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Online since: December 2014
Authors: Valeria Olkhovskaya, Artem Trifonov, Anastasia Markelova
The resulting model allows us to quantify the influence of rheological factors on the completeness of the water-oil displacement and to calculate the performance, taking into account the component composition of the hydrocarbon phases.
Taking the Samara Region oil fields as an example, the article shows that the quality of design is unsatisfactory when the bundled software being used does not take into account specific non-Newtonian properties of the high-viscosity oil.
Any high-viscosity oil has structural and mechanical properties and behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid, depending on the concentration of high molecular substances, the component analysis of casing head gas, permeability and temperature.
An unfavourable combination of these factors leads to an increase in viscosity, deceleration of the oil filtration rate, and the progressive bed water influx.
This means that in a certain range of pressure gradients, the rates of water influx will be actively influenced by the viscoplastic properties of the oil along with the rock filtration properties.
Taking the Samara Region oil fields as an example, the article shows that the quality of design is unsatisfactory when the bundled software being used does not take into account specific non-Newtonian properties of the high-viscosity oil.
Any high-viscosity oil has structural and mechanical properties and behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid, depending on the concentration of high molecular substances, the component analysis of casing head gas, permeability and temperature.
An unfavourable combination of these factors leads to an increase in viscosity, deceleration of the oil filtration rate, and the progressive bed water influx.
This means that in a certain range of pressure gradients, the rates of water influx will be actively influenced by the viscoplastic properties of the oil along with the rock filtration properties.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Sun Ig Hong, Jun Hee Lee, A. Joseph Nathanael
It is well known that the texture evolution mechanisms in TiN thin films are influenced by factors such as strain energy, surface free energy, surface diffusivity and adatom mobility.
Also, it is known from previous studies [8,9] that the mechanical properties of TiN film are strongly affected by its preferred orientation, residual stress, and grain size.
These properties were mainly depends on the processing parameters.
There are some factors which may influence the increase in hardness of these coatings, such as the crystallite size, orientation and internal macro stress.
Hence, these adequate nanocrystals formation in higher N2 concentration influences the increase in the mechanical properties of the coating.
Also, it is known from previous studies [8,9] that the mechanical properties of TiN film are strongly affected by its preferred orientation, residual stress, and grain size.
These properties were mainly depends on the processing parameters.
There are some factors which may influence the increase in hardness of these coatings, such as the crystallite size, orientation and internal macro stress.
Hence, these adequate nanocrystals formation in higher N2 concentration influences the increase in the mechanical properties of the coating.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Jia Teng Niu, Hui Min Zhang, Lei Lei Dong
According to the two important factors of the melt temperature and mold temperature, the paper designs three plans, analyzed rubber melt flow front temperature, volume curing rate and volume curing rate at the end of filling in different melt temperature and mold temperature and found the best solution, so that curing time was shorten and production efficiency was improved under the precondition of filling smoothly mold and ensuring quality of products.
During vulcanization molding, rubber change from the linear structure of the macromolecules cross-linking to a three-dimensional network structure of macromolecules, so as to significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties of rubber[3].So the study problem to rubber products is much more than ever.
Lower flow front temperature will affect the melt material liquidity, make the filling difficult and affect the appearance of product.
(a) (b) (c) (a - plan 1; b - plan 2; c - plan 3) Fig.3 Flow front temperature We can see from the graph: the third plan in the three plans has the minimum flow front temperature, and the front melt with the mold filling process has little cross-linking reactions, therefore it is not easy to produce weld marks in meeting point of flow materials and affect the quality of products.
According to the above results, finally the third plan is selected considering the influence of all factors. 3.
During vulcanization molding, rubber change from the linear structure of the macromolecules cross-linking to a three-dimensional network structure of macromolecules, so as to significantly improve the physical and mechanical properties of rubber[3].So the study problem to rubber products is much more than ever.
Lower flow front temperature will affect the melt material liquidity, make the filling difficult and affect the appearance of product.
(a) (b) (c) (a - plan 1; b - plan 2; c - plan 3) Fig.3 Flow front temperature We can see from the graph: the third plan in the three plans has the minimum flow front temperature, and the front melt with the mold filling process has little cross-linking reactions, therefore it is not easy to produce weld marks in meeting point of flow materials and affect the quality of products.
According to the above results, finally the third plan is selected considering the influence of all factors. 3.
Online since: August 2006
Authors: Yuko Hirohata, Tomoaki Hino, Yuji Yamauchi, Akira Yamauchi, Kazuya Kurokawa
The other group of possible mechanism relates the degradation of the mechanical property of a
Cr2O3 scale [14-18].
