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These areas show a clear D band at ∼ 1350 cm-1, the G-band at 1580 - 1585 cm-1 and a second D band at 2680 - 2700 cm-1, which match the expected signals for graphite structures [31].
Reducing the hydrogen ratio to 80/20 results in bigger (20 µm) ballas-like structures.
At a further decrease in hydrogen almost dense cauliflower-like NCD-structures are observed.
Williams (Ed.), Nanodiamond, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2014, pp. 253-267
Carlisle, Macrotexture and growth chemistry in ultrananocrystalline diamond thin films, Thin Solid Films 473 (2005) 41-48

Cellulolytic Enzyme Lignin Efficiently Blended with Polycaprolactone: Thermal, Mechanical Properties and Morphological Evaluation OUYANG Wen Zhu 1,a， HUANG Yong2,b 1Department of Physics & Chemistry, Bozhou Normal College, 2266 Tangwang Road, Bozhou Anhui Province 236800, China 2National Engineering Research Center for Engineering Plastics, Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China aoywzbamboo@163.com, byhuang@mail.ipc.ac.cn Keywords: Polycaprolactone, cellulolytic enzyme lignin, biodegradable polymer, blends.
The structure of lignin varies with its source and delignification methods.
They have reported that OSL alkyl esters and PCL are in a high level of miscibility and the OSL derivatives which possess the alkyl ester substituent more similar in chemical structure to the repeat unit of PCL exhibit a high level of miscibility with the aliphatic polyester, which results in the much higher elongation at break of the blends than that of the neat PCL.
All these findings indicate that the miscibility between PCL and lignin varies with lignin structure and blending methods.
The authors would also like to thank professor Yong Qiang in Nanjing University of Forest for the gift supply of CEL sample, professor Mingcai Chen in Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, CAS for the assistance in blends pr˚Cessing.

Cereal Chemistry 2003;80:773-780
Structure formation.
Cereal chemistry 1990;67:603-605
Cereal Chemistry 2003;80:654-661
Cereal chemistry (USA) 1991

This may be due to the amino acid sequence present in the peptide and polypeptide structures in the LHRH and BSA, respectively.
The overall adhesion forces would, therefore, depend on the charge distributions and positions of the amino acid residues in the peptide and polypeptide structures of the LHRH and BSA structures.
These resulted in a three-fold increase in the adhesion forces of gold-thiol structures, when compared with those of uncoated gold structures (Figure 7).
Furthermore, it is also clear that the adhesion methods that were used in this study can be used to screen the effectiveness of potential binding chemistry and coated nanoparticle targets before conducting expensive in-vitro and in-vivo studies that are needed for clinical use.
Furthermore, the current work provides a tool for fast screening of potential binding chemistry for ligand conjugated nanoparticles that can also be used for cancer detection and treatment.

In the development of composites materials, the matrix acts as a binder of different reinforcements can distribute the stress, provide good resistance to chemical structure and the desired shape to the final product. 
Each type of charge has different properties depending on particle size, shape and surface chemistry [4, 5, 6].
[10] JORG Baller and al, Interactions between silica nanoparticles and an epoxy resin before and during network formation, Polymer 50 (2009) 3211–3219 [11] KI-SEOK Kim and al, Rheological behaviors and mechanical properties of graphite nanoplate/carbon nanotube-filled epoxy nanocomposites, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 16 (2010) 572–576 [12] L.
Verdu, Three-dimensional macromolecular structures, A3045, Engineering Techniques Paris 1993, [19] IREKTI A. and al, « Synthetic Nanocomposite Materials Array and Thermosetting Mineral Fillers » The International Workshops on Advanced Materials (IWAM), in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates, from the 20th-22nd of February 2011

Utilization of recovered palm oil fuel ash as a filler for epoxidized natural rubber composite: influence of filler loading on curing, mechanical and morphological properties Punyanich Intharapat1,2,a, Rattanawadi Nilcharn3,b and Aroon Kongnoo4,c 1 Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (EHWM), Southern University Consortium, Prince of Songkla University 2 Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand 4 The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand apunyanich@psu.ac.th, bnilcharn_r@hotmail.com, caroon.k@psu.ac.th Keywords: Palm oil fuel ash; Filler; Epoxidized natural rubber; Composite Abstract.
The chemical compositions and structure of POFA are also studied.
The later source of filler is a challenging alternative due to growing awareness of the interconnectivity of global environmental factors, the principles of sustainability, industrial ecology, eco-efficiency, and green chemistry and engineering that have been being integrated into the development of the next generation of materials, products, and processes [1].
The chemical structure observed by FT-IR shows the important absorption peak as follows: υ(OH) = 3448 cm-1 of silanol group, υ(CO3) = 1421 cm-1 of calcium carbonate, and υ(Si-O) = 1072 cm-1 and 792 cm-1 of siloxane group.

The new binder system allows the manufacturing of water based magnesia carbon castables with the same properties and chemistry of pressed magnesia carbon bricks.
INTRODUCTION Carbon containing castables play today a key role in refractory lining applications as well as in preformed products in the ferrous and non ferrous industries as well as in chemistry applications.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterise the structure of the materials.
The structures of the residual carbon were investigated by using SEM.
The residual carbon received from resin maintains an amorphous structure.

Due to restrictions on the oxidation of graphite and composite structures and the adsorption capacity of the material was limited.
EPDM is a long-chain polymer with saturated main-chain structure and unsaturated side chain.
Main-chain is saturated structure and the toluene is saturates, because of the structures of main- chain and toluene are similar, EPDM can adsorb toluene.
However, EPDM can dissolve in the toluene for a long time due to having no crosslink structure in EPDM.
Due to restrictions on the oxidation of graphite and composite structures and the adsorption capacity of the material was limited.

Grafting of 4-Vinyl Pyridine onto Polyesters Initiated by Potassium Diperiodatocuprate(III) Jianping Zhang1,a, Yongguang Zhao1,b, Ying Zhao1,cLiman Liang 1,d, Ren Yanjun1,e, and Libin Bai2,f 1Department of Chemistry, Hebei Normal University of Science Technology, Qinhuandao,066004, P.R.
China. 2College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P.R.
At the same time, the structures was characterized by IR .
Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 1998.
Sun, Chinese Journal of Inorganic chemistry. 2002, 2:143-146

Based on the principle of the dissolution in the similar material structure, different solvent extracts differ in its active constituents as well as their contents due to the different polarity and solubility of extracting solvents.
Food Chemistry, 2006, 99: 835–841 [9] J.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2012, 60: 11625−11630 [10] J.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005, 53: 7749–7759 [12] A.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2010, 58: 8231–8237.