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Its diffraction peaks agree well with the standard card of K2Ti6O13 (JCPDS Card 040-0403).
Crystalline phase of PTW after treated by 1M HCl solution at 60 oC for 48 h and 1 M NaOH solution at 60 oC for 48 h, respectively, retained K2Ti6O13 phase (JCPDS Card 040-0403) as shown in Fig.1b.
(a) (b) (a) (b) (c) 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 CO 23 1490 cm -1 CO 23 1422 cm-1 b a Transmittion (%) 456 cm-1 758 cm -1 721 cm-1 935 cm-1 PO34 1030 cm-1 Wave number (cm-1) Fig.4 FTIR spectra of PTW treated by 1 M HCl and 1 M NaOH solutions, respectively, after soaked in SBF solution for 0 day (a) and 7 days (b).

It can be seen that Mg (JCPDS Powder Diffraction Data Card N° 35- 0821) and Ni (JCPDS Powder Diffraction Data Card N° 04-0850) peaks are well defined in the sample after 2 h of MA (Fig. 1A).
Nanocrystalline Mg2Ni (JCPDS Powder Diffraction Data Card N° 35-1225) is formed after 200 h MA (see Fig 1 C and Table 1).
The MA process allows to produce nanocrystalline microstructure of both Mg2Ni covered by Ni, providing largest number of hydrogen desorption sites and the shortest length for hydrogen to diffuse out of Mg2Ni.

Phase composition of the obtained OCP powder was confirmed by a conventional XRD analysis (diffractometer Shimadzu XRD-6000, CuKα radiation, JCPDS database, card number 26-1056 [9]).
Phase composition of the obtained DCPD powder was confirmed by the conventional XRD analysis (JCPDS database, card number 72-0713 [9]).
P63/m, card number 72-1243 [9]).
Ia (9), card number 72-0713) [9]).
Vol. 432 (2010), p. 178 [9] International Centre for Diffraction Data, Database JCPDS (2000) [10] S.X.

As result, a number of photocatalysts have been investigated with the aim of improving activity , stability in the irradiated aqueous environment and easy seperation from the solution Recently, some researchers have synthesized novel photocatalysts with higher photocatalytic activities, such as ZnWO4 [5] and ABO4 (A=Bi, In, B=V, Nb, Ta) [6].
In order to investigate the phase structures of the as-prepared, the samples were characterized by XRD, the characterization results shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 1 XRD patterns of photocatalysts calcined under different temperature It shows that samples without calcination were Cu3 (V2O7) (OH) 2 (H2O) 2 phase, being consistent with the standard card JCPDS 80-1169, indicating that the samples contain crystal water when it was not been calcined.
When the temperature rised to 500 ℃, the sample loses crystal water, the phases were monoclinc Cu3V2O8, being consistent with the standard card JCPDS74-1503.
When the temperature rised to 600 ℃, Cu11O2 (VO4) 6 phase appeared, and Cu3V2O8 phase changed to be triclinic type, being consistent with the standard card JCPDS 49-689.

The powder calcined at 800 °C and 900 °C were not completely formed a single perovskite phase of LSCO due to the presence of impurity phases of cobalt oxide, CoO (JCPDS card no. 43-1004) and strontium cobalt oxide, SrCoOx (JCPDS card no. 49-0692).
The strongest peaks were matched with Joint Committee of Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) card no. 48-0121 with cubic structure (Pm-3m).
The formation of this ultra-fine powder can be explained as follows: · The surfactant which is the polymeric molecule undergoes polymerization with carboxyl group of CA-EDTA via steric interactions by enlarging distance between colloids, thus reducing inter-penetration · A number of gases evolved during the dehydration limited the degree of inter-particle contact.

