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Online since: October 2011
Authors: Chang Jun Pan, Ying Qing Guo
For its ability to access otherwise-inaccessible regions, lower cost of operation, improved data quality, and the ability to acquire nearly synoptic observations of processes in the water column, the AUV is widely used in ocean investigation.
The calculated lift and drag aerodynamic forces, based on the data of Fig.3, are specified with respect to this axis.
In the simulation undertaken the wing areas used correspond to W1 followed by a sequences of wings with area reduce by 10% until area is 10% of W1 together with a final reduction of 5%.
The increase in speed u with reducing area is to be expected since there will be an associated reduction in drag.
A reduction in area greater than 20% is likely to produce entry velocity to damage AUV and/or affect a functionality of payload.
The calculated lift and drag aerodynamic forces, based on the data of Fig.3, are specified with respect to this axis.
In the simulation undertaken the wing areas used correspond to W1 followed by a sequences of wings with area reduce by 10% until area is 10% of W1 together with a final reduction of 5%.
The increase in speed u with reducing area is to be expected since there will be an associated reduction in drag.
A reduction in area greater than 20% is likely to produce entry velocity to damage AUV and/or affect a functionality of payload.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yong Li Cao, Ning Ning An, Na Yao
Low-carbon industrial structure and industrial structure optimization
Rationalization of the industrial structure in the low-carbon economy mode is based on the concept of saving economy, lasting economy and accompanied economy, under the principle to reduction of resources , re-use , recycling , and generating alternative, regarding the use of material energy echelon and closed loop as the path, and by the means of natural resources, reduction , recovery , regeneration, based on enhancing socio-economic development and sustainable use of resources , environment constantly purification, coordination between industry and industry and improve the level of industry association to achieve scientific and rational , long-lasting steady-state growth in the harmonious industrial structure state .
The history of the Chinese carbon emissions and the industrial structure associated According to IEA data , China 's carbon intensity in 1970 is 2560 tons carbon dioxide per million GDP, 1943 tons of carbon dioxide for per million GDP in 1980 , in 1990 it dropped further to 1252 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP ,further to GDP605 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP in 2002 .
According to their forecasts, the data in 2015, 2020 and 2025 , respectively 500 , 436 and 375 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP .
Lack of specialized carbon tax , carbon emission reduction policies has not been strong coordination of fiscal and taxation systems .
Conclusion In order to achieve a low-carbon economy , China must face up to the stage of development and specific national conditions , take the road of "low-carbon development" , the progressive realization of the reduction of carbon emissions in the process of development , and to achieve this goal the most important and fundamental means of upgrading of industrial structure and low-carbon .
The history of the Chinese carbon emissions and the industrial structure associated According to IEA data , China 's carbon intensity in 1970 is 2560 tons carbon dioxide per million GDP, 1943 tons of carbon dioxide for per million GDP in 1980 , in 1990 it dropped further to 1252 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP ,further to GDP605 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP in 2002 .
According to their forecasts, the data in 2015, 2020 and 2025 , respectively 500 , 436 and 375 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP .
Lack of specialized carbon tax , carbon emission reduction policies has not been strong coordination of fiscal and taxation systems .
Conclusion In order to achieve a low-carbon economy , China must face up to the stage of development and specific national conditions , take the road of "low-carbon development" , the progressive realization of the reduction of carbon emissions in the process of development , and to achieve this goal the most important and fundamental means of upgrading of industrial structure and low-carbon .
Online since: February 2004
Authors: Kenji Higashi, Masahide Kohzu, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Tsutomu Tanaka
Therefore, it is expected that ECAE applied during the phase transformation will be also
beneficial for the reduction of grain size.
In addition, it is found from Fig. 1 (b) and (c) that the grain size tends to reduce with a reduction of operating temperature.
Figure 3 also includes the comparative data at room temperature for Zn-22Al alloy.
The process in the comparative data was water quenched from the eutectoid temperature.
Therefore, it was considered that ECAE, during the phase transformation, was an effective process for a reduction in grain size.
In addition, it is found from Fig. 1 (b) and (c) that the grain size tends to reduce with a reduction of operating temperature.
Figure 3 also includes the comparative data at room temperature for Zn-22Al alloy.
The process in the comparative data was water quenched from the eutectoid temperature.
