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Ergonomic Design and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Instrument Handle Based on Anthropometry Changying Sun a, Shuyi Wang b, Bingcao Wang c School of Medical instrument and Food engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, jungong road No.516, shanghai, China, 200093 a13774351675@139.com,bwangshuyi2001@sina.com,c308594151@qq.com Keywords: Anthropometry; Ergonomic design, Laparoscopy instrument handle, Evaluation.
Methods and material Hand anthropometry.
References [1] Minghua Zheng: Progress and Development Trend of Minimally Invasive Surgery [J].Chinese Journal of Practical Surgery, 22, (1). (2002) [2] Guoli Liu: Laparoscopic Surgery Minimally Invasive Significance [C].Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery, (2). (2002) [3] R.Berguer, D.L.Forkey: Ergonomic problems associated with laparoscopic surgery [J].
Journal of Surgical Research.
Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques, (11), 17-26. (2001)

Journal of earth science China university of geosciences, (In Chinese )2004, 29 (3):327-332
Journal of China university of mining, (In Chinese )2009, 38 (3) : 352-353
Journal of coal, (In Chinese )2009, 34 (5) : 577-582
Journal of coal.
Subsurface sequestration of carbon dioxide-an oveview from an Alberta(Canada) perspective[J]: International Journal of Coal Geology, 2000,43(1-4):287-305.

According to the survey, almost all the universities that have set up civil engineering major failed to open safety science and technology courses.
From the perspective of the content of courses, overlapping can be easily found in the courses above, and the teaching materials in each university are mostly adapted by themselves, with distinctive style, even the different courses in one school have reiteration and conflict in many parts.
Suggestions that are oriented to the engineering safety curriculum content in the field of civil engineering can be described as follows. 5.2.1 Outline I will conduct my exploration from the safety and safety science and technology, safety science promoting scientific development of science and technology, the basic connotation of construction safety management, safety production conditions and management around the world.
Taizhou college journal, 2007, 29(3): 85-88 Luo Hua Ecological Civilization--Pay attention to the recycling of construction garbage in landscape construction[J].
Chinese safety science journal, 2003, 13(3): 38-41

Decrease of life capability particularly occurs on frequencies which are presumably connected with minimum in size elements of hierarchy of polycrystalline material structures.
It is also shown that the greater the average value of grain size, the less the basic frequency of own vibrations of the material.
On the basis of the above-mentioned we can assume that frequencies of own vibrations are connected with different hierarchy levels of polycrystalline material structure.
Gabbasova, Evaluation of durability of technological pipelines with account of forced vibrations: extended abstract of Doctor of Engineering Science Dissertation, Ufa (2002) [3] E.A.
Lobusov, Determination of the frequency of resonance vibration metal cutting, Scientific journal Installations and instruments, 2 (2010) 36-38

Petti, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 371, 329–377 (2007) [8] K.B.
Lodini, Materials Science & Engineering A, 341, 74-86 (2003) [10] S.Wroński, A.
Lodini, M.Marciszko, Materials Science Forum, 772, 117-121 (2014) [11] A.
Baczmański, Materials Science and Engineering (A), 444, 6-17 (2007) [13] R.
Baczmanski, Materials and Design, 55, 888–897 (2014).

Whether strength of the material is affected by welding is highly dependent on the materials and welding parameters.
Cao, "An analytical model for tailor welded blank forming," Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-Transactions of the ASME, vol. 125, pp. 344-351, 2003.
In the case of TWBs, there are two involved pieces with (possibly) different thicknesses and materials properties.
This is because of the fact that HAZ in steel TWBs is stronger than base materials, and has higher elastic modulus.
They concluded that the failure is mainly caused by the thickness difference between the materials.

EFFECTS OF SURFACTANT ON CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF CARBON STEEL IN SIMULATED CRUDE OIL Mohammad Zakaria1, Suryanto1,2 and Irfan Hilmy1 1Department of Manufacturing and Materials, International Islamic University Malaysia, PO Box10, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Email: surya@iium.edu.my Keyword: Corrosion Behavior, Surfactant, Carbon Steel and Crude Oil ABSTRACT Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is a technique used in oil and gas industries to increase the amount of crude oil production by injection of brine, a mixture of surfactant, water and seawater.
Carbon steel is the most suitable material use to produce oil and gas pipelines.
Microstructure of the carbon steel coupons before the immersion is quite similar for all tests because of the same material used.
Moritis (2010), Oil and Gas Journal, 108 (14) 41-44 [3].
Hashemi (2006), Foundations of Material Science and Engineering.

The technologies include solid modeling, finite element meshing, loading of the moving laser source and secondary developing of APDL language. laser cutting; finite element method; simulation Keywords: laser cutting; finite element method; simulation Introduction Laser is known as a universal machining tools and laser machining technology has played an increasingly important role in improving product quality and productivity, which is an ideal and practical new means for material processing technology.
The processed materials are isotropic, that is, the thermal physical properties have nothing to do with position.
X Y Z Fig.1 Scheme of laser cutting Finite element simulation technology The finite element method is the most effective computation method in science research.
Kang: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 177, No.1-3 (2006), p.653-657

Modeling and Simulition of Hydraulic AGC System for 1100mm Cold Rolling Mill Gao Qi-ming1, a, Li Jun-fu 2,b , Zhao Guo-qing1,c 1 Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Handan College, Handan, China 2 School of Resource Science, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China a gaoqiming1983@yahoo.com.cn, bHd_lijunfu@yahoo.com.cn, czgq63@eyou.com Keywords: Cold rolling mill, Hydraulic AGC system, Dynamic model, Simulation Abstract.
Introduction The strips are more and more widely used in industrial areas, so the quality of the strips material has become higher and higher.
thickness Cylinder displacement exit thickness Fig. 3 Incoming material thickness' effect As shown in Fig. 3, the incoming strip thickness difference is a main reason of the exit thickness deviation, therefore, 1100mm rolling mill has thickness gauge on both sides of the rack for feedforward control.
By comparing the measured signal, the model is verified correct, This paper compares and analyses the influence of the incoming material's thickness difference and hardness changes, feedforward compensation and the bouncing compensation on exit thickness.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 17(1), p. 114-116,2004 [3] Gao Ying-jie, Zhao Jing-yi, Kong Xiang-dong, Dynamic simulation of hydraulic AGC system in a strip mill[J].

The design concept is expressed through real material, models, blueprints and sample plates in the whole process.
And the establishment of model could reach an effect of real car by applying materials to the virtual model and rendering (Fig.2).
The infinite experiment of material and color change can almost be realized without any cost.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period (2006BAF02A02-02) and the System Research for Educating and Training Outstanding Industrial Design Engineers Program of Anhui Province Education Department (Grant No. 20100120).
The International Journal of Virtual Reality, 2006, 5(2):31-36