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After the 1960s it began to gradually take on the development trend of some science and technology flow, it generally followed the throwing mode that combined some data model and scientific calculation and the angle of throwing shot put and pace and other objective factors that affected forward route of shot put.
Research methods 1) Literature material investigation According to the relevant literature, it carried on the investigation of achievements of our three outstanding woman shot-putters in the international large game and the related index data of their final exertion, the result can be seen in table 1.
With the development of science and technology and the deepening of the training practice, combined with the scientific model of training mode has become a trend of movement.
Journal of Nanjing university,2012(2):101-103
Maximizing the range of shot.Journal of Physics, 2009(8):98-105.

In Rail Quenching Unit, Numerical Simulation Study of the Evolution Rule about Tissue and Stress of Rail Head in Quenching Cooling Lin Chena, Zhi-gang Zhangb, Yu-yan Liuc Material and Metallurgy School, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China achenlin39805@163.com; bzhangzhigang5308@163.com; cliuyuyan39805@163.com Keywords: Quenching; Stress and tissues; DEFORM-3D Abstract.
Acknowledgment China National Natural Science Foundation (51361021); The Major Project of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation (2012ZD09); The Scientific Research Project of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Higher Education(NJZZ12099).
[2] Lin Chen, Zeyuan Li, Guo Chang, Zhiyang Zhang, Fang Zhang, “Simulation analysis on temperature field and microstructure field of 60AT rail in Air Cooling”, Journal of Metallurgical Engineering (ME),Vol. 3,pp.78-83, 2014
[3] Lin Chen, Fang Zhang, Zhiyang Zhang, Ran Wei, “Organization Simulation Analysis of the U75V Cooling Process”, Journal of Metallurgical Engineering (ME),Vol. 3, pp.54-57, 2014.

Numerical Simulation of Electroslag Remelting Process for Producing GH4169 under Different Current Frequency Qiang Liang1,2,a, Xichun Chen2,b, Hao Ren2,c, Chengbin Shi1,d, Hanjie Guo1,e 1University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China 2Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing, 100081, China aliangq6907@126.com, b13311502053@189.cn, cgyrh86@yahoo.com.cn, dshicb09@163.com, eguohanjie@ustb.edu.cn Keywords: ESR process; numerical simulation; governing equations; temperature field; molten metal pool Abstract.
Trial and error approach is inadequate for assessing the relationships between the operational parameters and process performance because of the complexity of the interacting physical phenomena, the high operating and material costs, and the difficulty of obtaining detailed and precise measurements in a high-temperature environment.
References [1] Hoyle G: Electroslag process principles and practice (Applied Science Publishers, London 1983) [2] Lei Zhang, Junping Yao, Bingkun Chen: Foundry Technology Vol. 28 (2007), p. 19 (In Chinese) [3] Lei Zhang, Junping Yao: Foundry Vol. 58 (2009), p. 576 (In Chinese) [4] Lei Rao, Maopeng Gen, Xiaojun Yang: Journal of Nanchang University (Engineering & Technology) Vol. 26 (2004), p. 6 (In Chinese) [5] Choudhary M, Szekely J: Ironmaking & Stealmaking Vol. 8 (1981), p. 225 [6] Jihe Wei, Yongli Ren: Acta Metall.
Vol. 46 (2010), p. 794 (In Chinese) [8] Lei Zhang, Junping Yao, Bingkun Chen et. al.: Journal of Nanchang Institute of Aeronautical Technology (Natural Science) Vol. 19 (2005), p. 23 (In Chinese)

By filling of the moulding forms with thermoplastic materials, parts that can be damaged more or less are barrels and screws, depending on the method of choosing the materials from which they are manufactured, as well as processing procedures.
Richardson, Polymer Engineering Composites, Applied Science Publishers, 1977
On polyamide and polycarbonate composite materials behaviour under dry friction.
Tribological aspects for injection procerssing of thermoplastic composite materials with glass fiber, Journal of the Balkan Tribological Association, Vol.11, No.4, pp.542-557 (2006); ISSN 1310-4772
American Journal of Materials Science 2013, 3(1): 8-18.

