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Wuhan, 430070, China 2Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology, Xiangtan University, Ministry of Education, Xiangtan, 411105, China aguopeitao@hotmail.com, blionl626@163.com, cxueyy@whut.edu.cn Keywords: Porous alumina; Anodic Oxidation; Glass substrate; Optical property; Morphology Abstract: Aluminum films were deposited on glass substrate by electron beam heat evaporation, and porous alumina films with high transmittance were prepared by means of anodic oxidation under different anodizing conditions in oxalic acid solution or phosphoric acid solution respectively.
Various antireflective coatings have been studied because of the increasing demands of optical components fabricated from glass-based optical materials.
Experimental 2.1 Deposition of aluminum films Aluminum (purity>99.999%) is coating material, and copper crucible the evaporation vessel, the aluminum thin films were deposited on glass by electron beam heating system in the ZZS700-6/G physical evaporation deposition system.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to express their appreciation to National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support (Grant No. 10804090 and 10974150), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2010-Ⅳ-056) and the Open Project Program of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Xiangtan University), Ministry of Education, China (No.KF0908).
References: [1] Jagminas A, Ina SL, Kurtinaitien M and Selskis A: Appl Surf Sci Vol. 239 (2003), p. 72 [2] Rahimi MH, Saramad S, Tabaian SH, Marashi SP, Zolfaghari A and Mohammadalinezhad M: Appl Surf Sci Vol. 515 (2009), p. 338 [3] Garcia-Vergara SJ, Hashimoto T, Skeldon P, Thompson GE and Habazaki H: Electrochim Acta Vol. 33 (2009), p. 841 [4] Artzi-Gerlitz R, Benkstein KD, Lahr DL, Hertz JL, Montgomery CB and Bonevich JE: Sensors and Actuators B Vol. 255 (2003), p. 8019 [5] Massou S, Masson L, Ozerov I, Moyen E, Sengupta K and Hanbcken M: Appl Surf Sci Vol. 256 (2009), p. 395 [6] Chik H and Xu JM: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 132 (2004), p. 841 [7] Mehmood M, Rauf A, Rasheed MA, Saeed S, Akhter JI and Ahmad J: Mater Chem Phys Vol. 253 (2007), p. 4680 [8] Katsuta Y, Yasumori A, Wada K, Kurashima K, Suehara S and Inoue S: J Non-Cryst Solids Vol. 516(2008), p. 3633 [9] Mei YF, Wu XL, Qiu T, Shao XF, Siu GG and Chu PK: Thin Solid Films Vol. 85 (2005), p. 1186 [10] Yamaguchi

Owing to their excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability, silks have been used as biomedical suture material for centuries and recently gained extensive applications as industry materials as well as biomaterials, such as scaffolds for tissue engineering , capsule, sphere and hydrogel [2, 3, 4].
Several hundreds thousand tons of waste silk and silkworm chrysalis were produced during the reeling every yaer, however, just only a small part of waste silk were furtherly used as silk spinning material, floss silk, cosmetic additives, nutritive additive and so on.
Materials and methods Materials.
Ajisawa: Journal Sericultural Science of Japan, Vol.67 (1998), p. 91 [7] E.
Dalgleish: Trends in Food Science & Technology, Vo1.8 (1997), p.1

Experimental Study of Steel Fibre Bridging Action on Crack Propagation in Fibre Reinforced Concrete Zhihong Xu1,a , Wenyin 1,b and Yujing Liang2,c 1 Science School, Nanjing University of Science&Technology, Nanjing,210094,China 2 Northwestern University,Chicago, IL,60607�USA a xuzh@mail.njust.edu.cn, bwenyin@sohu.com, cyliang@yahoo.com Key words: Fiber reinforced concrete, crack propagation, crack bridging, three points bending test Abstract.
Zhang etc [2] [3] studied the Mode I crack propagation in fiber reinforced concrete by fracture mechanics, the mode relies on the fracture toughness of hardened cement past ck1 and the δσ− relationship of the material as the fundamental material parameter for model input.
References [1] Victor C.Li�H.Stang�H.Krenchel� Material & Structures.Vol.26, 1993, pp.484-494 [2] M.Wecharatana, S.P.
Li� Cement&Concrete Composites .Vol.54,1997, pp.763-787 [4] Jun Zhang, Henrik Stange and Victor C.Li� Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering.
Vol 12, No.1, 2000, pp. 66-73 [5] W.Yeil�R.Huang�J.J.Chang: Advance Cement Based Materials.