That is, invasion of water vapor into the substrate is caused by deterioration of the mechanical property of the Cr2O3 scale accompanying the generation of cracks, which is due to dissolution of hydrogen into the Cr2O3 scale or to an originally brittle property of it.
In addition, we discussed change in a mechanical property of Cr2O3 scales formed in H2O-containing atmospheres.
Based on the above results, it may not be adequate that hydrogen dissolved into a Cr2O3 scale results in degradation of the mechanical properties of the Cr2O3 scale.
Based on the above discussion, it could not say that the dissolved hydrogen in Cr2O3 scale degrades the mechanical property of a Cr2O3 scale.
That is, invasion of water vapor into the substrate is caused by deterioration of the mechanical property of the Cr2O3 scale accompanying the generation of cracks, which is due to dissolution of hydrogen into the Cr2O3 scale or to an originally brittle property of it.
In addition, we discussed change in a mechanical property of Cr2O3 scales formed in H2O-containing atmospheres.
Based on the above results, it may not be adequate that hydrogen dissolved into a Cr2O3 scale results in degradation of the mechanical properties of the Cr2O3 scale.
Based on the above discussion, it could not say that the dissolved hydrogen in Cr2O3 scale degrades the mechanical property of a Cr2O3 scale.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Hui Peng, Qin Long Yan, Chong Yang Zheng, Shao Lin Liu, Shi Yong Mao, Shuai Liu
Influencing Factors and Control Method of the Stripping Time of Lining
The decision whether the template can be demolished or not need to be made in two steps.
The factors which influence on judging are as follows: the fallen, sinking, freeze-thaw damage, mechanical damage, water loss, discoloration, durability of change and so on.
(3)The stripping time should also be determined by factors that temperature in the hole influences growth of concrete intensity and cross-section form, span and exterior load of tunnel, and so on.
At the same time, the factors which affect steel trolley time such as overfilling in the top of tunnel, temperature stress etc. are analyzed by synthesis to ensure the concrete quality and construction safety, considering reserve a certain security reserving, taking insurance coefficient K is 1.25, so the stripping strength: σstrip = K σ max = 1.25 x 0.034 = 0.0425 MPa.[4] Determination of the Stripping Time.
According to the calculation above and taking all factors into account, the stripping time of side and roof arch steel trolley is determined as 12h.
The factors which influence on judging are as follows: the fallen, sinking, freeze-thaw damage, mechanical damage, water loss, discoloration, durability of change and so on.
(3)The stripping time should also be determined by factors that temperature in the hole influences growth of concrete intensity and cross-section form, span and exterior load of tunnel, and so on.
At the same time, the factors which affect steel trolley time such as overfilling in the top of tunnel, temperature stress etc. are analyzed by synthesis to ensure the concrete quality and construction safety, considering reserve a certain security reserving, taking insurance coefficient K is 1.25, so the stripping strength: σstrip = K σ max = 1.25 x 0.034 = 0.0425 MPa.[4] Determination of the Stripping Time.
According to the calculation above and taking all factors into account, the stripping time of side and roof arch steel trolley is determined as 12h.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Chun Bin Cai, Ye Li
The nickel-based superalloy GH4169 is widely used in the aerospace industry because of its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties under high temperature and corrosion condition.
Finally, define analysising step, contact properties and boundary conditions
Material Constitutive Model The material constitutive model used to describe the mechanical properties of materials, to express the dynamic response in the process of material deformation.
The flow stress affected by deformation degree, deformation rate , deformation temperature and other factors is very significant.
Any changes in these factors will cause large changes in the flow stress.
Finally, define analysising step, contact properties and boundary conditions
Material Constitutive Model The material constitutive model used to describe the mechanical properties of materials, to express the dynamic response in the process of material deformation.
The flow stress affected by deformation degree, deformation rate , deformation temperature and other factors is very significant.
Any changes in these factors will cause large changes in the flow stress.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Fernanda de Souza de Souza Royse, Hector Reynaldo Meneses Costa, Ivan Napoleão Bastos
The physical properties of coatings were additionally evaluated by microhardness measurement and dilution quantification.
Thus, albeit some metallurgical advantages of Co-alloys, the study of microstructures is always necessary to maintain their good mechanical properties.
Methodology This work analyzes the correlation between welding parameters and the microstructural and mechanical properties of alloy Ultimet® on steel substrate, using the conventional GTAW process.
It reduces corrosion resistance properties and causes other metallurgical problems.
Among several factors that affect the weldability of Co alloys, a careful control of heat input is required to avoid high dilution and the consequent occurrence of solidification cracks [15].
