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Fundamental research encompasses metallurgy, physics, chemistry, biology.
Figure 4 shows the final design for the micro-structure mapper which will be commissioned in the winter shut-down 2011/2012.
Fig. 4 (below): 3D-XRD micro-structure mapper with sample-handling in the center part, shielded optics to the right (with free space shown for Kirkpatrick-Baez Multilayer mirrors or Compound Refractive Lenses) and various near-field (3D x-ray detector from Risø [16] or Photonic Science VHR 11 megapixel CCD [17]) and far-field detectors to the left (mar345, mar555).
Typical experiments comprise residual stress mapping of various welds in steels (also depth resoved via conical slits), texture studies of all kinds in heavy atom materials, structure studies of metallic glasses during fast heating, and exotic applications of diffraction investigations of dinosaur eggshells or combined diffraction and fluorescence studies of bronze artifacts.
Summary The HEMS beamline at PETRA III is optimized for the key properties of hard x-rays in the tunable range 30-200 keV – large penetration depth, negligible extinction and Bragg scattering, large Ewald spheres – to investigate non-destructively bulk properties or deeply buried structures mainly in the context of Materials Research, but versatile enough to allow experiments in the merging fields of physics, chemistry and biology.

Chemical modifiers are not popular due to the complex structure of the bitumen.
This is because of the forming of bonding structure and compatibility between bitumen and ENR.
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 49 (18): 8538-8543
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 48 (18): 8464-8470
Sulphur speciation in bitumens and asphaltenes by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy.

In the high concentration OH- ions solution, γ-AlOOH particles tended to well crystallization and developing to a clear structure.
This suggests that the ageing time plays an important role in the crystal structure development of the product.
The particle size and the shape of the γ-aluminum is determined by the crystal structure of the original hydroxide and the series of phase transformations which occur during calcinations[12].
Sahu: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 113 (2009), p. 244 [4] B.P.
Qian: Journal of Solid State Chemistry Vol. 177 (2004), p. 3824 [18] X.M.

As people understanding the properties and structure of fly ash deeply, fly ash will no longer be as a solid waste but as a resource.
[9] Materials and Structures Volume 38,Number 1(2005)：63-72,Scientific Reports ,Effect of fly ash and slag on the fracture characteristics of high performance concrete.B.
[10] Materials and Structures Volume 35,Number 9(2002), 536-540, Strength development of concretes with ordinary Portland cement, slag or fly ash cured at different temperatures Ö.
[17] Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Volume 289, Number 2(2011), 617-626, Adsorption of indigo carmine from aqueous solution using coal fly ash and zeolite from fly ash.Terezinha E.
Das.Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry.Separation of lanthanum and cerium on modified fly ash bed. 2004,262(3):745-749

Fabrication of Nanofibers by Low-Voltage Near-Field Electrospinning Jie Zheng1,a, Bin Sun1,4,b, Yun-Ze Long1,2,c, Hong-Di Zhang1,d, Zhi-Ming Zhang3,e, Zhi-Hua Zhang1,f, Wei-Hua Han1,g, Feng Shao1,h and Jia-Yin Huang1,i 1College of Physics Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China 2State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China 3College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China 4College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China azhengjie2009123@126.com, bqdusun@126.com, cyunze.long@163.com, dhongdi_zhang@163.com, ezzmcyj@163.com, fzhangzhihua198710o@163.com, g919265873@163.com, h340696985@qq.com, iwlxhuang@163.com Keywords: Nanofibers; Near-field electrospinning; Buckling; Bending instability Abstract.
A scanning electron microscope (SEM; JSM-6390) was used to characterize the morphologies and structures of the electrospun fibers.
About the formation mechaniam of the wavelike ribbon structure, it is believed that the ribbon structure is formed by collapsing from a thin walled tube formed on the moving liquid jet due to a rapid vaporization of solvent from the surface of the jet or by Coulomb repulsion of the charges on the skin of the charged jet [5], and the wavelike structure is formed by the nonuniform contraction, electric driven bending instabilities or uniformly mechanical buckling [13-16].
Fan: Journal of Materials Chemistry Vol. 21 (2011), p.13159 [5] J.S.

