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Online since: March 2014
Authors: Zhe Xiao, Zhi Liu, Man Sheng Xiao
Introduction
In the data analysis, often need to deal with the massive data set.
These data sets contain some redundant or even irrelevant features.
Method of Data Grouping.
Experimental Result and Analysis Experimental Sample Data Sets.
It was only slightly lower on the data sets of Soybean-large and Zoo on, but higher on the other data sets.
These data sets contain some redundant or even irrelevant features.
Method of Data Grouping.
Experimental Result and Analysis Experimental Sample Data Sets.
It was only slightly lower on the data sets of Soybean-large and Zoo on, but higher on the other data sets.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Li Min Sun, Xue Lian Li
The health monitoring system had collected a large amount of data since it was started for service in Sep 2006 and these data provided important basis for implementing correlation and structure state analysis[2].
The regression model and scatter diagram after rejecting the abnormal data is shown in Fig. 5.
In local section, the displacement deviations of the model output and actual data is much larger, such as the data in December.
Then when the displacement data monitored exceeds these two boundaries after calculation, give an alarm.
Still adopt 10 minute displacement average data wiped out abnormal data in 2007 for accumulative displacement regression model analysis, and the sample size is 35568.
The regression model and scatter diagram after rejecting the abnormal data is shown in Fig. 5.
In local section, the displacement deviations of the model output and actual data is much larger, such as the data in December.
Then when the displacement data monitored exceeds these two boundaries after calculation, give an alarm.
Still adopt 10 minute displacement average data wiped out abnormal data in 2007 for accumulative displacement regression model analysis, and the sample size is 35568.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Roland Taillard, Marie Noëlle Avettand-Fènoël, Christophe Herbelot, Abdellatif Imad
Compared with the usual welding processes, it therefore presents
many benefits such as a lower heat-input, a reduction of residual stresses and an elimination of the
solidification defects etc..
The reduction of IMCs thickness should be favoured by a high welding speed.
Surface galling very probably results from a discontinuous tool advance due to a transient reduction of malleability.
It should be emphasized that this flow direction contradicts the literature data according to which the shoulder friction effect should be predominant close to the top surface [8,9].
In the present work, they rather result from the lack of consolidation in the bulk of the samples than from an excessive flow of material at the top surface due to the pressure exerted by the shoulder, as frequently suggested by the literature data [11].
The reduction of IMCs thickness should be favoured by a high welding speed.
Surface galling very probably results from a discontinuous tool advance due to a transient reduction of malleability.
It should be emphasized that this flow direction contradicts the literature data according to which the shoulder friction effect should be predominant close to the top surface [8,9].
In the present work, they rather result from the lack of consolidation in the bulk of the samples than from an excessive flow of material at the top surface due to the pressure exerted by the shoulder, as frequently suggested by the literature data [11].
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Thomas Thurner, Ling Jun Li
Modeling and Simulation of Servo-Hydraulic Cylinder Systems
for Multi Axis Test Control
Lingjun Li1, a and Thomas Thurner1, b
1Institute of Lightweight Design, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
alingjun.li@tugraz.at, bthomas.thurner@tugraz.at
Keywords: Servo-hydraulic Cylinders, Modeling, Model Reduction, Simulation, Hydraulic Control, Multi-axis Test.
We compare the simulated output of the derived actuator models with the measured data from a real world test cylinder system.
However, the manufacturer’s data sheet usually provides the information on step responses and/or frequency responses for various sizes and types of valves.
This reduction on the model order is also valid for most fatigue test applications with force control.
Experimental results from a real world cylinder show good agreement of the measured data with simulation results for the low order cylinder system model.
We compare the simulated output of the derived actuator models with the measured data from a real world test cylinder system.
However, the manufacturer’s data sheet usually provides the information on step responses and/or frequency responses for various sizes and types of valves.
This reduction on the model order is also valid for most fatigue test applications with force control.
