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Heavy metal separation by various nature materials of biological origin, including bacteria, fungus, yeast, algae, etc., has been reported in the literature [2-6].
However these materials is difficult to cultivate.
So a lot of polymer materials have been synthetised and applied to separate metal ions.
Acknowledgments This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21177053, 11175081), the Innovation Project of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province (12K091) and the Construct Program of Innovative Team in USC (NHCXTD07) and University of South China Innovation Foudation For Postgraduate(2012XCX09).
Tayeb, Materials Science and Engineering. 985-989 (2008), p. 28 (In Chinese) [17] L.

Computers & industrial engineering, 2009. 57(3): p. 1033-1042
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering, 2012. 7(3): p. 256-267
Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 1995. 12(1): p. 27-55
Computers & industrial engineering, 1991. 21(1): p. 29-33
Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 2001. 18(2): p. 157-184

Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications Diagnosis of Structural Damage from Non-Stationary Output-Only Measurements Dionisio Bernal 1, Alessandro De Stefano 2 1 Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 427 Snell Engineering Center, Northeastern University, Boston MA 02115, U.S.A bernal@neu.edu 2 Professor, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy, alessandro.destefano@polito.it Keywords: Modal Scaling, Flexibility, Damage Localization, DLV Abstract.
In civil engineering applications it is often necessary to perform the modal identification exclusively from output signals.
Introduction The development of robust techniques for fault detection and localization is an important goal in structural engineering.
[3] Bernal D. (2002), "Load Vectors for Damage Localization", Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE, Vol.128, No.1, pp. 7-14
[5] Ceravolo, R., De Stefano, A., Molinari, F. (2001) Developments and Comparisons on the Definition of an Instantaneous Damping Estimator for Structures under Natural Excitation (Key Engineering Materials. 204-205, 2001, p. 231-240)

It’s the key point to determine the parts layer and parameters layer, and affected by their feedback at the same time, in this way to further improve their structure.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2003, 39(5):82-87.
Abstracting and Exploring Functional Design Information for Conceptual Mechanical Product Design .Engineering with Computer 2000, 16(1):36-52
Tool For the Management of Concurrent Conceptual Engineering design[J].Concurrent Engineering 1998,6(2):111-112
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2006, 42(10) (In Chinese) [10] Hsu W, Liu B.

(in Chinese) [6] Peisheng Jiang, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 28 (1987), p.282-285.
The ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Conference 2009, FEDSM2009, Vol. 1( 2009) , p.611-617
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition), Vol. 7 (December 2004), p.623-627
The ASME Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference 2004, HT/FED 2004, Vol. 2A(2004), p.461-467
(in Chinese) [15] Shengkai Chai, Xingqi Luo, Weili Liao, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 1(2004).

Introduction Finite element modeling is a very important tool to analyze the engineering structures.
Cai, Bridge model updating using response surface method and genetic algorithm, Journal of Bridge Engineering. 15 (2010) 553-564
Gylltoft, Improved bridge evaluation through finite element model updating using static and dynamic measurements, Engineering Structures. 31 (2009) 1477-1485
China Civil Engineering Journal, 44(2) (2011) 90-98
[6] Wei-Xin Ren, Hua-Bing Chen, Finite element model updating in structural dynamics by using the response surface method, Engineering Structures. 32 (2010) 2455-2465

This reduction process is usually divided into the following 3 stages: Restore the symbols to the association of the sign and signified, that means the specific form of symbols, just like forms, colors, materials, technology and so on.
Some of these symbols exist in material form, while some in spirit form.
Science and technology provide technique support for automotive design, as new materials, new technology application on the vehicle model have a huge impact on it.
Since the 80s of the 20th century, fast development of materials science and processing technology, electronic technology, internet applications, computer-aided design applications, as well as aesthetic and artistic knowledge and taste of the advances in automotive design have been more and more reflected.
[4] Lu Fu and Liming Fu: Packaging Engineering Vol. 11(2007), p.148,in Chinese

Du 1,2,a , T.S.Zhang 1,b , H.M.Shang 2,c, X.L.Chen 1,d , J.Ma 1,2,e 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 2 Temasek Laboratories, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798 a duze0001@ntu.edu.sg, b tszhang@ntu.edu.sg, cmhmshang@ntu.edu.sg, d mxlchen@ntu.edu.sg, asjma@ntu.edu.sg Key words: PLZT, PVP360, rosette-like structures, 35% Pb excess, liquid-phase sintering Abstract PLZT9/65/35 thick films were prepared from the solution containing PVP360 (polyvinylpyrrolidone, with average molecular weight of 360000).
Lead acetate, zirconium propoxide, titanium isopropoxide, lanthanum nitrate and PVP with the molecular weight of 3.6x10 5 were chosen as starting materials.
The nearly full densification of the PLZT films annealed at 700°C can be attributed to the occurrence of liquid-phase sintering since 35% excess of Pb was added in our material system.
-M.Lee, W.I.Lee, C.J.Kim, I.K.Yoo, Materials Research Bulletin, Vol.34(1999), p.749-760 [16] Z.

Analysis of Coupled Electro-thermal-mechanical of Micro Gas Pressure Sensor Based on Micro-hotplate Technology Rencheng Jin 1, a, Wujin Zhang 1,b, Zhenan Tang2, Jiaqi Wang2 and Mingliang Shao1 1 Key Laboratory of Micro-system and Micro-fabricating Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China 2 Department of Electronic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China a rcjin@dlut.edu.cn, b zhangwujin82@126.com Keywords: Thermal conduction vacuum gauge, Micro-hotplate, Coupled analysis Abstract.
For the MHP-based micro gas pressure sensor, the MHP is usually constructed by multilayer films in order to enhance strength and reduce the total intrinsic stress, and because different materials have different thermal expansion coefficients, when the sensor is working at higher temperature, the MHP will produce thermal deformation, which will change the gas gap distance between the MHP and the substrate and induce gaseous thermal conduction change.
The former is induced by the temperature change after films deposit, and the latter is formed during the process of the films growth, whose magnitude is relation with material and process.
Thin film material properties used for simulation are list in Table 2.
Thin film material properties used for simulation [8][9] Material Property SiO2 Si3N4 Polysilicon Young's modulus (MPa) 7.0e4 3.7e5 1.6e5 Poisson's ratio 0.17 0.27 0.3 Coefficient of thermal expansion (10 -6K -1) 0.6 2.4 2.8 Thermal conductivity (pW/µm⋅K) 1.4e6 2.2e7 2.0e7 Density(kg/µm 3) 2.3e-15 3.0e-15 2.33e-15 0 50 100 150 200 250 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Displacement Z (µm) X (µm) (a) (b) Fig. 2.

Koohsorkhi2,c 1Department of Electrical Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 2 Faculty of new Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran a mk.tabatabaei@aut.ac.ir, b ghafoorifard@aut.ac.ir,c koohsorkhi@ut.ac.ir [Submitted: December 3, 2013; revised: February 10, 2014; accepted: March 10, 2014] Keywords: Carbon nanotubes, Low temperature, Field emission, PECVD.
Therefore, the choice of a substrate material could be limited [13-15].
For this sample, plasma damage on the substrate was negligible, because silicon is as hard a material as the substrate.
Raman spectrometry is a nondestructive tool used for the morphological characterization of carbonaceous materials.
Casado, Raman spectroscopic characterization of some commercially available carbon black materials,Carbon 33, (1995) 1561