Thus, albeit some metallurgical advantages of Co-alloys, the study of microstructures is always necessary to maintain their good mechanical properties.
Methodology This work analyzes the correlation between welding parameters and the microstructural and mechanical properties of alloy Ultimet® on steel substrate, using the conventional GTAW process.
It reduces corrosion resistance properties and causes other metallurgical problems.
Among several factors that affect the weldability of Co alloys, a careful control of heat input is required to avoid high dilution and the consequent occurrence of solidification cracks [15].
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jin Dong Wang, Hai Feng Shen, Zhen Chao Zhao
The main factors affecting the movement and deformation of the surface
(1)Ratio of mining depth and mining thickness
Different mining seam thickness, resulting in subsidence gob collapse of overlying strata with different crack height, with a high degree of surface collapse crack forms and degrees of movement and deformation damage plays a decisive role
(2)Mining methods and roof management methods Mined subsidence processing methods are mainly based on the top floor and the mechanical properties of rock layers composition, thickness coal seam, the special requirements of the ground (rivers, railways, buildings under mining) and other factors to select [2]
Depending on the different risk factors that impact on the natural gas pipeline, and now scores of the factors given in Table 1-2 were mining methods, ratio of mining depth and thickness, overlying lithology, subsidence gob formation time, the level of distortion , tilt effect radius, and the sinking value of the mined subsidence type score.
Inflection point offset d = 0.05H, subsidence coefficient =0.8, mainly affecting the tangent tgβ = 2.0, horizontal movement coefficient b = 0.25[7].
(2) Using AHP to the previous analysis of influencing factors evaluation, building subsidence gob gas pipeline risk assessment system
(2)Mining methods and roof management methods Mined subsidence processing methods are mainly based on the top floor and the mechanical properties of rock layers composition, thickness coal seam, the special requirements of the ground (rivers, railways, buildings under mining) and other factors to select [2]
Depending on the different risk factors that impact on the natural gas pipeline, and now scores of the factors given in Table 1-2 were mining methods, ratio of mining depth and thickness, overlying lithology, subsidence gob formation time, the level of distortion , tilt effect radius, and the sinking value of the mined subsidence type score.
Inflection point offset d = 0.05H, subsidence coefficient =0.8, mainly affecting the tangent tgβ = 2.0, horizontal movement coefficient b = 0.25[7].
(2) Using AHP to the previous analysis of influencing factors evaluation, building subsidence gob gas pipeline risk assessment system
Online since: August 2017
Authors: S. Vincent, Ketul Arvindbhai Patel, Ganesh R. Karthikeyan
Determining mechanical properties of Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMGs) requires synthesizing of the alloys in bulk form.
The introduction of crystalline phases at right fractions and sizes, have improved the mechanical properties [3, 4].
The mechanical properties of each of the three regions were then assigned to its respective pixel groups for the analysis.
These mechanical properties include Young’s Modulus (E) and Poisson ratio (v).
[20] Kawahara K, Kaneno Y, Kakitsuji A, Takasugi T, Microstructural factors affecting hardness property of dual two-phase intermetallic alloys based on Ni3Al–Ni3V pseudo-binary alloy system, Intermetallics 17. (2009) 938-944.
The introduction of crystalline phases at right fractions and sizes, have improved the mechanical properties [3, 4].
The mechanical properties of each of the three regions were then assigned to its respective pixel groups for the analysis.
These mechanical properties include Young’s Modulus (E) and Poisson ratio (v).
[20] Kawahara K, Kaneno Y, Kakitsuji A, Takasugi T, Microstructural factors affecting hardness property of dual two-phase intermetallic alloys based on Ni3Al–Ni3V pseudo-binary alloy system, Intermetallics 17. (2009) 938-944.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Naoki Asakawa, Hidetake Tanaka, Kaoru Hoshino
We have already proposed a calculation method of form difference between workpiece and its CAD data quantitatively in order to assess how workpiece formed accurately and to identify primary factors for the formability.
However the actual system is affected by inner/outer noise factors and the relationship between the input and output of the system cannot behave as a simple linear model.
On the other hand, feed for hammering and depth of hammering don’t affect SN ratio largely but affect the gain.
In addition to that, the effects from the two parameters on the gain indicate similar property.
Building Feedback system It is revealed that the effects to the gain from the parameters are similar property for various shapes.
However the actual system is affected by inner/outer noise factors and the relationship between the input and output of the system cannot behave as a simple linear model.
On the other hand, feed for hammering and depth of hammering don’t affect SN ratio largely but affect the gain.
In addition to that, the effects from the two parameters on the gain indicate similar property.
Building Feedback system It is revealed that the effects to the gain from the parameters are similar property for various shapes.