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The simulation model of the plasticity deformation during the cold roll-beating was established by Kurz.N [2] et al based on the finite element theory, and the forming force, stress value and strain value of the workpiece was calculated.
The method of finite element was employed by Zella.L.Kahn-Jette[3] et al to analyze the contact condition of the involute spline under the axisymmetric loading and non-axisymmetric loading, and the changes of the stress and strain in the increasing torque and the stress concentrating distribution are showed.
Ehab, El-Danaf, M.
Almajid, Effect of Solution Heat Treatment on the Hot Workability of Al –Mg-Si Alloy, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, vol. 6, no. 24, pp. 637-643, December 2009

.%) of FeCrAl Ni Cr Fe C Mn Si Al Zr Y Hf N min - 19.0 bal - - - 5.5 - - - - max 0.3 22.0 0.05 0.50 0.50 6.5 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.01 Specimens preparation Ultrasonic Pretreatment.
The high intensity of nickel oxide and Al2O3 layers on FeCrAl surface substrate are appeared on Fig. 3a and 3b. 001 002 003 a b Point O (At%) Fe (At%) Cr (At%) Al (At%) Ni (At%) 001 67.90 2.44 0.37 0.26 29.04 002 67.37 9.21 0.58 9.40 13.44 003 71.13 5.40 1.15 19.40 2.91 c Figure 1.
The lowest parabolic constant for FeCrAl ultrasonic treatment with SiC and Al2O3 were in 50 minutes and 30 minutes at 1.21 x 10-4 and 1.15 x 10-4 mg2mm4h-1, respectively. 003 002 001 a b Point O (At%) Fe (At%) Cr (At%) Al (At%) Ni (At%) 001 59.79 17.13 2.09 1.64 15.53 002 69.55 7.82 1.44 9.87 11.32 003 73.98 6.44 1.61 15.16 2.21 c Figure 2.
El Messki: Applied Surface Science 229 (2004) pp 233–241 [8].

N = L1/(2δ) = Pa/Sd. (3) Ma et al [5] also indicated the prediction method for dynamic tensile strength of rock materials.
One of the purposes of this fracture test is to estimate the dynamic tensile strength of the rock according to above estimation methods, and we will discuss the relation between the results of the test and the Free surface Direction of wave propagation Direction of reflected wave propagation f e a b c d a' b' c' d' δ δ Pb Pa Pa tp Rock specimen Fig.4 Conceptual diagram for the estimation method of dynamic tensile strength (Ma et. al 1998)assumptions in the methods.
In this figure, δ is the thickness of the fragment, V(tp) Material Density [kg/m3] C0 [m/s] S [-] Γ [-] Water 1000 1483 2.0 1.0 PMMA 1181 2260 1.816 0.75 Composition Density [kg/m3] Detonation velocity [m/s] Pcj [GPa] Slurry + Al 1430 3700 5.5 PMMA Explosive Water Fig.5 Calculation field Table 1 The characteristics of Aquanal explosive Table 2 The constants of Mie-Grunisen EOS is the maximum velocity of the free surface and tp is the time needed to reach the maximum velocity.
Cook: Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 14 (1974), p.227-253 [7] E.L.

The analysis of grinding parameters for surface characteristic, e.g. wheel, workpiece, processing, and mechanical parameters etc has been investigated by Shaji et al [2].
Yin et al [3] have interpreted influences on ultra precision grinding of cemented carbides with the viewpoint of microstructure.
Nguyen et al [5, 6] has verified impact parameters of precision grinding process by simulation.
El Baradie, M.S.J.

J Y Park[5]et al have reported the Amberlyst-15 and Amberlyst BD20 catalysts, which showed good catalytic efficiency for high free fatty acid oil.
S Furuta [6] et al found that WO42-/ ZrO2/Al2O3 has higher activity for both the transesterification of soybean oil with methanol at 250 ˚C and the esterification of n-octanoic acid with methanol at 175-200 ˚C; but it is expensive because zirconium is a rare and costly metal.
Qing shu et al [7] prepared a La/ β-zeolite catalyst by ion exchange method, which shows higher conversion of triglyceride and stability than zeolite beta for the production of biodiesel.
The carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contents were determined using an Elementar vario EL analyzer.

El-Mashade, S.M.
Sato et al., Development of pure green LEDs based on ZnTe, physica status solidi (a). 1 180 (2000) 267-274
Kekelidze et al.
Georgobiani et al., A fine structure of the edge ultraviolet luminescence of the nitrogen plasma activated GaN: Mg films and the ZnO–GaN: Mg electroluminescent heterostructures on their base, Semiconductors/Physics of the Solid State. 6 35 (2001) 725-730

Also, Ismail et al. [13] applied a variety of ultrasonic and stirrer times for dispersing Al2O3-SiO2 hybrid nanofluid.
In another research, Ramadhan et al. [14] investigated the stability of a tri-hybrid nanofluid, i.e.
Ramadhan et al. [14] has justified that the gravity is the main cause of sedimentation.
Al-Oran, F.
El Daidamony, Stability and electrical conductivity of water-base Al2O3 nanofluids for different applications, HBRC J., 12(3) (2016) 227–234

Non-metallic reinforcements can be injected into an aluminium alloy to provide advantages over base metal (Al) alloys.
[18] investigated Al7075-TiB2 in-situ composites made using commercially available Al-10% Ti and Al-31% Br master alloys using the stir casting technique.
Al (1 1 1), Al (2 0 0), Al (2 2 0), Al (3 1 1), Al (2 2 2), Al (3 1 1), Al (2 2 2), and C (0 0 5), C (1 0 1), and C (1 1 0), whereas Si is present in the form of Si (1 1 0). (0 0 1).
Bleiwas, E.L.
Olubambi, Study of microstructural and mechanical properties of stir cast Al (SiC-Mg-TiFe) composite, Fluid Dynam.

Uniform irradiances variation and constant temperature of T=25 °C for proposed method and Chaibi et al, Zaimi et al: (a) Current-voltage curves for SM55-PV module.
Uniform irradiances variation and constant temperature of T=25 °C for proposed method and Chaibi et al, Zaimi et al: (a) Current-voltage curves for KC200GT-PV module.
Comparing the results with Chaibi al.
And Zaimi et al.
El-jouni, et A.

The refractive index as a function of wavelength can be determined from the reflection coefficient data R and the extinction coefficient K using equation: n=4R1-R2-k212-R+1R-1 (2) The absorption edge for direct and indirect transitions can be obtained in view of the models proposed by Tauc et al [7]: αhv=Co(hv-Egopt)m (3) where Co is a constant related to the properties of the valance and conduction bands [8], hv is the photon energy, α is the absorption coefficient, Egopt is the optical energy band gap of the material, and m=1/2, 3/2, 2,or 3 for direct allowed, direct forbidden, indirect allowed and indirect forbidden transitions respectively [9].
El-Khodary, A.H.