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Material and experimental program Material.
Acknowledgement This study was funded by Transport Planning and Research Institute Science and Technology Development Project (KJ-04).
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering.
Construction and building Materials.
Construction and Building Materials.

Extraction of vanadium from Chinese black shale by roasting using Na2CO3-BaSO4 mixture addition Xianzhong Cheng1,a, Kaixu Chen2,b,*HuaiCheng3,cand Liping Zhang1,d 1 School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China 2 Wuhan Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430205, China 3 Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China ayckaolin@126.com,b light-sun@sohu.com,c huai-cheng@hotmail.com *Corresponding author: K.X.
Chinese black shale is one of the important resource containing various materials such as vanadium, nickel, molybdenum and silver [2, 3].
The traditional technology of recovery vanadium from vanadium-bearing raw materials (ores and slag) adopt chloride salt roasting at high temperature, which resulting to vanadium being converted to a water-soluble form, such as sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) or pyrovanadate (Na4V2O7) [7].
Materials and methods Materials Black shale were obtained from Baiguoyuan district, Hubei province, China.
Bao: Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol.58 (2013), p.1 [9] L.

Material types of glass reinforced plastic with different fibre arrangement were used.
For isotropic material, the shear stress failure was modelled using a ductile damage initiation criterion.
Ong (1997), Low velocity impact behaviour of pre-stressed composite laminates, Materials Chemistry and Physics 47(2-3): 268-272
Journal of Experimental Mechanics: Strain, 36(2):71-80
Impact behaviour of preloaded glass/polyester woven plates, Composites Science and Technology, 69(6): 711-717

Material was melted in quartz glass nozzle and then poured onto copper wheel by pressurized argon.
Acknowledgement This research was financially supported by the Czech Science Foundation, project No.
Sun: Materials Transactions, Vol. 52 (2011), p. 1629-1633 [4] E.
Keskin: Materials and Design, Vol. 32 (2011), p. 4970-4979 [5] M.
Keskin: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 142 (2003), p. 87-92

A FEW STUDIES HAVE BEEN DONE IN CONVERTING WOOD INTO SILICON CARBIDE CERAMIC MATERIALS,[1-5].
METHODS AND MATERIALS Dark red meranti and kapur were used as carbon precursors.
[2] M.Sing, B.M Yee, Reactive Processing of Environmentally Concious, Biomorphic Ceramic from Natural Wood precursor, Journal of The European Ceramic Society, pp.209-217,(2004) [3] Delin.S, X.
S, Laminated biomorphous SiC/Si porous ceramics made from wood veneer, Materials and Design 34, pp.528–532,(2012) [4] Milan Gordica,n, DusanBucevaca, JovanaRuzica, SuzanaGavrilovicb, RadmilaHercigonjac, Miroslav Stankovicd, BrankoMatovica, Biomimetic synthesis and properties of cellular SiC Ceramics International 40,pp.3699–3705,(2014) [5] J.Martinez-fernandez and RM.Valera-Feria, High Temperature Compressive Mechanical Behavior of Biomorphic Silicon Carbide Ceramic, Scripta Mater,43,pp.813-818.(2000) [6] J.H.
Soc. 1,pp. 220-243,(2013) [7] Mohd Zin Jusoh, and Mohd Hamami Sahri, Kayu struktur, Sifat dan Penggunaan,Universiti pertanian Malaysia,(1989) [8] Dinesh M.C.U.Pittman Jr, and Philips H.Steely, Pyrolysis of Wood/Biomass For Bio oil: A Critical Review, Energy and Fuel ,20 (2006) 848-889 [9] Junmin Qian , Jiping Wang, Zhihao Jin, Guanjun Qiao Preparation of macroporous SiC from Si and wood powder using infiltration-reaction process,Materials Science and Engineering A358 [10] C.Zolfrank,H.Sieber,Microstructure evolution and reaction mechanism of biomorphous SiSic ceramicJ.Am.Ceram.Soc.88 z(2005) 51-58 [11] Amanda Esther Sall Childers Processing, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Interpenetrating Biomorphic Graphite/Copper Composites, Northwestern University, A Dissertation,(2003)

