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Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher ) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications Quantitative Monitoring of In Vitro Mineralization Process Using Fluorescent Dyes M.
Ohgushi Tissue Engineering Research Center (TERC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nakoji 3-11-46, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0974, JAPAN motohiro-hirose@aist.go.jp Keywords: Osteoblast, Mineralization, Calcein, Xylenol orange, Tissue engineering Abstract Human osteoblastic cell line, HOS 58 cells, were cultured in a medium containing fluorescent dyes of calcein or xylenol orange.
Methods Cell cultures: Human osteoblast-like HOS 58 cells were maintained at 37˚C in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 10 mM b-glycerophosphate and 0.28 mM ascorbic acid 2-phosphate in the presence of 1 µg/mL calcein or 100 µg/mL xylenol orange as fluorescent materials with affinity for Calcium.
Results and Discussion Since continuous addition of calcein and xylenol orange to HOS 58 cell culture system did not change cell proliferation rate or alkaline phosphatase activity, the fluorescent materials did not affect mineralization of the cells (data not shown).
The results demonstrate the establishment of an in situ monitoring system of mineralization quantification in cultured osteoblasts using fluorescent materials.

Introduction The EDM is a complex process, the electrode is not in touch with work piece directly, work piece material is removed in the form of melt result from thermal effect produced by pulse discharge.
EDM plays an important role in machining materials with properties of higher hardness, strength, and brittleness because of the advanced characteristics it has, and now it is widely used in aviation, machinery, electronic instrumentation and other industries [1-2].
All experiments are carried on high-precision AgieCharmilles ROBOFORM31 EDM machine, copper with an face area of 10mm×10mm is selected as the electrode material, work piece material is aluminum alloy 2A12,, and the processing method of negative standard entry processing is utilized.
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2007, (47): 1214-1228
Molecular dynamics simulation of the material removal mechanism in micro-EDM [J].

Given the different materials of different structure parameters finally: Hard aluminum alloy：； Steel：.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by The National Science Foundation of China (No: 50935002,11172336,11002165); The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No: CDJXS10242206); The Innovation Fund for Aeronautics and Astronautics (CAST2009).
International Journal of Robotics Research. 2012, Vol.31:P82-100
Magnetorheological Materials Theory United in Energy [J].Applied Mechanics and Materials.2012, Vol.157-158:P33-36

Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou,China; 2.China United Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou,China a Zjuhhh@163.com, b 185337304@qq.com, c wmg702@126.com Keywords: Reinforced Concrete Hollow floor, Thermal Isolation Character, structure analysis Abstract.
Except some strong alloy the most material are nonbearing members.
The Parameters depends on the material type , the grade of the material and the shape of the strucuture.
According to the feature of hollow floor which was combined with reinforced concrete and high-intensive inner core, the material in vitical layer is not homogeneous.
The building enerty consumption covers material manufacture, situ construction and all consumption during using the building.

Therefore, their structure is normally refined by rare earth materials, such as Titanium (Ti), Titanium-Boron (Ti-B) or zirconium (Zr).
The effect of adding some rare earth materials on the mechanical strength, wear resistance, impact strength, machinability, and fatigue life was thoroughly investigated in [9-15].
Materials, Equipment, and Experimental Procedures Materials.
[8] Zhu, Y.H, (1996), "Creep Induced Phase Transformation in Cast Zn-Al Alloy", Journal of Materials Science Letters, V.15, pp 1358-1360
[9] Zaid, A.I.O, (2006), "Grain Refinement of Zn-Al Alloys", Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on the Frontiers of Engineering Materials, FAEM-2006, Lahore, Pakistan

A new technologies and materials stand at front of the scientific interest.
The result of the huge efforts in the development of nanostructured materials are new materials that are the building blocks of nanoparticles with defined structures and properties.
NorioTaniguchi of Tokyo University of Natural Sciences in 1974 to describe the precision manufacture of materials with nanometer tolerances [1].
New materials find their application also in environment protecting.
For water protection at the sewage process, four types of materials are known: metal oxides, carbon materials, dendrimers and zeolites.

The pore structure of concrete is a very important material property influencing the durability of concrete.
Acknowledgement This paper was elaborated with the financial support of the Czech Science Foundation project GA13-18870S and European Union's "Operational Programme Research and Development for Innovations", No.
CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0097, as an activity of the regional Centre AdMaS "Advanced Materials, Structures and Technologies".
Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing, 46 (2010), 226-233

Experimental Materials.
The materials are PVC SG5 (Beijing the Second Chemicals Co., Beijing, China), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP) as the plasticizer (Shanghai DongfangChemicals Co., Shanghai, China), organic tin compound as stabilizer, calcium stearate as lubricant (Hebei Baoding Chemicals Co., Baoding City, China), Fe2O3, ZnO, CuO, CaO and MoO3 (Tianjin Huadong Chemicals Co., Tianjin, China) as raw material for the Metal Molybdates.
The LOI method is a simple, convenient, fast and effective method to study the flame retardancy of plastic materials.
So in this research the flame retardancy of plastic materials was measured by LOI.
Xu, Journal of Applied Polymer Science.

Janzen, Material Science Forum 679 75 (2011) ,[] M.
La Via, Journal Of Applied Physics 105, 084910 (2009) ].
La Magna J. of Materials Research 28, 104 (2013) ,[] M.
La Via Materials Science Forum 679-680, 213 (2011) ,16,[] N.
La Via, Materials Science Forum 679-680, 141 (2011) ] or, as in this case, it allows to study the stress in multi-layered wafers.

Test design Materials.
Table 1 Standard mix proportion of concrete Material dosage(kg/m3) Accelerating agent (%) water cement ratio Sand ratio (%) Gel material Sand Stone Water 440 787 961.8 211.2 2 0.48 45 *Gel material contained cement and admixtures.
The number 2% for accelerating agent meant that it substituted for 2% gel material.
Under this condition, self stress was the best with materials saved and requirements met.
[5] Huanan He, Chengkui Huang: Journal of Building Materials Vol. 7(2004), p. 156