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., KE-1, L-64, TX-15, and EL-40.
EL-40 is castor oil polyoxyethylene ether.
Tab. 1 Characteristics of four kinds of PEOEs Cloud point / ℃ (1% water solution) pH value (1% water solution) HLB value KE-1 75-85 7-9.9 14-15 L-64 57-61 5.0-7.0 13 TX-15 90-95 5.0-7.0 14.5-15 EL-40 70-84 5.0-7.0 13-14 Tab. 2 Molecular structure of four kinds of polyethoxylated ether KE-1 L-64 TX-15 EL-40 De-ionized (DI) water was used to prepare all aqueous solutions.
The test results are shown in Fig. 2(a: KE-1, b: L-64, c: TX-15, and d: EL-40), wherein the results of DI water as lubricant were provided for comparison.
Al-Sharif, K.

Bacroix4 1 Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al.
It also enables the calculation of the elastic stored energy (E el ).
We find from our calculations that E el is between 0.8*10 5 J/m 3 and 1.6* 10 5 J/m 3.
In the case of E el its minima are shown (Fig. 4).
Minima of predicted stored energy connected with the second order incompatibility stresses (E el).

This form of wear was studied by Olufayo and Abou-El-Hossein [5].
Gubbels et al. [3, 9] observed the presence of luminescence during turning of polymers resulting from a high electrostatic field.
Olufayo and Abou-El-Hossein [5, 10] also study the tribo-electric charging in single point diamond turning of contact lens polymers.
The results are, however, in agreement with the results of Olufayo and Abou-El-Hossein [5].
Abou-El-Hossein, and M.

The comparison includes the results of: (1) structural characteristics and (2) time history analysis (Lu, Chen et al., 2012).
Computing and Test Program The model structure was also analyzed by using the El Centro, Pasadena and SHW2 wave.
Except the ground motion input of one-dimensional SHW2, others were two-dimensional and the principal input of peak acceleration was set to be 0.035g×2.5=0.09g corresponding to frequently occurring earthquake magnified by 2.5 (Lu, Chen et al., 2012).
Fig.7 demonstrates that the comparison of Direction X acceleration THA of the structural roof between the computing and the test of the scaled model under El Centro excitation of frequent 7.
[3] Lu XL, Chen Y, Lu WS et al , Shaking Table Model Test on a Super Tall-building with High Level Transfer Story[C].

El Kadiri, R.
In the latest case, the strong tendency of the foil to homogenize its remaining effective Al content would upset the difference in the Al chemical potential gradient between the two substrates that is usually affected by the Al time-dependent concentration
However, these results appear to be inconsistent with those of Ben Abderrazik et al.[10] who showed higher kinetics at 900°C for 1200°C pre-annealed FeCrAl alloys than for those pre-annealed at 1000°C.
El kadiri: Doctoral Thesis, ENSMP (2004) [4] V.
El Kadiri, R.

A theoretical study of the effect of applying a lateral electric field on type I and type II GaAs/AlGaAs quantum rings with different Al concentrations in the barrier is presented.
Rossi et al [13] showed that the circular polarization degree of the direct emission can be increased by increasing the power of the optical pump in a Ge/Si0.15Ge0.85 quantum well subjected to an electric field.
Bejan et al. [14] studied the interband transition in triple quantum ring in electric fields.
El Moussaouy, M.
Restrepo, A.L.