Therefore, it was considered that ECAE, during the phase transformation, was an effective process for a reduction in grain size.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: S. Padmanabhan, J. McGrath, M.E. Pemble, Syara Kassim
Collimated un-polarized white light from a tungsten lamp was focused onto the sample using an 8 cm focal length lens and the transmitted light was collected through an optical fibre to the spectrometer (Ocean optics) and the data processed by SpectraSuite software.
For angle resolved transmission data collection, the sample mounted onto a rotational stage was rotated at angles, theta, ranging from 0 to 65o, measured from the surface normal of the (111) hexagonal plane grown parallel to the substrate surface.
This shift may be attributed to a combined effect of a small reduction in the effective refractive index of the material neff (composite SiO2: air as compared to composite PMMA: air) and a slight reduction in the lattice spacing between the layers of voids in the strucutre as compared to the spacing between the spheres in the parent strucutre, that arises because of the finite thickness of the SiO2 layer grown between the spheres.
The correlation with the Bragg-Snell relationship was further confirmed by fitting the data points obtained to a plot of the square of the wavelength maximum (λ2max) for the stop bands recorded at varying angle of incidence angle, θ, against sin2θ, Figure 4.
The silica inverse opal exhibits a blue shift in the stop band as compared to that of the bare PMMA opal which we attribute to a reduction in effective refractive index and a reduction in the effective lattice spacing of the layers of voids in the inverted structure as compared to that of the layers of spheres in the bare PMMA structure.
For angle resolved transmission data collection, the sample mounted onto a rotational stage was rotated at angles, theta, ranging from 0 to 65o, measured from the surface normal of the (111) hexagonal plane grown parallel to the substrate surface.
This shift may be attributed to a combined effect of a small reduction in the effective refractive index of the material neff (composite SiO2: air as compared to composite PMMA: air) and a slight reduction in the lattice spacing between the layers of voids in the strucutre as compared to the spacing between the spheres in the parent strucutre, that arises because of the finite thickness of the SiO2 layer grown between the spheres.
The correlation with the Bragg-Snell relationship was further confirmed by fitting the data points obtained to a plot of the square of the wavelength maximum (λ2max) for the stop bands recorded at varying angle of incidence angle, θ, against sin2θ, Figure 4.
The silica inverse opal exhibits a blue shift in the stop band as compared to that of the bare PMMA opal which we attribute to a reduction in effective refractive index and a reduction in the effective lattice spacing of the layers of voids in the inverted structure as compared to that of the layers of spheres in the bare PMMA structure.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Worawut Makcharoen
Effect of Platinum Substitution on the Microstructures and Dielectric Relaxation of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics
Worawut Makcharoen1, a
1College of Data Storage Innovation,King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang
Bangkok 10520, Thailand
awarmak77@gmail.com
Keywords: CCTO, Dielectric properties, Perovskites, IBLC
Abstract.
All diffraction peaks were corresponds to the known peaks of the standard CCTO, indexed from the data in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) file No.032002.
It is believed that the PtO2 addition resulted in a reduction in total resistance of the grain boundary [11].
This may cased a reduction in conductivity as a result of lowered loss tangent.
Acknowledgment This work was supported by College of Data Storage Innovation, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang.
All diffraction peaks were corresponds to the known peaks of the standard CCTO, indexed from the data in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) file No.032002.
It is believed that the PtO2 addition resulted in a reduction in total resistance of the grain boundary [11].
This may cased a reduction in conductivity as a result of lowered loss tangent.
Acknowledgment This work was supported by College of Data Storage Innovation, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Liang Du
It mainly consist of data preprocessing, data mining and data evaluation[3].
The data preprocessing can define as the operations as followings: data cleaning, data integration, data conversion and data reduction.
The purpose of data preprocessing is to eliminate data redundancy and data inconsistency, and guarantee data integrity, which finally forms data warehouse in favour of data mining.
Data mining is a crucial part of data processing of knowledge service platform.
Knowledge discovery is very complicated information, data journey of discovery results, which need to have a flexible model base of data mining and additional uses of wide spectrum of tools by repeated operations.
The data preprocessing can define as the operations as followings: data cleaning, data integration, data conversion and data reduction.
The purpose of data preprocessing is to eliminate data redundancy and data inconsistency, and guarantee data integrity, which finally forms data warehouse in favour of data mining.
Data mining is a crucial part of data processing of knowledge service platform.