The XRD pattern of the unheated sample as shown in Fig. 3 displays only four prominent peaks at 35.670, 41.530, 50.760, 60.440, corresponding to the (200), (210), (211), and (310) crystallographic planes respectively, with relatively lower intensities (JCPDS card no: 41-1445).
Additionally, two peaks of Sn at 30.220, 45.320 were observed, corresponding to the (200) and (211) planes respectively (JCPDS card no: 04-0673).
In contrast, the XRD pattern of the annealed sample as referred in Fig. 4 exhibits distinct peaks corresponding to SnO2 crystallographic planes of (101), (111), (220), (301), and (202) at 32.750, 38.140, 57.770, 67.850, 71.790, respectively (JCPDS card no: 41-1445).
Furthermore, a significant peak associated with Sn (220) was observed at 44.010 (JCPDS card no: 89-4898).
Representation of various parameters analyzed through XRD Sample Number Avg.

It is clear to see from Fig.1 that the main crystal phrase synthesized in C-S-N-H system via hydrothermal process was pectolite (corresponding to NaCa2Si3O8OH(12-0238) of JCPDS standard cards), this result showed that the xonotlite crystal phase could not be formed in C-S-N-H system.
However, all the peaks (Fig.2a and b) could match the standard values of the xonotlite (corresponding to Ca6Si6O17(OH)2(23-0125) of JCPDS standard cards) indicating that the xonotlite crystal phase could be obtained in C-S-H and C-S-K-H systems.
A large numbers of irregular spherical particles which stayed in flakes had been found in Fig.3a.

All peaks in Fig.1b and c could be assigned to dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO4·2H2O, DCPD) and dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO4, DCP) corresponding to the standard JCPDs Card 72-1240 and 75-1250, respectively.
This peak appears to be in the position of the Octacalcium Phosphate (OCP, JCPDs Card 79-0423).
This suggests that the synthetic powders are apatite-like crystals and considered to be CDHA according to JCPDs Card 09-0432 [13].
It can be seen from Fig. 3c that each spherical crystal cluster consists of a large number of flakes.

The highest content of magnetite (Fe3O4) compound is found in electronic waste based ferrite powders by referring to magnetite patterns (reference code: JCPDS 01-088-0315).
Based on JCPDS card no. 19-0629, the XRD pattern of sample E-waste depicts magnetite (Fe3O4) phase with nine characteristic peaks at 30.1o, 35.4o, 37.1o, 43.1o, 53.4o, 56.9o, 62.5o, 70.9o, and 73.9o, that are correspond to (220), (311), (222), (400), (422), (511), (440), (620), and (533), respectively.
This fact can be indicated with different 2θ position and number of peaks.
Only E-waste can be defined its compound phase based on JCPDS card no. 19-0629 that is magnetite (Fe3O4) having inverse spinel structure, while, other two samples cannot be identified their phase.

Results and Discussion Fig. 1 shows the XRD pattern of the CuAlO2 powders, all the diffraction peaks match well with JCPDS data card no. 35-1401, showing that the crystalline structure of the CuAlO2 powders is 3R polytypes which belongs to the R3m space group, and has a trend to grow in the (0 0 l) orientation [15].
The measured lattice parameters are a = 2.8553 Å and c = 16.943 Å , which are closely to the standard lattice parameters of JCPDS data card no. 35-1401: a = 2.8567 Å and c = 16.943 Å, the measured lattice parameters also agreed with those previously reported for this material [16] as well.
Fig. 1 XRD pattern of the CuAlO2 powders Fig. 2 XRD patterns of CuAlO2 ceramic The XRD patterns of the CuAlO2 ceramics are shown in Fig. 2, all the diffraction peaks match well with JCPDS data card no. 35-1401, no other peaks are detected in the bulk samples, which indicates when the sintering temperature is over 1000 ℃, all the samples are pure CuAlO2.
Even at the shortest holding time (5 h), all the diffraction peaks match well with JCPDS data card no. 35-1401.
Moreover, it should be noted that the number of elongated grains and the degree of elongation in elongated grains increase with sintering temperatures.