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Introduction Research on the fracture toughness of metallic materials is one of frontier topics of Fracture Mechanics.
Acknowledgements The present was supported by the National Science Foundation of China.
Srawley, Plane Strain Creak Toughness Testing of High Strength Metallic Materials.
International Journal of Fracture.1998,89:85-102P
Key Engineering Materials. 2007, 334: 153-156P

Wan2,b 1Electronic and information engineering, Nanjing Communications Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211188, China 2College of Science, HoHai University, Nanjing 210098, China akaijuzhang@126.com, bforegotech@126.com Keywords: AlxGa1-xN/GaN；AMPS-1D；Numerical simulation；quantum well Abstract In this work, the one dimensional simulation program called analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures (AMPS-1D) is used to study the performances of depth of AlxGa1-xN/GaN heterojunction quantum well.
Introduction The III-nitride semiconductor materials, such as GaN, SiC, ZnSe and diamond have the characteristics of wider forbidden band, high electron mobility, low permittivity and better ability of heat conductivity.
They are suitable for manufacturing high-temperature, high-frequency, high-power and high-density integrated electronic devices[1-3].Materials with different band gap energy are used to obtain hetero structure to manufacture devices based on these semiconductor structures [4-5].
In these selectively doped semiconductors hetero structures a two dimensional electron gas forms at the hetero interface which is usually separated from the impurities on the high energy gap side by a thin layer of undoped material.
Cardona, Fundamentals of semiconductors: physics and materials Properties (Springer, 1996) [7] Guo, Q, Yoshida A., Jpn.

Introduction 2024 aluminum alloy has been widely applied in many industrial fields as one of structural materials because it has excellent properties such as low density, high strength, good hot-workability and good corrossion resistance [1,2].
And subsequent treatment can furtherly enhance mechanical properties to satisfy the needs of structural materials. 2024 alloy is one of deformation aluminum alloys, which contains copper and magnesium as major additional elements and can be strengthened through heat treatment [3-4].
Material and experimental The experimental samples were taken from extruded 2024 aluminum alloy bar.
(in Chinese) [2] LIU D, ATKNSON H V, KAPRANOS P, etc: Journal of Materials Science and Engineering Vol.361(2003): 213-224

Alternative solutions withstanding higher operating conditions imply to find innovative materials.
Table 5: Wear rate of the studied materials.
BerthierIn: Handbook of Materials Behavior Models, edited by J.
Denape Key Engineering Materials,Vol. 482, (2011), p. 89-100 [12] B.
Cao, Materials Science and Engineering : R, Vol. 63, (2009) p. 127

This leads to grave consequences: human casualties and serious material loss.
Journal of Constructional Steel Research 37.3 (1996) 175-204
EDP Sciences, (2016) 01032
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.
EasternEuropean Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3/10 (2018) 21-27

Traditionally the chemical industry uses coal, minerals and petroleum as its basic raw materials, but palm oil and palm kernel oil are being increasingly used as economical raw materials especially for the production of oleochemicals.
Journal of Operational Research Society, 57, 9 (2006)
The Journal of Trading, 3, 2 (2008) [6] P.
Applied Mathematical Sciences, 8, 123 (2014) [10] S.
Journal of Applied Statistics, 41, 4 (2013) [11] T.

Structure and Inverse Magnetocaloric Effect of Mn1.2Co0.8Si0.2P0.8 Compound Prepared by SPS Lei Ma1, 2*, Liang Zhou1, Lin Li1, 2, Zhengfei Gu1, 2 and Gang Cheng1, 2 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China 2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, China malei2010@163.com Keywords: Spark plasma sintering, Magnetocaloric effect, Magnetic refrigeration.
Unlike the positive MCE materials, very few inverse MCE materials have been identified and the investigation of these materials is only beginning.
The MnCoSi based compounds appear to be one of the most promising MCE, since it has a quite rich family of materials with some uncommon features compared to other MCE materials.
Acknowledgments This work is supported by the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials (131011-Z), the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2013GXNSFBA019242), the Guangxi Education Department (YB2014118), Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education (YCSZ2014140) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51461012).
Gschneidner Jr., V.K.Pecharsky, and A.O.Tsokol, Recent developments in magnetocaloric materials, Rep.

Modern Management Science, 11 (2008)87-88
Management Science, 5(2006)20
Science and Technology Progress, 5(2009)52
Journal of Business Venturing. 18 (2003)189- 216
Journal of Taiyuan teachers college(Natural science edition), 12(2008)12-1

They are material supply module, sealing module, cutting module, frame module, power module, conveyor module, packaging film module and the electric or control system module according to characteristics of vertical four edge-sealing bag packaging machine.
The reconstruction of application for: when productivity and bag length are increased, we can raise the motor speed, conversely, reduce motor speed. when bag width and the column number of bag are changed, we can use new longitudinal sealing roller, horizontal sealing roller, coding roller, longitudinal cutting roller, horizontal cutting roller and fracture line roller to replace olds under adjusting distance of two supporting plates, in witch the other parts are normal use and the frame module is unchanged and material supply module only change the material tube number.
For example: the column number of bag of material supply module, sealing module and cutting module is the same or not, the bag width of material supply module, sealing module and cutting module is the same or not, the width and thickness of two supporting plate of material supply module, sealing module and cutting module are the same or not, the height of frame module whether meets combined height requirements of material supply module, sealing module and cutting module, and the dimensions and parameters of engine whether correspond to material supply module, sealing module and cutting module.
References [1] Rui Shang etc, in: The Study on CAD Technology of Reconfigurable and Module for Vertical Bag Packaging Machine, edited by ICMM2011, 2011 International Conference on Material and Manufacturing.
Journal of Food Science.

Eddy currents techniques may be used for ferrous but also non ferrous materials [3, 4].
Theory Magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) method relies upon the abrupt irreversible motion of magnetic domain walls in ferromagnetic materials as they overcome potential barriers during magnetization procedure [12].
Experiments and Results Both Hc and Br quantities provide experimental evidence of the lattice's anisotropy via indication of magnetic softening (when distruction of the pre-existing anisotropy direction coming from pre-rolling occurs) or hardening when anisotropy is again induced through material's alignment with the rolling direction [18] ).
Hristoforou for helpful discussions and advice in the subject of magnetism, magnetic materials and their correlation with microstructure and mechanical properties.
A 6, 427 (1975) [16] Oxford Instruments HKL EBSD Manual, A/S (2007) [17] Carmen-Gabriela Stefanita: From bulk to nano – The many sides of magnetism (Springer Series in Materials Science, Berlin Heidelberg 2008) [18] D.C.Jiles, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 116, (2002) 242-245 [19] D.S.