Knowledge discovery is very complicated information, data journey of discovery results, which need to have a flexible model base of data mining and additional uses of wide spectrum of tools by repeated operations.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Eduardo Alves Portela Santos, Ricardo Eiji Kondo, Carmela Maria Polito Braga, Eduardo de Freitas Rocha Loures
In addition, rationalization consists of a number of corrective actions based on data stored in data base systems.
According to [8], the goal of process mining is to use event data to extract process-related information.
Data such as the minimum, maximum, and average throughout time of the patterns can also be visualized.
Based on these data, it is possible to identify the most harmful and frequent alarms.
Vanhoof, Internal fraud risk reduction: Results of a data mining case study.
According to [8], the goal of process mining is to use event data to extract process-related information.
Data such as the minimum, maximum, and average throughout time of the patterns can also be visualized.
Based on these data, it is possible to identify the most harmful and frequent alarms.
Vanhoof, Internal fraud risk reduction: Results of a data mining case study.
Distributions and Species of MnOx Included in MnOx/TiO2 Catalysts for Denitration at Low Temperature
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Jun Lin Xie, Feng He, Zai Ying Shi, Hua Hu, De Fang
The result of MN data illustrated that Mn4+ was the main form of valence state.
In addition, more Mn3+ and Mn2+ in catalysts prepared at 873 K promoted the NO reduction reaction above 413 K.
Baiker, Chromia on titania IV nature of active sites for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3, J.
Smirniotis, TiO2-supported metal oxide catalysts for low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3: I.
Geus, The reduction and oxidation behaviour of manganese oxides, Catal.
In addition, more Mn3+ and Mn2+ in catalysts prepared at 873 K promoted the NO reduction reaction above 413 K.
Baiker, Chromia on titania IV nature of active sites for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3, J.
Smirniotis, TiO2-supported metal oxide catalysts for low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3: I.
Geus, The reduction and oxidation behaviour of manganese oxides, Catal.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Yu Han Sun, Ya Chun Liu, Li Tao Jia, Zai Hui Fu, Jian Gang Chen, De Bao Li, Du Lin Yin, Hai Tao Wu
The temperature was then gradually increased. the reaction data were collected when the system became stable and exhibited a good mass balance.
Effect of the calcination temperature on catalyst reduction behavior.
The step-reduction peaks of Co3O4 in the catalyst calcined at 650 °C disappear.
Peak θ indicates the one-step direct reduction of Co3O4 to Co metal.
The reduction peak δ of the undecomposed Co salt or Co(OH)2 is also observed in the catalyst calcined below 400 °C; the reduction peak δ of CPMZ-14-250 is weaker than that of CPMZ-14-200.
Effect of the calcination temperature on catalyst reduction behavior.
The step-reduction peaks of Co3O4 in the catalyst calcined at 650 °C disappear.
Peak θ indicates the one-step direct reduction of Co3O4 to Co metal.
The reduction peak δ of the undecomposed Co salt or Co(OH)2 is also observed in the catalyst calcined below 400 °C; the reduction peak δ of CPMZ-14-250 is weaker than that of CPMZ-14-200.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Dao Sen Niu, Xiao Dong Liu, Shou Qun Sun, Yang Liu
Introduction
The fault control measures included in MCU control system play a huge role in the prevention and reduction of accident risks.
Therefore, the peripheral circuit digital/analog signal fault function generated by simulation and the function of simulating MCU internal devices or data fault should be necessary for the development of the fault control measures verification platform.
Thus, the faults appearing in the internal device or data are simulated, and then that the fault control measures of the controller’s internal components are correctly executed is tested.
Data collection and analysis: online data collection and subsequent analysis and data processing are implemented by computer.
In figure 5, 0x55 was written in register A, so 0x55 was shown in register A, and then the data in register A was changed: 0x55→0x56.
Therefore, the peripheral circuit digital/analog signal fault function generated by simulation and the function of simulating MCU internal devices or data fault should be necessary for the development of the fault control measures verification platform.
Thus, the faults appearing in the internal device or data are simulated, and then that the fault control measures of the controller’s internal components are correctly executed is tested.
Data collection and analysis: online data collection and subsequent analysis and data processing are implemented by computer.
In figure 5, 0x55 was written in register A, so 0x55 was shown in register A, and then the data in register A was changed: 0x55→0x56.