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Introduction Geotechnical widely exist in nature, and as a structural engineering application is the most common and most massive materials, because of its porous, heterogeneous and structural property,and under the action of load of its internal structure and mechanical properties of continuous change, make it become the constitutive relationship of geotechnical engineering circles problem.The constitutive model of rock and soil research has two major branches: one is the mechanics of continuous media, through its continuous medium mechanics phenomenological method and dissipative process of irreversible thermodynamics, materials on the macroscopic mechanical response, the material constitutive model;Another kind is the micromechanics, it through the soil microstructure and micro crack (void ) damage evolution process, study material deformation and damage the relationship between variables, derivation of the constitutive relation of material.Although both methods are different, but
The use hypothesis of Sidoroff[4] elastic energy equivalence,role of stress in the damaged material and nondestructive material complementary elastic energy is in the same form .For nondestructive geotechnical materials complementary elastic energy can be expressed as: (3) and for damage of geotechnical materials complementary elastic energy can be expressed as (4) (5) where is the flexibility matrix, the damage effective flexibility matrix, the elastic stiffness matrix, and the stiffness matrix for injury.
It can get the anisotropic damage constitutive relation of geotechnical materials for: (6) Considered ( soil layered transversely isotropic ) material, then reduced to transversely isotropic damage soil damage variable matrix [5], D1 = D2 = DH, D3 = DV.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50978129) References [1] Shen Zhu-Jiang.Theoretical soil mechanics [M].
International Journal of Fracture,1987,33,3-16 [4] Sidoroff F.

Introduction Lowest cost, high efficiency and low ecological pollution have been regarded as the basic characteristics of the next generation of solar cell materials [1].
In addition to the appropriate bandgap energy of 1.4–1.5 eV and higher light absorption coefficient, of more than 104 cm−1, CZTS based solar cells can be fabricated without utilizing any scant and harmful components contrasted with CIGS materials which have been exceptionally investigated as of now [4][5][6].
Mitzi, et al., The path towards a high-performance solution-processed kesterite solar cell, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 95(6): 1421-1436. (2011)
Tauc, Amorphous and liquid semiconductors, Springer Science & Business Media, (2012)
Journal of Electronic Materials, 44, (2015)

In this way, it was tried to combine both metal materials into a material locking or at least into a form locking manner in order to achieve ideal material properties in the final hybrid component.
Thus, the intermetallic phases of Al-Cu compounds tend to be brittle and can crack during cooling due to different shrinkage of the materials.
Conclusion This paper deals with a novel approach for producing Al-Cu compounds and investigations on feasibility to join both materials during semi-solid forming.
[3] Pstruś, J., Gancarz, T., 2014, Interfacial phenomena in Al/Al, Al/Cu, and Cu/Cu joints soldered using an Al-Zn alloy with Ag or Cu additions, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, vol. 23, pp. 1614–1624
[5] Zare, G.R., Divandari, M., Arabi, H., 2013, Investigation on interface of Al/Cu couples in compound casting, Materials Science and Technology , vol. 29, pp. 190–196

The intention is to use the high melting point inert materials in inhibitors to mix in the growing sediment, by intermittently spraying the powdery substance to flue gas on the upstream of heating surface.
The inhibitor used in this research is white powder mixture with a particle size about 74um, the main components of the inhibitor is high melting point MgO, supplemented by a small amount of CaCO3and other inorganic materials.
Acknowledgements This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50976102), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2011DFA61060).
Zhang: Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technol0022ogy, Vol. 28(2000), p.420(in Chinese) [4] GX.Q Ma, Z.Y.
Pan: Journal of Shanghai University of Electric Power, Vol. 23(2007), p.333 (in Chinese) [6] Q.T.

However, cheaper substitution materials such as nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst have attracted greater attention in recent year due to its significant catalytic activity at cathode in fuel cell.
The calculations are performed using the simulation tool of Material Studio®.
Okamoto: Applied Surface Science Vol. 256 (2009), p. 335-341
Ozaki: Journal of Physical Chemistry C Vol. 112 (2008), p. 14706-14709
Ozkan: Journal of Catalysis Vol. 239 (2006), p. 83-96

Results reveal the presence of large residual strain/stress mismatches at the interface region in all the substrate materials, whereas the strains/stresses in the as-coated material are small, seemingly independent of the substrate material.
Thus, coated cemented carbides of suitable substrate materials can potentially substitute bulk WC systems in many applications, in doing so, alleviate the substantial over demand and competitive supply of bulk WC.
Such coatings are formed by the impact of molten fine powders directed at supersonic speeds onto substrate materials with a spray gun applicator.
The selected substrate materials, in order of decreasing CTEs, selected were 2000 series aluminium, brass, 304L stainless steel, 300WA mild steel and super invar.
Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 35 (2012) 288–294

Investigation of Cu species in CuBTC: active sites for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 LI CHUNYAN1,a ,*, SHI YONG2, b , ZHANG HAO2,c, XUE FANGHONG1,d 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. 2Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, School of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
As a new class of porous nanomaterials, MOFs are promising materials for applications in gas storage [1,2], gas separation[3,4] and catalysis[5,6].
Williams, A chemically functionalizable nanoporous material [Cu3(TMA)2(H2O)3]n, Science, 283(1999)1148
Olivo, Catalytic activity of HKUST-1 coated on ceramic foam, Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 153 (2012) 236–246
Hwang, Microwave synthesis of hybrid inorganic-organic materials including porous Cu3(BTC)2 from Cu(II)-triesate mixture, Microsporous and Mesoporous Materials, 1 (2009) 19331-19337

Some experiments show that the red copper is the best material.
Material model and the state equation.
The liner and shell use the Johnson-Cook material model and Gruneisen state equation to describe the dynamic respond process, Johnson-Cook material model is the basic constitutive model for describing the material under the situation with large deformation, high strain rate and high temperature, it is suitable for a great deal of material, include a majority of metal material.
[3] Barry N., Whittaker, Raghu N., Sigh and Gexin Sun: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V(1992), pp.433-480
Shi: Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology, (2007).

The effective diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in the binding materials can be calculated as [7] : (5) Where, ，，is the molecular diffusivity of nitrogen。
is the pore radius of binding materials，cm，M is the molecular weight of nitrogen.
Chemical Engineering Science. 1989, 44:2683-2698 [4] Yang R T, Doong S J.
AIChE Journal, 1985, 31(11):1829-1842
Materials for adsorption Separtation[M].

Introduction An effective CSLP is vital to a construction project as it can improve efficient operations such as minimize travel time, decrease materials handling time by avoiding the obstruction of materials as well as plant movements and ensure safety of a site working environment.
Thus the #1 material lay-down area could service Building 3 and Building 4 and the #2 material lay-down area could service Building 1 and Building 2 effectively.
Building 1 Buildng 2 Building 4 Buildng 3 1# tower crane 2# tower crane Rebar bending plant 1# material laydown bending plant Tool shed 1# material hosit 4# material hosit 3# material hosit 2# material hosit Site offfice Electrician hut Sample room Carpentry workshop 2# material laydown Guard Guard Fig.2 Construction site layout alternative-L2 Conclusion This paper proposed the modified intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS to evaluate and select the optimal construction site layout from the six construction site layout alternatives in terms of the ten essential project-specific attributes, which are out of consideration during site layout alternative generating process.
Zadeh: The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning-I, Information Sciences, vol. 8 (1975), p. 199-249
Li, Multiattribute decision making models and methods using intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Journal of computer and system sciences, vol. 70 (2005), p. 73-85