Materials were being dried in the oven at temperature of 65˚C for 48 hours to eliminate moisture prior to compounding.
This method was evaluated the resistance of polymeric materials to fungi.
Blends of incompatible synthetic polymers will results in production of weaker materials.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 54, pp. 1685-1695, 1994
Progress in Polymer Science, 34, pp. 1348-1368, 2009

If the deformation is too large, the damage of the pipeline will be caused, The impact between metro tunnel construction and the adjacent underground pipeline is mutual, which is not only associated with pipeline type, damage condition, pipeline materials and joint type, but also about construction methods, construction technology and management, engineering and hydrogeological conditions[4, 5].
Four underground pipelines were selected to investigate their type, material, joint type, depth, damage condition, as well as plane location relation with tunnel.
Zhang, et al: Journal of Railway Engineering Society.
Wang: “Safety evaluation and control on underground pipeline influenced by metro construction”, International Conference on Management and Service Science, MASS 2011, Wuhan, China 2011
Chen: “Study on grouting heave for pipeline underground in urban tunnel engineering”, 2nd International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Materials, Switzerland, p.492, 2014.

In order to obtain the new soft magnetic materials with low core loss (W), some nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials consisting of amorphous phase and α-Fe nanocrystalline phase obtained by annealing melt-spun amorphous ribbons such as Fe-P-B-Cu[9-12], Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu[13-15].
If the aggregation of globules is suppressed during liquid quenching, nano- and/or multi-scale globules dispersed in a multi-phase alloy can be obtained in metallic materials.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No.51371108 and 51501104).
Qi: Journal of physics, Vol.24(2012)No.50, p.505103
Zhang: Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol.187 (2014), p.61

Introduction Precious metals alloy materials are the key materials for electron, electrics and chemical industries [1-3], the further research on the phase structures and properties will beneficial to improve the basic researching system of precious metals alloy materials and provide theoretical support to their applications.
References [1] Jones F.H., Teeth and bones: applications of surface science to dental materials and related biomaterials, Surface Science Reports., 2001, 42 (3-5): 75
Material properties of Au-Pd thin alloy films, Thin Solid Films, 2010, 518(20): 5715-5719 [5] Jose Antonio Lopez-Sanchez, Nikolaos Dimitratos, Neil Glanville, Lokesh Kesavan, Ceri Hammond, Jennifer K.
Journal of Catalysis, 2003, 215(2): 317-325

Materials and methods Fresh seedless grapes are obtained from local market.
To ensure the uniformity of the physical characteristics of experimental materials, the grape samples with the same size are selected.
It shows that Deff values of the seedless grape samples have been changed from 1.0552·10-11 to 3.0702·10-11 m2/s, which lies within the general range for food materials.
“Mathematical modeling on thin layer drying of seedless grape in two different air-drying shelters,” Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2008,vol. 8, pp. 28-31
“Drying kinetics and mathematical modeling of abalone during the hot-air drying pro-cess,” Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2012,vol.3, pp. 72-80.

The adhesion tensile tests according to GB8642-88 were conducted to measure the adhesive strength of the nanostructured and conventional TBC samples by using a universal material test system (1255, Instron, UK) with drawing rate of 1 mm.min -1.
The bimodal character of the coating presents an opportunity for TBC microstrucutral control in materials engineering to control their failure mechanism.
Chen: Materials Science and Engineering Vol.
Schoenung: Materials Science and Engineering Vol.
Guan: Journal of Inorganic Materials Vol. 17[1](2002), p. 96-104.

Box 1999143344, Tehran, Iran 2 Iranian National Center for Laser Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran, P.O.
Introduction Lasers have been used as a tool for precise materials processing in manufacturing operations due to non-contact nature and the high intensity resulting from the ability to focus it to a small diameter [1].
Steen, W.M., Laser Material Processing. 1991, London: Springer
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D: APPLIED PHYSICS, 2006. 39: p. 4563–4567
Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2007. 38(4): p. 1089-1098