The potential application of nanofiber to be used as a wound dressing has been studied extensively [8-10] due to the similarity of the structure to native tissue, interesting mechanical properties [11], high ratio of surface area and energy to volume or mass, ability to improve the adhesion of cells, proteins and drugs, and high pore structure which may facilitate cell activity.
Binahong leaves extract was extracted at the Laboratory of Natural Products Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, ITB using maceration method.
To observed the nature of crystal structure, the as prepared nanofiber was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD).
X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to observe the nature of crystal structure of PVA/chitosan nanofibers that has been added by the binahong leaves extract.
Chemistry Departement for the collaboration work.

Fig.1 TG-DGA curse of SrSiO3 3.3 Effect of sintering temperature on phase structure and the microstructure of SrSiO3 Figure 2 is XRD figure of SrSiO3 in different sintering temperature.
The Structure and Luminescence Characteristics of Europium Activated Strontium Silicate Sr(Eu,Bi)SiO3,Sr(Eu,Bi)2SiO4[J].
White-light-emitting long-lasting phosphorescence in Dy3+-doped SrSiO3 [J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry 179 2006 () 266–269 [9] D.D.
Sol-Gel film structures based on titanate ferroelectric nanoparticles [J].IEEE 2009, May 23-25: 1250 - 1253 [12] WANG Ren-qing.
Russian journal of general chemistry,2006,76(12):1878-1884.

The room temperature conductivity of composite electrolytes should be improved, the need to conduct groundbreaking research in the preparation process of the composite electrolyte materials, structure and properties, there are many problems.
The composite polymer electrolyte materials has become an intersection of many disciplines including materials science, chemistry, physics, and the content may lead to the field of new energy materials, in particular, is a new technological revolution in the field of battery materials, which study of the problem will continue and in-depth.
Real polymers science began in the 1920s, German scientists Staudinger, in theory, the concept of long-chain structure of polymers and polymer, and chemical methods in the laboratory preparation of synthetic polymer The polymer, thus beginning the prelude to the era of human studies polymers.
Song Zhao Shuang et al. using the 60Co-γ ray radiation sources, neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA) as a crosslinking agent, prepared with the grid structure of polyvinylidene fluoride - hexafluoropropylene / neopentyl glycol diacrylate (PVDF-HEP/NPGDA) gel electrolyte, the room temperature ionic conductivity of 7.80 × 10-3 S cm-1.
Common electrochromic glass by the transparent conductive layer, the electrochromic color layer, electrolyte layer and the electrode layer (ion storage layer) constitutes, depending on the actual needs and materials have a variety of performance, the actual electrochromic glass structure and layers some changes.

Ab Initio Investigation of Structural and Electronic Properties of ErPb3 in AB3 Structure Shubha Dubey1, a, Gitanjali Pagare1,b, Ekta Jain2,c and S.
They show great range and diversity in respect to their structures and stoichiometries.
It is a vibrational method that is presently the most successful approach to compute the electronic structure of matter.
Fig. 1(a)-1(b) Band Structure of ErPb3 in Spin Up and Spin Down modes.
Palenzona, Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, 2, (1979).

Introduction Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel is a kind of hydrophilic polymer with three dimensional network structure, it possesses the characters of high water containing, good biocompatibility[1], microscopic surface structure and mechanical properties similar to the nature cartilage[2].
(a) PAM (b) PVA Fig.1 Chemical structure formulas of PAM (a) and PVA (b) Table 1.
Figure 2 shows the equilibrium structures of 2PAM/2PVA blend systems with different water content at 298K.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2011, 115(6): 1429-1439
Journal of Physical Chemistry B.1998, 102: 7338-7364