Chemical compositions of steel (mass%) C Si Mn P S Al N 0.12 1.37 1.47 0.006 0.006 0.043 0.0056 The annealing simulations were conducted in the laboratory with the Annealing Simulator (CCTAW-Y) on cold rolled sheet.
) 120s 200s 260s 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 EL(%) 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 n Figure 2 Effect of austempering temperature on the mechanical properties (a) TOA=400℃ (b) tOA=260s Figure 3 Effects of TOA and tOA on the n value The optical microstructures of annealed sheets are shown in figure 4, the gray represents ferrite, the black and white along grain boundary represent bainite and retained austenite respectively.
Table 3 shows the mechanical properties of the sheets produced, in which the high TS×EL value make it possible to draw complicated parts.
Table 3 Mechanical properties of TRIP600 (1mm thickness) Direction YS(MPa) TS(MPa) ELU(%) EL(%) TS×EL n r 0 462 646 26.5 38.5 24871 0.24 1.02 45 475 663 25.1 36.4 24133 0.23 0.85 90 475 658 24.8 37.2 24478 0.23 1.40 Figure 6 shows the microstructure of TRIP 600, consisting of ferrite (gray), bainite (black) and retained austenite (white).
(a) Optical (b) SEM (c) TEM Figure 6 Microstructure of TRIP600 observed by optical, SEM and TEM Summary The effect of austempering temperature and time on mechanical properties of TRIP steel was studied and the following results were obtained. 1) Austempering temperature markedly influences on the transformation kinetics of Si-Mn TRIP steel. 300℃ or 500℃ austempering will accelerate the transformation, but deteriorate the formability and the optimum austempering temperature to produce TRIP steel is 400℃. 2) The mill trial based on the laboratory investigation was performed successfully using the industrial line, and the annealed sheet possesses high n value and high TS×EL, making it possible to draw complicated parts.

Processing and characterization of Al-Cu-Li alloy AA2195 Niraj Nayana , S.V.S.
In the present work, Al-Cu-Li alloy has been melted and cast in vacuum induction melting furnace under dynamic inert atmosphere and subsequently characterized after thermo-mechanical treatment. 2.
High purity Al, pure Ag, Mg, Li and master alloys of Mg-5%Zr, Al-50%Cu were used for melting.
Temper Condition T84 temper Single step aging T87 Single step aging T87 Two step aging Mechanical properties Billet 1 Billet 2 Billet 3 Billet 1 Billet 2 Billet 3 Billet 1 Billet 2 Billet 3 UTS (MPa) 469 494 510 448 516 529 494 502 532 YS(MPa) 395 448 430 297 469 476 425 438 478 % El 14 14 14.7 21.7 10.6 11.6 13.6 13.5 11.3 Temper Condition T84 temper Single step aging T87 Single step aging T87 Two step aging Mechanical properties Billet 1 Billet 2 Billet 3 Billet 1 Billet 2 Billet 3 Billet 1 Billet 2 Billet 3 UTS (MPa) 498 504 503 467 522 557 511 517 550 YS(MPa) 422 464 426 305 476 514 453 451 484 % El 12.1 10.6 11.2 20.2 9.9 9.5 13 11.5 9.4 Table 3: Mechanical properties of Aluminium-Lithium alloy AA2195 in transverse direction Optical micro-structural analysis of as-cast and homogenized samples was carried out.
Conclusions In the present work, three melts of AA2195 Al-Cu-Li alloy have been cast in Vacuum Induction Furnace under dynamic inert atmosphere.

Rp0.2 El.
-P., Badrossamay, M., Yasa et al. 16th Int.
[4] Kempena, K., Yasaa, E., Thijsb et al.
[6] Wang, Y., Guan, K., Gao, M. et al.
[7] Cherry, J.A., Davies, H.M., Mehmood et al.

Among others, Lo et al.[1] (1962) treated this problem as a curved beam with initial curvature, Hus et al.[2](1964) approached the same problem by considering a small imperfection on the interface between the ring and the confining cavity, Bucciarelli and Pian[3] (1967) considered the same issue under thermal loading , El-Bayoumi[4] (1972) approached the shrink buckling problem of an encased thin ring using the fundamental principle of the calculus of variations.
References 1 Lo Hsu, el al: Rosenberg R M, et al,eds, 691-695(1962) 2 Hsu P T ,Elkon J ,Pian T H H: ASME Jounal of Applied Mechanics, 31(3):559-562(1964) 3 Pian,T.H.H.and Bucciarelli,L: int.
J.Solids structures 3,715-730(1984) 4 El-Bayoumy L: ASME Jounal of Applied Mechanics, 39:758-766(1972) 5 Youn,S-K and Kyriakides,S: Int.