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[15] Hou, R., Li, H., Diao, M. et al.« Fast electrochemical activation of the broadband saturable absorption of tungsten oxide nanoporous film » , Nano Res. 15, 326–332 (2022)
Zou et al., « Structural and optical properties of WO3 films deposited by pulsed laser deposition », Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol. 583, p. 465 470, janv. 2014
El Kissani,A.
El Kissani, H.
El Aakib, A.

El Achaby1,2, El Mokhtar Essassi1,2, Abou el KacemQaiss1,* 1 Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Institute of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies (NANOTECH), ENSET, Av.
Pate et al “Microwave Permeability of Ferrite Loaded Composites: Comparison Between Model and Experiment”, ICF 7, Bordeaux, 1996

In total, tests on 82 rectangular RC columns reported by Pessiki et al. (2001) [6], Wang and Restrepo (2001), Tan (2002), Harajli et al. (2006), Ilki et al. (2006) [7], Rocca et al. (2006) [9], Kumutha et al. (2007) [10], Wang and Hsu (2008) [11], El Maaddawy et al. (2010) [12], Toutanji et al. (2010) [13], Chen et al. (2011) [14], Hadi and Widiarsa (2012) [15], Wang et al. (2012) [8], De Luca et.al (2013) [16], Raval and Dave (2013) [17], Triantafillou et al. (2016) [18], Li et al. (2017) [19], Eid and Paultre (2017) [20], Ahmed et al. (2017) [4] and Kotp et al. (2018) [5] and conducted in the current paper were included in the dataset.
All the existing analytical models except Li et al. (2017) [19] overestimated or underestimated the experimental results ( Fig 1 and Fig 2).
· The efficiency of the proposed model was better than Li et al (2017) model with AVG=0.9775, SD=0.0785, CoV=0.0803and AAE=0.0655.
[4] Abd-El-Rahman Megahid Ahmed Omar A.Farghal Yehia A.K.
[12] El Maaddawy T, El Sayed M, Abdel-Magid B.

(a) El Centro velocity input (b) forces of El Centro wave Figure 2: Typical resulting forces Having obtained the hydrodynamic forces on these cylinders, we fit the data into the Morison equation, which is initially designed to estimate wave loads on offshore structures [5].
Table 1: Least square fit of seismic wave input Coyote Olympia El Centro Parkfield Gengma1 Gengma2 CM 0.779 0.767 0.853 0.799 0.778 0.765 CD 3.63 5.16 2.09 3.78 19.17 18.13 ||FM||2/||Ft||2 97.19% 95.56% 97.45% 98.48% 95.45% 94.01% From Tab1 we can observe that is approximately 0.8, and fluctuates randomly.
(a) Force decomposition of El Centro wave (b) Force decomposition of sine wave Figure 3: Typical resulting forces In case of pier groups, we analyzed two piers, four piers, five piers, and nine piers, to take into account the mutual coupling effect between cylinders.
Figure 5: Frequency contrast of structure with and without water The displacement of this beam bridge excited by the El Centro seismic wave is calculated both in the original structure and in the structure with water, and the maximum displacement in three directions is contrasted for the two cases, which is shown in Tab3.
[4] WEI Kai, WU Yong-ji, XU Can et al.

Sun et al. have found that the outer layer of Ti3SiC2 with 7 vol.% TiC after oxidized at 1200 oC in air is TiO2 [6].
El-Raghy, Synthesis and characterization of a remarkable ceramic: Ti3SiC2, J.
El-Raghy, M.W.
Bao, et al.
Yan, In situ reaction synthesis and characterization of Ti3Si(Al)C2/SiC composites, Ceram.

The estimated activation energy is agreement with those reported by Su, et al. [6] (57.5 kJ/mol) and Yi-Ju, et al. [8] (56.2 kJ/mol).
El Tawil, K.A.
El Barawy, A.S.
El Hazek, T.A.
El Hazek, A.S.

[4] El-Shimy E et al.
[7] Abo-El-Enein SA et al.
[8] Abo-El-Enein SA, Shater MA, Nowar M.
[9] Abo-El-Enein SA et al.: ibid. 1990 ; 87: 147
[18] Lin RB et al.

El-Didamony, A.M.
El-Aleem, Cem.
El-Didamony, Kh.A.
El-Roudi, M.A.
Abd-El-Hamed, Int.

Experimental The chemical composition of the matrix alloy is Al-30Si alloy powder (≥99.8wt.%) with the mean size 8μm.
In the same volume fraction SiC particles reinforced Al – 30Si composites, with the increase of the SiC average size, the SiC particle quantity reduces, resulting in reducement of effects on the control of silicon precipitation and growth in the supersaturated Al-30Si alloy powder.
VSiC and VAl are volume fraction of the SiC and Al particles, respectively. λ is the extrusion ratio.
In the same volume fraction (25%) SiC particles reinforced Al-30Si composite, with the increase of the SiC average size, the SiC particle quantity reduces, resulting in reducement of effects on the control of silicon precipitation and growth in the supersaturated Al-30Si alloy powder.
References [1] RENS B，HE X.B，QU X.H: Composites Science and Technology， Vol. 67(2007), p. 2103−2113 [2] Taha M A，El-Mahallawy NA，El-Sabbagh AM: Journal of Materials Processing Technology，Vol. 202(2008), p. 380-385 [3] J.

Al-Tayeb, B.H.
Al-Tayeb, B.H.
Al-Tayeb, B.H.
El-Dieb, M.A.
Abd.El-Wahab and M.E.