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INTRODUCTION Polymer materials are mainly used as insulators because of their low thermal and electrical conductivity.
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY MODELS Several theoretical and empirical models have been proposed to predict the effective thermal conductivity of composite materials.
For a two-component composite, the simplest alternatives would be with the materials arranged in either series or parallel with respect to heat flow.
Xu, Thermally conductive polymer composites for electronic packaging, Journal of Applied Polymer Science .65, 2733-8, 1997
Ruetsch,Methods of Predicting the Thermal Conductivity of Composite Systems.Journal of Polymer Engg and Science,16 (9), 615– 625, 1976 [10] Y.P.

The variation of Poisson’s ratios has very insignificant effect on the stress intensity factor of non-homogeneous materials [[6] F.Delale, F.Erdogan, Interface Crack in a nonhomogeneous elastic Medium, International Journal of Engineering Science. 26 (1988) 559-602. ].
The boundary condition of the crack surface is (3) Crack-Tip Higher Order Asymptotic Field The crack tip stress field would be equipped with the same square root singularity as that of homogeneous materials when the material parameters of different composite materials at the interfaces are continuous[6,[7] Z.
Noda, Crack-tip Singular fields in Nonhomogeneous Materials, Journal of Applied Mechanics. 61 (1994) 738-740. ].
The fields are similar to the famous Williams’ solutions for homogeneous materials.
Acknowledgements The research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11172332, No.90305023) References

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The analyses are discussed about the Aluminium and Epoxy-Carbon for honeycomb plate core materials.
Proceedings of the II ECCOMAS – smart structures and materials, paper no.
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But, the fracture remains a key failure mode of these materials.
For homogeneous, isotropic and linear elastic materials, the eigenfunctions or higher order fields are only three ones, i.e.
However, the corresponding eigenfunctions are not available for non-homogeneous, isotropic and linear elastic materials.
Moreover, it is seen from the above-developed solutions that they consist of two parts: the classical solution for homogenous materials and additional terms due to non-homogeneity.
Therefore, if we use the expansions available for homogeneous materials in order to extract fracture parameters from full field experimental data, this could lead to serious errors.

Grid materials of lead-acid batteries through the evolution of pure lead → lead-high-antimony alloy → lead-low-antimony alloy and lead-calcium alloy.
Future trends of the grid materials should be to the basement of Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloys, and adding rare-earth metals has much space to dig.
[11] Li Dangguo, Zhou Genshu, Zheng Maosheng, Orthogonal experimental design of new lead-acid battery grid materials, J.
[13] Li Dangguo, Zhou Genshu, Zheng Maosheng, Research progress of grid materials of lead-acid batteries, J.
[14] Tong Ming Xin, Lin Guanfa, Study on properties of lead-based grid materials of rare earth, J.

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The products with x=0.5~2.0 at 100~500 ºC are P type semiconducting materials due to their positive values.
The Seebeck coefficients () are negative when x=0.1 at 100 ºC and 200 ºC, which indicates the samples are N-type semiconductor materials, while those are positive at 300~500 ºC, which indicates that the samples are P-type semiconductor materials.
The products with x=0.5~2.0 at 100~500 ºC are P-type semiconducting materials due to their positive values.
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