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Online since: November 2014
Authors: Jian Yong Zhang, Zhuo Chen, Hai Jiao Hou, Ke Qing Zhao
Experimental results show that this control technology model can better deal with data processing under the car networking.
Working process of this system is shown in Figure 2.Vehicles obtain position data by using mobile phone and send the position data to service center control, while the service center control submits a great deal of position information(road database) from vehicle intelligent mobile phone terminal to operational analysis center for analyzing and predicting.
This is because data transmission between cluster head in LEACH algorithm and BS adopts single hop communication mode with larger consumption.
Moreover, this algorithm introduces priority to improve multi-hop routing construction strategy and reduces data transmission consumption between cluster data.
Therefore, its reduction rate of network rest energy is the slowest.
Working process of this system is shown in Figure 2.Vehicles obtain position data by using mobile phone and send the position data to service center control, while the service center control submits a great deal of position information(road database) from vehicle intelligent mobile phone terminal to operational analysis center for analyzing and predicting.
This is because data transmission between cluster head in LEACH algorithm and BS adopts single hop communication mode with larger consumption.
Moreover, this algorithm introduces priority to improve multi-hop routing construction strategy and reduces data transmission consumption between cluster data.
Therefore, its reduction rate of network rest energy is the slowest.
Online since: February 2004
Authors: Katsuo Syoji, Tsunemoto Kuriyagawa, Y. Fan, T. Tachibana, Yong Bo Wu, M. Kato
It is
apparent that Eq. (1) may be used to calculate the reduction in radius at the grinding point for every
step when the values f the other three, i.e., feed-in, reduction in radius at blade contact point, and shoe
contact point, are already known.
Consequently, 360 data regarding 360° of radius reduction can be obtained whenever the calculation of a whole revolution (360 steps) of workpiece has been finished.
The workpice profiles and roundness are then calculated from data regarding 360° of each revolution, leading to the obtaining of the final profile and roundness of the workpiece after grinding for N revolutions when the grinding cycle has been completed.
The average value of the three roundness data is then regarded as the roundness under the given geometrical arrangement.
After resetting the geometrical arrangement and performing the same grinding and measuring processes as described above, other roundness data are obtained for the corresponding conditions.
Consequently, 360 data regarding 360° of radius reduction can be obtained whenever the calculation of a whole revolution (360 steps) of workpiece has been finished.
The workpice profiles and roundness are then calculated from data regarding 360° of each revolution, leading to the obtaining of the final profile and roundness of the workpiece after grinding for N revolutions when the grinding cycle has been completed.
The average value of the three roundness data is then regarded as the roundness under the given geometrical arrangement.
After resetting the geometrical arrangement and performing the same grinding and measuring processes as described above, other roundness data are obtained for the corresponding conditions.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Pei Yong Wang, Tian Fang Xie
Skottene and Rian [2] studied NOx formation numerically in the premixed hydrogen flames and compared them with the experimental data.
Li et al. [8] has proved the accuracy of the kinetic mechanism for NOx emission; compared with experiment data, the difference for flame temperature and NOx emission are within 30 K and 2 ppm respectively, which are within the experiment uncertainty.
Effects of stretch rate on NO production Fig. 4 shows the NO formation data with different stretch rates.
NO formation data with different stretch rates. (466.67, 800, 2000, and 8000, respectively) For reaction NH + O = NO + H, according to the Arrhenius reaction rate (1) where the empirical parameter b and the activation energy Ea both equal 0.
The reduction of the integration term of H2 consumption is caused by the reduction of reaction rate due to lower temperature and the combustion zone thickness as stretch rate increases.
Li et al. [8] has proved the accuracy of the kinetic mechanism for NOx emission; compared with experiment data, the difference for flame temperature and NOx emission are within 30 K and 2 ppm respectively, which are within the experiment uncertainty.
Effects of stretch rate on NO production Fig. 4 shows the NO formation data with different stretch rates.
NO formation data with different stretch rates. (466.67, 800, 2000, and 8000, respectively) For reaction NH + O = NO + H, according to the Arrhenius reaction rate (1) where the empirical parameter b and the activation energy Ea both equal 0.
The reduction of the integration term of H2 consumption is caused by the reduction of reaction rate due to lower temperature and the combustion zone thickness as stretch rate increases.