Citation & Copyright (to be inserted by the publisher ) Effect of crucible design on the shape and the quality in 6H-SiC crystals grown by physical vapor transport Myung Yoon Um 1, Ho Keun Song 1, Hoon Joo Na 1, Dae Hwan Kim 1, In Bok Song 1, Sang Yong Jung 1, Jae Kyeong Jeong 1, Jae Bin Lee 2 and Hyeong Joon Kim 1 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea 2 Korea Sangshin Electronic Co., Ltd., ChoonChungNam-Do, 339-814, Korea Keywords: 6H-SiC crystal, Physical vapor transport, Crucible Abstract.
It was installed in order to improve the sublimation yield of the source material and the growth morphology of crystal.
Abrasive commercial SiC powder for a source material was charged in the graphite crucible.
And sublimation yield of source material was also increased.
From this result, if assuming that the extension of A was of advantage to the heating of source, the larger crystal could be grown by the extension of the A B Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 3 diameter of pedestal.

The partition of the absorbed energy among the degree of freedom of the material is not thermal at first.
Intense optical excitation of such materials by ultra volt lasers has been found to result in photodesorption of molecules without a significant temperature rise [3,4].
This is due to the short time for laser beam heat flux to diffuse through the material and the rapid rising and lowering in temperature.
[5] Martin Von Allmen Andreas Blatter "Laser-Beam Interactions with Materials" Bren,September, (1994)
West, Journal of Material Science, Vol.27, (1992), p. 1937-1946.

Test Method and Test Material A large number of fatigue cracks emerge in the welding legs of the ocean platform.
Specimen according to the actual structure of the materials used in production, the mechanical properties of the AH32 is given as follows given in Table1.
The mechanical property of material Mechanical property Ultimate stress σb [MPa] The yield strength of AH32 σs [MPa] δ 440 320 20% TIG-dressing Procedure and Loading The TIG-dressing is fusion repaired in the position of toes used by tungsten inert gas when the structure has already been the first welding repaired [1].
Acknowledgements The authors thank the supports of the natural science project of The Office of Henan Education (2009A130005).
References [1] DONGXIA LI, YING MEI, FANG JIA, BAOCHUN JIA: The Study of Fatigue Life of the Crack of Weld Bead, Fracture and Damage Mechanics, Key Engineering Materials, 2006.9 [2] JÜRGEN RUDOLPH: Endurance Limit of Ground and TIG Dressed Steel Welded Joints under Proportional Loading, Schweißtechnik, Chemie Ingenieur Technik (75), 2003.1-21 [3] LIXING HUO, DONGPO WANG, YUFENG ZHANG: Investigation of the fatigue behavior of the welded joints treated by TIG dressing and ultrasonic peeing under variable-amplitude load, International Journal of Fatigue, 27, 2005, 95-101 [4] LIU HONGWEN: Mechanics of Materials, Beijing, Higher Education Press, 2007 (in Chinese) [5] GAO Z T: Applications of Statistics in fatigue, Beijing, National Defense Industry Press, 1986 （in Chinese） [6] DONGXIA LI, BAOCHUN JIA: The effect of multiple weld and TIG on shape joints fatigue strength, Fracture Mechanics Symposium, 2008.10

Three different kinds of materials were ground using the same grinding parameters.
Fig.2 Grinding forces by different grinding wheels Fig.3 Typical temperature signal Fig.4 Grinding temperature of different wheels Fig.5 Grinding temperature of different materials Surface roughness and grinding ratio.
Acknowledgments This project is supported by the Science and Technology Project of Colleges and Universities in Shandong (No.J11LD25).
Surface quality studies with respect to grinding burn of new typical nickel-based superalloy, Key Engineering Materials, (2004)233-238 [2] D.Herman,J.Plichta,T.Karpinski.
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,44(2004)511-522

Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher ) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications Synthesis of New Biocompatible Apatite-type Rare-earth Silicates T.
Introduction Rare-earth element is used as an optical glass, pigment, and magnetic material.
On the other hand, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an excellent bioactive material.
METHODS Materials: The series of apatite-type rare-earth silicates were synthesized by a solid state reaction at 1400°C by using BaCO3, SiO2, Ln2O3 (Ln=Y, La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Dy), CeO2, and Pr6O11.
The ceramic HAp as the bioactive material was similarly enveloped in a fibroblastic tissue.