.edu, c249439514@qq.com, dyangxf@cqu.edu.cn, eqingliu@cqu.edu.cn Key words: Cu-Nb microcomposite wires; annealing; hardness; resistivity Abstract This paper reports the results of investigation into the effects of annealing on microstructure, hardness, and electrical resistivity of accumulated drawing and bundling (ADB) Cu-Nb wires.
These materials are good candidates as high strength, and high conductivity wires for building high-field magnets [5].
[4] Han K, Strength and Ductility of Nanostructured Composites with Co-Deformable Components, Materials Science Forum. 633-634 ( 2010) 383-92
[9] Deng L, Yang X, Han K, Lu Y, Liang M, Liu Q, Microstructure and texture evolution of Cu–Nb composite wires, Materials Characterization. 81 (2013) 124-33
[11] Guizhong G, Effect of annealing treatment on microstructure and property of red copper, Journal of Pingyuan University. 23 (2006) 129-31

Effect of Austenization Holding Time on the Martensitic Transformation in 30CrNi3MoV Ultra-High-Strength Steel Zhixia Qiao1,a, Dantian Zhang2, Yongchang Liu2,b and Zesheng Yan2 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, PR China 2School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
Experimental Materials and Procedures The chemical composition of the explored 30CrNi3MoV steel is as follows (in weight percent): 0.28C, 0.26Si, 0.45Mn, 3.0Ni, 0.42Mo, 0.90Cr, 0.003S and 0.009P.
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China- Steel and Iron Union Foundation, (No. 50834011), the Youth Science Research Foundation of Tianjin University of Commerce (No. 080105) References [1] C.S.
Leda G, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 64(1997), p. 247 [5] Z.X.
Xu, Martensitic Transformation and Martensite(Second Edition), (Science press, China, 1999).

Furthermore, ITO is a CMOS compatible material which has been widely used in the industry [3].
Acknowledgement This work was supported by A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research Singapore), under Grant No.
Raineri, “Ohmic Contacts to SiC,” International Journal of High-Speed Electronics and Systems, vol. 15, no. 04, pp. 781–820, (2005) [6] R.
Mitchel, “Material Selection and Interfacial Reaction in Ohmic-Contact Formation on SiC,” Springer series in materials science, pp. 303–343, (2024) [8] S.
Tanimoto and Hiromichi Oohashi, “High-Temperature Reliable Ni2Si-Based Contacts on SiC Connected to Si-Doped Al Interconnect via Ta/TaN Barrier,” Materials science forum, vol. 615–617, pp. 561–564, (2009) [9] B.

A high-performance color charge-coupled device camera captures color from wood samples and transmits images to the computer, then Hue from Munsell color system (HSI) and color vector angle (CVA) are used to characterize wood color of samples for the comparative purpose.These eigenvalues build two training sets,using support vector machine to establish the color classifiers,and test each classifier.The experimental results show that, the classification method based on the CVA and support vector machine can quickly and accurately estimate the level of the color of the wood materials, improve the level of automation and production efficiency in the wood processing.
Acknowledgements This work Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY12F03008) and Huzhou Manufacturing Information Major Special Project (2011ZD2009).
References [1] Yeqin WANG,in: volume 30 of Forestry Science and Technology, chapter,2(2005), In Chinese
[5] Zhong-hong XIE, Xiao-qing GUO,and Chang-ying JI,in: volume 32 of Computer Engineering & Science(2010), In Chinese
[6] Oestreich J M, Tolley W K in: volume 8 of Minerals Engineering, chapter,1(1995) [7] Hong-wei ZHANG, Zhi-huan SONG,in: volume 45 of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,chapter 8(2011), In Chinese

The samplings of design demands and that of product structural styles are shown in Table 1 in which the value of the material of the plate is expressed with its elastic ratio.
Khoo: International Journal of Systems Science Vol. 40 (2009), p. 121-130
Wang: International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology Vol. 33 (2008), p. 247-254
Mi: Journal of Machine Design Vol.26 (2009), p. 67-70
Sun: Journal of Engineering Design Vol.14 (2007), p. 199-203

The material is Duralumin® and has dimensions 300 x 300 mm with a thickness of 1.5 mm.
Journal Applied Mechanics, 24 (1957) [3] Dulieu-Smith, J.M. and Stanley, P.
Key Engineering Materials, 245-246 (2003), 77-86 [7] Hebb, R.I, Dulieu-Barton, J.M., Worden, K. and Tatum, P.
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The assessment will not only reduce waste of ribbed plate material, but also reduce construction costs, and improve load capacity in the same time [[2] Reynolds A J, West R P, Brooks B E.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science. 1972，14（5）. ], which improves ACV’s military practicality and safety.
Journal of Hydronautics. 1975. ], or strength analysis of local structure, without interest on the overall structure strength of hovercraft hull.
Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 1974，11(12): 21-24. ].
Seakeeping Characteristics of a High Length-to-Beam Ration Surface Effect Ship, Journal of Hydronautics Vol.11, NO.3,July,1977. ].