A typical starch granule consists of small amounts of proteins, lipids, phosphorus and inorganic materials [5].
The amounts of proteins, lipids, phosphorus and inorganic materials are changing from source to source (Table -2).
Influence of the naturally occuring phosphate esters on the crystallinity of potato starch, Journal of Science and Food Agriculture 55 (1991) 13-18
Abdullah, Chemical modification of SAGO starch by solventless esterification with fatty acid chlorides, The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Science 11 (2007) 395-399
[90] Du Yumin, Xia Zuyong, Lu Rong, Blend film of Chitosan/Starch, Wuhan University Journal of Natural Science 2 (1997) 220-224

Considering the identified needs, materials and methods were suggested for the development of models with specific particularities, appropriate to the real condition of these elderly women.
Materials and Methods To carry out the validation of the research, materials selected for application in different stages were used.
In this stage of the research, it was possible to test different materials for the production of a button with comfort characteristics, having been produced several prototypes in a 3D printer (model Prusa 13) with the raw material in the format of a flexible filament, called thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) – adherent and elastic material.
This work is supported by FEDER funds through the Competitive Factors Operational Program (COMPETE) POCI-01-0145-FEDER-07136 and by national funds through Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the project UID/CTM/00264 financed by Science Without Borders/CAPEs.
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, v. 26, n. 3, p.425-435

Due to the expensive energy sources and raw materials, manufacturing procedures are sought that would enable the production of increasingly complex components at the lowest possible energy consumption and minimum material waste.
All these demands encourage manufacturers to search for new materials, new concepts and new processes.
However, if the processes have to be optimized, the technological limits have to be well defined for various materials and manufacturing concepts applied in the production.
Analytical solution, based on theoretical determination of necking and fracture limit, is not suitable to wide range of new materials.
References [1] Tisza, M.; "New Innovative Forming Processes"; In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Materials Science and Materials Processing, Balatonkenese, 10-13.

Shaban3,c* 1Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Diyala, Iraq. 2Department of Physics, College of Education, Ibn Al-Haitham College of Sciences, Pure, University of Baghdad, Iraq. 3College of Science, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
The concentration of heavy elements in the samples was examined using the X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (indicated by EDS or EDX) apparatus in the Ministry of Science and Technology, to department of Materials Research.
Results and Discussion After analyzing the soil in the Ministry of Science and Technology, Department of Materials, we see a picture of the scanning electron microscope in the studied areas, which appeared in the form of a cluster of particles with a clear protrusion (a, b), which are the components of heavy elements and elements that make up the soil, which are under study, and less Sharpness in the rest of the areas (c, d, e) where iron and lead were found in all study areas, as in the case of (SEM) Figure 2.
The industrial waste and car exhaust should be treated and handle a control law to limit their affects Acknowledgements Thanks to the Ministry of Science and Technology, Department of Materials, for their assistance in analyzing and measuring the samples References [1] Al Saadi and Hussein A.
Science, 180:71-73, (1973)

Joint strength was evaluated to make clear influences of arrangement of joining materials and stirring direction.
Hereafter, the joint A/B denotes one welded when materials A and B are placed on advancing side (AS) and retreating side (RS), respectively.
In FSW of the dissimilar materials, the stirring condition can be easily observed from the micrographs of cross section.
There is an interesting difference in feature of the stirred materials between (a) and� (b) joints.
Ma: Materials Science and Engineering, R 50, (2005), p.1-78

PCBs consist of approximately 30% metallic and 70% nonmetallic materials [6].
Materials and Methods Materials.
Mohamad, A Review on Printed Circuit Boards Waste Recycling Technologies and Reuse of Recovered Nonmetallic Materials, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 3 (2012) 2229-5518
Guanghong, Products Made from Nonmetallic Materials Reclaimed from Waste Printed Circuit Boards, Tsinghua Science and Technology 12 (2007) 276-283
Applied Polymer Science 89 (2003) 2464 –2467