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A Hybrid Approach of ANN and HMM for Cutting Chatter Monitoring Chunliang ZHANG1, a, Xia YUE2, b, Yongtao JIANG3,c, and Wei ZHENG1,d 1 Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China 2 South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China 3 University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China a nhzcl@163.com, bsmnsss@163.com, cjiangyongtao5311@163.com, dwzheng@163.com Key words: cutting chatter, condition monitoring, hidden Markov model, artificial neural network Abstract: The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) offers a powerful framework for temporal modeling of features extracted from time varying signals, and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been widely used for pattern recognition, time series prediction, and optimization and forecasting.
Introduction Machining operations are material removal processes that have been widely used and play an important role in the modern manufacturing engineering.
Cutting state classification is the key step to cutting chatter monitoring.

Unified Fracturing Design for Water Injection Well Under Steady State Flow Regime Dan Luo1,a, Zhaozhong Yang1,b,Xiaogang Li1,c and Zhou Su1,d 1State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Figure (refer with: Fig. 1) shows the proportions of different qualities of oil reservoirs. [1] Reservoir engineers always consider that pressure is the soul of a reservoir.
To push the limit of the injective ability, induced fracture design optimization which is also the key to successful treatment, should be implemented.
[4] Feng Zhang: The Mechanism and Parameters-optimization of Injection Fracture Pressure Propagation for Low Permeability Oil Field [D].A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Engineer of China University of Petroleum (2009) (in Chinese) [5] J.A.
Conway: Realistic Assessment of Proppant Pack Conductivity for Material Selection [R].

Median Italy: Territorial Diversity as the Cornerstone of Regional Development Donato Di Ludovico1,a, Pierluigi Properzi1,b and Andrea Santarelli1,c 1 DICEAA - Department of Civil, Building-Architecture, Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, Italy adonato.diludovico@univaq.it, bproperzi@tin.it, candreasanta9@gmail.com Keywords: Median Macro-Region, City Networks, Territorial Settlement Systems, Tourist Systems, Territorial Frameworks, Territory Projects.
In this paper, it shall be considered as a coherent and optimal setting for the development of national and European policies, and in particular for the identification of a Median Macro-region [1] as a key area of Euro-Mediterranean development.
In this interpretive model, the Cities, as hubs of relationship flows, and their networks, as more than a material axis of these flows, become areas of systemic planning.
The objective is to integrate both widespread and local networks (central Italy plays a key role in central Europe along the East-West axis as well as the North-South axis).

Therefore, in the "12th Five-Year Plan" of the Ministry of Land and Resources clearly pointed out it is necessary to develop the study of some key problems in the exploration and utilization of Hot Dry Rock and the exploration technology of Hot Dry Rock in the underground 3000~5000 m, such as geological exploration drilling, geophysical exploration, well logging and study of Some key problems and so on.
Meanwhile, the deep fracture deeply cut earth crust, become weak belt, and become the rising channel of mantle material and the heat flow, create good conditions for the base hack, intrusion, convection of magma and formation of Hot Dry Rock, while the deep fracture controls volcanic activity of the basin and the basin basement, and make up the fracture net connected the upper mantle heat source together with fracture in basin.
Control of hazard due to seismicity induced by a hot fractured rock geothermal project [J].Engineering Geology, 2006, 83(3):287~306

Construction and Building Materials, Barcelona, Spain, 2009, 23: 872-877
Construction and Building Materials, 2010, (24): 701–708
Materials Characterization, 2009, 60: 716-728
Construction and Building Materials, 2007, 21(4): 887~893
Construction and Building Materials, 2011, 25: 3649-3479.

Materials and Methods For the acquisition of the below shown images a Hitachi SU8230 SEM was used.
Humphreys, "Effect of experimental parameters on doping contrast of Si p-n junctions in a FEG-SEM," Microelectronic Engineering, vol. 73-74, pp. 948-953, 2004
Chee, "Quantitative Dopant Profiling by Energy Filtering in the Scanning Electron Microscope," IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 138-148, 2016
Khursheed, "Beyond conventional secondary electron imaging using spectromicroscopy and its applications in dopant profiling," Materials Today Advances, vol. 2, p. 100012, 2019
Pichler, "Aluminum Activation in 4H-SiC Measured on Laterally Contacted MOS Capacitors with a Buried CurrentSpreading Layer," Materials Science Forum, vol. 1062, pp. 38-43, 2022

Introduction The practical application of superplasticity (SP) made it possible to create one of the most effective methods of processing sheet materials - the integral process of superplastic forming and diffusion bonding (SPF/DB).
Reducing the processing temperature of materials in the SPF/DB technology is one of the most important tasks for improving this progressive technology.
It is possible to reduce the SPF/DB temperature by using materials with improved properties, having an ultra-fine-grained structure and showing low-temperature superplasticity [9].
Materials Sheets of titanium alloy VT6 and VST2k 1 mm thick manufactured by PJSC VSMPO-AVISMA Corporation were used as the research material.
Hefti Elevated Temperature Fabrication of Titanium Aerospace Components, Key Engineering Materials Vol. 433 (2010) pp 49-55

Post-Forming Experiments 2.1 Experimental Materials and Setup Straight CF/PA6 tubes were manufactured at AFPT GmbH via TP-ATP using Celanese Celstran® CFR-TP PA6 CF60-01 tapes.
Tornero, Composite materials are more present today than ever before in cars, Reinforced Plastics. 59 (2015) 131
Sultan, 1 - Processing of hybrid polymer composites—a review, Hybrid Polymer Composite Materials. (2017) 1–22
Nakai, Development of bend-forming technologies on CFRTP tube, 21st International Conference on Composite Materials. (2019) 6
Turner, et al, Rapidly converging multigrid reconstruction of cone-beam tomographic data, SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications. 9967 (2016).

Such alloys are especially important for aerotechnics and spacecraft engineering [1, 2].
An important task for the current research is exploring and analyzing other ways of reducing the coefficient of linear expansion of these materials.
Kablov, Aviation materials science: results and prospects, paper in the Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 (2002), vol. 72, p. 3-12
Antipov, Strategy of development of titanic, magnesian, beryllium and aluminum alloys, paper in the Aviation materials and technologies, VIAM, Moscow, 2012, 157-167
Goltsov, Fundamentals of hydrogen treatment of materials, Progress in Hydrogen Treatment of Materials, Kassiopeya Ltd, Donetsk, 2001, 161-184

Experimental section The tests were carried out in the adiabatic test equipment of Scientific Research Laboratory of building constructions and materials "Politekh-SKiM-Test".
Sievert, Use of alternative raw materials for cement clinker production, Cement International. 1 (2006) 54-63
Makarova, The analysis of fire-resistant composites, Contemporary Engineering Science. 8 (2015) 667-671
Research, nanosystems and resource-saving technologies in the construction materials industry, Belgorod. (2010) 102-106
Modern technologies in the industry of building materials and construction industry, Belgorod. (2005) 96-98