Experimental results from a real world cylinder show good agreement of the measured data with simulation results for the low order cylinder system model.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Kai Xiang, Guo Hui Wang, Wei Ping Han, Jiang Tao Yu
For unidirectional CFRP sheets, obtained from the manufacturer’s data sheets, the nominal thickness of one ply of the CFRP reinforcement tcf is 0.111 mm.
For epoxy resin, obtained from the manufacturer’s data sheets, the bonding strength of epoxy resin primer is 3.2 N/mm2.
Load cell was recorded automatically at each load increment for using data logging equipment.
With width reduction coefficients, the rectangular cross section was translated into indented cross section, as shown in Fig. 8.
The reduction of bending stiffness exhibited the influence of fire exposure for the fire-damaged beam.
For epoxy resin, obtained from the manufacturer’s data sheets, the bonding strength of epoxy resin primer is 3.2 N/mm2.
Load cell was recorded automatically at each load increment for using data logging equipment.
With width reduction coefficients, the rectangular cross section was translated into indented cross section, as shown in Fig. 8.
The reduction of bending stiffness exhibited the influence of fire exposure for the fire-damaged beam.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Ji Chun Liu, Yun Xia Wu, Xiang Yang An, Xiao Li Zheng, Jia Yi Li, Chen He, Hong Hui Chen, Fang Zhang
The scenario-reduction methodology is combined to reduce the large scenario set to a simpler one, then the probability statistics on these scenarios is given in order to obtain the probability density of the system power difference, and the expected energy not supplied (EENS) and expected wind waste risk (EWWR) are presented.
According to the randomness of wind power, [3] and [4] established a dynamic economic dispatch models of power system with wind farm, the up and down spinning reserve are also be considered , but they are only to be used as a constraint. [5] established the model of reserve capacity which considering the load shedding costs, operating reserve capacity and reserve capacity historical data, the minimum cost of reserve capacity as its objective function.
This paper leads the method scenarios into describe the uncertainty of wind power, load and conventional unit; and the expected energy not supplied (EENS) and expected wind waste risk (EWWR) are presented; Then the reserve capacity is determined by the two aspects which are the reliability of EENS and EWWR and the economy of reserve capacity cost; Finally, a practical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the method Scenario Generating of wind power and Scenario Reduction Assuming the wind speed and direction of wind turbines are same in the wind farm at the same time, then the whole wind farm can be equivalent to one wind turbine.
According to historical data of wind power, using the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models to establish the scenarios of wind power for each period, and respectively ARMA model order, and determine the corresponding model parameters and test methods used to fit the model of the applicability of ARMA test [8].
(14) Case Study This paper utilizes the data of literature [6] to simulate, the parameters of conventional units and load are refer to [7].
According to the randomness of wind power, [3] and [4] established a dynamic economic dispatch models of power system with wind farm, the up and down spinning reserve are also be considered , but they are only to be used as a constraint. [5] established the model of reserve capacity which considering the load shedding costs, operating reserve capacity and reserve capacity historical data, the minimum cost of reserve capacity as its objective function.
This paper leads the method scenarios into describe the uncertainty of wind power, load and conventional unit; and the expected energy not supplied (EENS) and expected wind waste risk (EWWR) are presented; Then the reserve capacity is determined by the two aspects which are the reliability of EENS and EWWR and the economy of reserve capacity cost; Finally, a practical example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the method Scenario Generating of wind power and Scenario Reduction Assuming the wind speed and direction of wind turbines are same in the wind farm at the same time, then the whole wind farm can be equivalent to one wind turbine.
According to historical data of wind power, using the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models to establish the scenarios of wind power for each period, and respectively ARMA model order, and determine the corresponding model parameters and test methods used to fit the model of the applicability of ARMA test [8].
(14) Case Study This paper utilizes the data of literature [6] to simulate, the parameters of conventional units and load are refer to [7].
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Yao Yao
ABSTRACT
Up till now, the design code for the determination of fire resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns is essentially based on tabulated data.
The reduction factor of effective rigidityis derived by the authors using SAFIR.