Online since: February 2026
Authors: Vina Octavia Azzahra, Dwi Sapri Ramadhan, Safira Kanza, Dian Wardana, Rizal Mustofa
Only peer-reviewed articles and full-text conference proceedings reporting experimental or comparative data were considered.
The mechanical pretreatments considered were particle size reduction by grinding, bruising, high-shear mixing, UAHD, SE, and DIC.
Data Extraction Data were extracted independently by two reviewers via a piloted form.
Particle-Size Reduction and Mechanical Comminution.
Across all the matrices, fitting first-order models to pilot data provides estimates of the kinetic constant (k) and asymptotic yield (Y∞), enabling the optimization of operating conditions according to product goals, whether maximizing speed, preserving minor volatiles, or lowering the carbon footprint of processing [8,41,50].
The mechanical pretreatments considered were particle size reduction by grinding, bruising, high-shear mixing, UAHD, SE, and DIC.
Data Extraction Data were extracted independently by two reviewers via a piloted form.
Particle-Size Reduction and Mechanical Comminution.
Across all the matrices, fitting first-order models to pilot data provides estimates of the kinetic constant (k) and asymptotic yield (Y∞), enabling the optimization of operating conditions according to product goals, whether maximizing speed, preserving minor volatiles, or lowering the carbon footprint of processing [8,41,50].
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Bin Zhou, Li Li Chen, Chun Li Hu, Lin Gen Wang, Song Lin Mu
Introduction
The circular economy is the pattern of economic growth, characterized by waste reduction re-use, and reclamation in material cycle, and regarding improving resource productivity by a large margin as a means, and taking achieving a paperless economic growth as a goal[1].
While the others are negative indexes, the smaller the better. the original data from Ningbo Statistical Yearbook is dimensionless treated according to the range normalization method.
(2)Resources-reduction subsystem in the evaluation results appears a wavy upward, the maximum(1.00) and the minimum value (0.18) respectively in 2011 and 2001, But there was a slight fluctuations in 2004 and 2007.
The change concerned greatly with the "reduction, re-use, resource-based" principle adhered to by Ningbo, the encouragement to use information technology and ecological technology, the efforts to reduce resource consumption and waste emissions, improved the efficiency of resource use.
The sites strengthen the industrial chain matching, urge symbiotic relationship among the enterprises, realize the transfer between material and energy gradually, and recycle of resources use and pollutant emission reduction
While the others are negative indexes, the smaller the better. the original data from Ningbo Statistical Yearbook is dimensionless treated according to the range normalization method.
(2)Resources-reduction subsystem in the evaluation results appears a wavy upward, the maximum(1.00) and the minimum value (0.18) respectively in 2011 and 2001, But there was a slight fluctuations in 2004 and 2007.
The change concerned greatly with the "reduction, re-use, resource-based" principle adhered to by Ningbo, the encouragement to use information technology and ecological technology, the efforts to reduce resource consumption and waste emissions, improved the efficiency of resource use.
The sites strengthen the industrial chain matching, urge symbiotic relationship among the enterprises, realize the transfer between material and energy gradually, and recycle of resources use and pollutant emission reduction
Online since: May 2004
Authors: A. Ishmaku, Ke Ping Han
The first type is the CD sample and the second one, CR, was the sectioned sample which
was cold- rolled (CR) to a reduction of 45%, heat-treated at 300°C for 0.5 hour, and cold-rolled
again to a reduction of 45%.
The total reduction is about 71%.
The orientation distribution function (ODF, f (g)) was calculated from incomplete {111}Cu, {200}Cu, {220}Cu, {311}Cu, and {110}Nb, {211}Nb, {200}Nb pole figures by the XPert Texture software based on the WilliamsImhof-Matthies-Vinel method after correction of the data with respect to measured background and calculated defocusing error.
However, only in the late stage of deformation, such as reduction-in-area larger than 80%, the intensity of the {110}<112> is stronger than the {110}<001> component.
The total cold-rolling reduction-in-area is about 71% for sample CR.
The total reduction is about 71%.
The orientation distribution function (ODF, f (g)) was calculated from incomplete {111}Cu, {200}Cu, {220}Cu, {311}Cu, and {110}Nb, {211}Nb, {200}Nb pole figures by the XPert Texture software based on the WilliamsImhof-Matthies-Vinel method after correction of the data with respect to measured background and calculated defocusing error.
However, only in the late stage of deformation, such as reduction-in-area larger than 80%, the intensity of the {110}<112> is stronger than the {110}<001> component.
