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Their analysis was based in the study of damage threshold reduction.
The creation of metallic nanoparticles in glass comprehends the ions reduction to atoms and subsequent diffusion and aggregation of these atoms by a thermal process (usually, annealing).
However, direct reduction by photonic or multiphotonic processes is not expected for IR laser beams with pulses longer than picoseconds.
Obtained data shows that it is possible the creation of metallic nanoparticles inside transparent glass induced by a near-infrared nanosecond laser, although multiphotonic effects occur for interaction times lower than a few picoseconds (quite faster than those of nanosecond nature).
So we suggest that the reduction of metallic ions in the irradiated area is initiated from plasma formation when the sample was irradiated by a focused nanosecond near-infrared laser irradiation.

Taking the grain yield data from 1980 to 2012 of Jilin Province for example, this paper analyzes the main factors that influences the grain yield based on the principle component analysis method.
Principal component analysis is mainly to study how to explain the internal structure of multi variables with a few principal components by using the idea of dimension reduction[11].
The experimental and simulation results show that, the combined model is used to predict the treatment object, it can greatly improve the prediction accuracy of the model. 1 Materials and methods 1.1 Test data source In this experiment, 1980---2012 year Jilin province grain yield data are used, the data from the "statistical yearbook of Jilin province".
Combining the opinions of experts, selected many influence factors to analyze, these factors are related with grain yield(y), including the amount of chemical fertilizer (x1), large cattle head number at the end of the year (x2), the sown area of grain (x3), total power of agricultural machinery(x4), the effective irrigation area (x5), rural consumption (x6), rural households per capita annual net income (x7), and rural per capita residential area (x8), the level of consumption of rural residents (x9) etc. 1.2 The principal component analysis Principal component analysis has 2 purposes: the first is the compression of the data, the second one is the interpretation of the data.
Select the data of 1980-2009 years as the network training samples, the data of 2010-2012 years as the network test samples.

After 80% reduction, they increased to 325 ± 9 and 425 ± 5.
After 1 h-annealing at 750oC, it varied from only 5% in ODS-Eurofer to 36% in Eurofer-97 for 80% reduction.
The softening curves for 45% and 80% reductions are typical of high stacking fault energy materials like this steel.
For 80% reduction, hardness drops in a much less pronounced manner compared to Eurofer-97.
Further TEM investigation is necessary to obtain more quantitative data.

The percent cold work was determined from the breadth at half-height of the (311) diffraction peak from the data obtained in the psi = 10 orientation of the residual stress measurement.
Fig. 2 Cold work reduction for the 15.5 kN and 30 kN load.
Fig. 3 Microhardness reduction for the 15.5 kN and 30 kN load.
The reduction in microhardness was due to the relaxation of residual stress.
The microhardness reduction rate was affected by the percentage of cold work of the material.

Findings of the research works carried out previously using sepiolite [7, 8], quarts [9] and kaolin [10] minerals as a source for the formation of Si3N4 and SiAlON powders by the carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN) process were disclosed previously.
[supplier's data] Phases SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO K2O TiO2 MgO Na2O LOI* Content [wt.%] 66.86 17.58 0.05 0.16 11.56 0.03 0.28 2.95 0.32 Mineralogical composition of the raw material [wt.%] Feldspar Quarts Kaolinite Others 93.78 4.39 1.43 0.33 *: Loss on ignition at 1000 oC.
The nitrogen flow to the tube system was set as a stepwise manner since nitridation does not occur before reduction, which starts around 1200 o C.
It was however reported earlier on that a mixture of sepiolite and carbon black gave much more reactivity in reduction and nitridation yielding products as low as 1300 o C [7, 8].
That is explaining why a three-modal sized distribution was obtained after particle size analysis of the product powders formed at 1475 oC (data is not given here).

Data of die geometry R, mm r, mm Ψ Φ w, mm 3 1 12.5 o 90 o 15 Fig.1 Die geometry The experimental and modeled results were in quite good relationship.
On Fig. 6 the dependences of area reduction and elongation on number of passes for each route are shown.
For the area reduction (Z) all routes show significant decrease after the fourth pass.
The route AB shows some gains in the value of area reduction after eight passes.
These data show the phenomenon that high strength with high ductility exists together.

The transmission electron micrograph of the ASB in forged and rolled TA2 showed the grain size reduction from ~20µm to 200nm.
A number of quasi-static loading rate studies on this material have been carried out by means of various numerical, analytical and experimental methods, and their results have been published [3、 4].However, the data obtained for this material at dynamic loading and with high strain rates is scanty.
ε ε 'ε σ σ t t t Pressure Control System Strike Bar Incident Pressure Bar Transmitter Pressure Bar Output data Dashpot Oscilloscope Filter Sensor PC Signal Amplifier Strain Gage 1 Strain Gage 2 Specimen Fig.1.
The grain size reduction is of great degree in ASB (from ~20µm reduced to as small as 200nm).

This could be observed in both height reductions.
The microstructure is shown in Fig. 2 along with the corresponding discrete pole figures and the orientation distribution functions for the rotated data.
The entire process was calculated based on the real process data in order to gain information about the pool shape as a function of process duration.
Consequently, the solidification angle is available as field data for the whole ingot.
Since in bulk metal forming the flow stress generally is measured in compression tests, this data was not readily available.

Asama et al. proposed the Intelligent Data Carrier (IDC) with the aim of sharing knowledge among the robots [4]-[6].
In the simulation (Fig.6), 1000 of sample testing data for the simulation was generated by randomly using normal distribution under the condition of standard deviation 0.035 cm and average 1.00 cm.
The generated data indicate the index of the quality.
This is caused by the process of random data generation by the simulator.
Kurabayashi, H.Asama et.al;”Autonomous Knowledge Acquisition and Revision of Dynamic Environment by Intelligent Data Carriers”ROBMEC2000, 2PI-33-035.

Reduction of torque pulsation is always an important topic in the design of PMSM.
The technique analysis the sum of squares(SS) instead of the data.
Permanent-magnet synchronous motor magnet designs with skewing for torque ripple and cogging torque reduction[J].
Influence of machine symmetry on reduction of cogging torque in permanent-magnet brushless motors[J].
New cogging-torque reduction method for brushless permanent-magnet motors[J], IEEE Trans.