For uniaxial compression, Pp can be calculated as: (8) where As is the total area of steel reinforcement; ; ; and are the respective reduction factors of concrete and steel strength under fire conditions
The reduction factor of effective rigidityis derived by the authors using SAFIR.
For uniaxial compression, Pp can be calculated as: (8) where As is the total area of steel reinforcement; ; ; and are the respective reduction factors of concrete and steel strength under fire conditions
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Yakov Frayman, Bruce Gunn
The case study uses past production data from a casthouse to validate the model outputs, with the aim to perform a sensitivity analysis on the overall system.
The simulation runs until the overall simulation runtime is equalled or exceeded, at which point the simulation ends and the output data written to data files.
The model used historical data for the case study in this paper
The model was validated against production data, and observed to reproduce the production data sets with reasonable accuracy.
Each data point on the graph represents the result of one simulation run.
The simulation runs until the overall simulation runtime is equalled or exceeded, at which point the simulation ends and the output data written to data files.
The model used historical data for the case study in this paper
The model was validated against production data, and observed to reproduce the production data sets with reasonable accuracy.
Each data point on the graph represents the result of one simulation run.
Online since: February 2007
Authors: Jonathan C. Knowles, E. A. Abou Neel, I. Ahmed
The data was collected from 10 to 100º 2θ with a step size of 0.02º and a count time of 12s
on a Brüker D8 Advance Diffractometer (Brüker, UK) in flat plate geometry, using Ni filtered Cu Kα
radiation.
The phases were identified using the Crystallographica Search-Match (CSM) software (Oxford Cryosystems, UK) and the International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) database (vols. 1-42). 2.5.
Before running a sample, the machine was calibrated against a 4-point calibration curve, and the data was analysed using the Chromeleon ® software package.
This finding correlated well with the XRD data where the 0.25 and 0.3mol compositions revealed identical phases.
Considering the anion release, the P3O93 species showed the highest release rate which correlated well with the XRD data obtained, as this cyclic species was the dominant phase identified.
The phases were identified using the Crystallographica Search-Match (CSM) software (Oxford Cryosystems, UK) and the International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) database (vols. 1-42). 2.5.
Before running a sample, the machine was calibrated against a 4-point calibration curve, and the data was analysed using the Chromeleon ® software package.
This finding correlated well with the XRD data where the 0.25 and 0.3mol compositions revealed identical phases.
Considering the anion release, the P3O93 species showed the highest release rate which correlated well with the XRD data obtained, as this cyclic species was the dominant phase identified.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Gilbert Rainer Gillich, Zeno Iosif Praisach
In previous works, a reliable method to locate open cracks in beams has been proposed and tested using both data from numerical simulations and laboratory experiments.
They focused on methods and data required for damage identification by examining the changes in various types of measured structure responses.
The use of inverse methods in damage detection and location using measured vibration data is largely presented by Friswell [4], together with problems that exist with this approach to health monitoring; among these, modeling errors and environmental effects are the most important.
A prismatic steel beam fixed on the left end and free on the right end was used as a structural model, to provide vibration data for its intact and damaged states.
Fig. 4 present in the left diagram the damage location index expressed by six elements Φi for three locations (x/L = 0.335; x/L = 0.415 and x/L = 0.5 from the fixed end) and in the right diagram the normalized relative frequency shifts Ψi from measured data, for a crack placed at x/L = 0.5 from the fixed end.
They focused on methods and data required for damage identification by examining the changes in various types of measured structure responses.
The use of inverse methods in damage detection and location using measured vibration data is largely presented by Friswell [4], together with problems that exist with this approach to health monitoring; among these, modeling errors and environmental effects are the most important.
A prismatic steel beam fixed on the left end and free on the right end was used as a structural model, to provide vibration data for its intact and damaged states.
Fig. 4 present in the left diagram the damage location index expressed by six elements Φi for three locations (x/L = 0.335; x/L = 0.415 and x/L = 0.5 from the fixed end) and in the right diagram the normalized relative frequency shifts Ψi from measured data, for a crack placed at x/L = 0.5 from the fixed end.