The total cold-rolling reduction-in-area is about 71% for sample CR.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Jun Wei Zhou, Yong Tao Zhao, Zong Chang Liu
Elongation and reduction of area are looked as plasticity index of metal materials.
By measuring, elongation and reduction of area of 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in different welding wire are as table5, in which, 1# stands for 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in ER308 welding wire, 2# stands for 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in H1Cr21Ni10Mn7Mo welding wire, 3# stands for 2Cr13 base metal, 4# stands for 1Cr18Ni9Ti base metal.
Table 5 Elongation and reduction of area of 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in different welding wire Number 1# 2# 3# 4# l0/mm 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 l1/mm 63.40 54.88 58.73 76.69 δ 26.80% 9.76% 17.46% 53.38% S0/mm 37.40 41.55 41.29 37.64 S1/mm 20.63 38.67 26.71 21.97 ψ 44.84% 6.96% 35.31% 41.63% These data can de compared horizontally on the basis of same experiment, From table5,elongation of welding joint filled in ER308 welding wire is 26.80%, reduction of area is 44.84%;elongation of welding joint filled in H1Cr21Ni10Mn7Mo welding wire is 9.76%,reduction of area is 6.96%;elongation of 2Cr13 martensite stainless steel is 17.46%,reduction of area is 35.31%;elongation of 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenite stainless steel is 53.38%,reduction of area is 41.63%.
By measuring, elongation and reduction of area of 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in different welding wire are as table5, in which, 1# stands for 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in ER308 welding wire, 2# stands for 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in H1Cr21Ni10Mn7Mo welding wire, 3# stands for 2Cr13 base metal, 4# stands for 1Cr18Ni9Ti base metal.
Table 5 Elongation and reduction of area of 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 2Cr13 welding joint filled in different welding wire Number 1# 2# 3# 4# l0/mm 50.00 50.00 50.00 50.00 l1/mm 63.40 54.88 58.73 76.69 δ 26.80% 9.76% 17.46% 53.38% S0/mm 37.40 41.55 41.29 37.64 S1/mm 20.63 38.67 26.71 21.97 ψ 44.84% 6.96% 35.31% 41.63% These data can de compared horizontally on the basis of same experiment, From table5,elongation of welding joint filled in ER308 welding wire is 26.80%, reduction of area is 44.84%;elongation of welding joint filled in H1Cr21Ni10Mn7Mo welding wire is 9.76%,reduction of area is 6.96%;elongation of 2Cr13 martensite stainless steel is 17.46%,reduction of area is 35.31%;elongation of 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenite stainless steel is 53.38%,reduction of area is 41.63%.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Jun Di Yu, Zhi Qiang Rao
The up and down trip directions of the buses are roughly comparable. 2989s time data totaling 10107 datasets were obtained during the obtained, and the transient output voltages and currents of the buses were taken.
Using battery electric vehicles as a substitute for public transition lines based on conventional vehicles has great potential for emission reduction.
These are equivalent to a reduction of 95%, 99%, 89% and 87%, respectively.
The older the vehicles used in the substituted line, the higher the emission reduction effect.
Conclusions After follow-up analysis of the immense emission reduction potential displayed by battery electric buses of different technical levels over many years, Pure electric car is cheaper than gasoline savings.
Using battery electric vehicles as a substitute for public transition lines based on conventional vehicles has great potential for emission reduction.
These are equivalent to a reduction of 95%, 99%, 89% and 87%, respectively.
The older the vehicles used in the substituted line, the higher the emission reduction effect.
Conclusions After follow-up analysis of the immense emission reduction potential displayed by battery electric buses of different technical levels over many years, Pure electric car is cheaper than gasoline savings.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ario Sunar Baskoro, Rizki Arief Wicaksana, Pither Supermando
When the filler melts, it cause mechanical pressure to push each sample and cause a reduction in the thickness of the filler.
Displacement data was retrieved and analyzed by using image processing software.
Measurement of Displacement Data Analysis Displacement Analysis of the Pressure.
When the filler melts, mechanical pressure pushes each sample and causes a reduction in the thickness of the filler.
Displacement data was retrieved and analyzed by using image processing software.
Measurement of Displacement Data Analysis Displacement Analysis of the Pressure.
When the filler melts, mechanical pressure pushes each sample and causes a reduction in the thickness of the filler.