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The 57th volume of "International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa" are included peer-reviewed manuscripts reflecting the research results in the fields of materials science, applied and fluid mechanics, power engineering and power management, ecology safety and agriculture, communication, road construction, building materials, and geotechnical engineering.
The presented scientific articles can be appreciated by the majority of engineers, academic teachers, and students majoring in the fields of engineering science.

The system is based on the interrelationship that exists for lubrication material between its speed (input 1), load (input 2), oil-feed pressure (input 3), and are distributed and triangle shape is used for the membership functions for the input and the output variables.
Status Report on Some Selected Topics in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Indian National Science Academy 1994; 57–64
Journal of Tribology 2005; 127(3):568–74
Journal of Tribology 2005;127(1):96–102
Journal of Tribology 2007;129:221–30

Table 1 shows close relationship of subject with Materials science.
Validity of Data Scientific Journal Ranking SJR H Index Journal of Materials Research and Technology Q1 1.02 26 Research and Development (in Spanish) Q4 0.13 9 Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal Q1 0.77 29 Journal of Materials Research and Technology Q1 1.01 26 Procedia Engineering Na 0.28 51 Materials Today: Proceedings Na 0.30 18 Procedia CIRP Na 0.61 41 Materials Science Forum Q3 0.52 68 Journal of Materials Science Q2 0.77 154 The distribution of the articles, over 39 years, shows an incremental interest that begins in the year 2008 until reaching the maximum peak in 2019.
Therefore, we can affirm that the economic and unique aspects of the properties of PM, to manufacture materials in its process, makes it increasingly attractive to replace forged materials. [20].
Powder metallurgy and particulate materials processing: the processes, materials, products, properties and applications.
Developments in metallic materials for aerospace applications.

The 44th volume of International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa contains articles describing the research results in the fields of materials science, mechanical engineering, applied and computational mechanics, construction materials and technologies, technological processes and materials in the petroleum production, natural resources exploration and environmental engineering, robotics, renewable energy, power engineering and control, production management.
The articles will be useful for many engineers as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.

Investigations of Cylindrical and Conical Whirl Instabilities on Hydrodynamic Journal Bearings Norifumi MIYANAGA1,a and Jun TOMIOKA2,b* 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanto-Gakuin University, 1-50-1 Mutsuurahigasi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8501, Japan 2Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda Unviersity, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan amiyanaga@kanto-gakuin.ac.jp, btomioka@waseda.jp Keywords: Hydrodynamic bearings, Journal bearing, Cylindrical whirl instability, Conical whirl instability.
Hydrodynamic journal bearings induced serious shaft vibrations called oil whirl.
Materials and methods Experiments.
Figure 2 shows a sketch of the journal bearing test rig.
Figure 3 shows the journal bearings and its coordinate system used here.

Unlike traditional cutting and grinding processes, which rely on the force generated by a harder tool or abrasive material to remove the softer work-material, it is a thermoelectric process that erodes workpiece material by a series of discrete electrical sparks between the workpiece and an electrode flushed by or immersed in a dielectric fluid.
The hardness and strength of the difficult-to-machine work-materials are no longer the dominating factors that affect the tool wear and hinder the machining process [7].
The material removal rate (MRR) calculated by experimental data is 0.00144mm2/min. 1.068mm 1.165mm R15.9µm Fig. 7 SEM photo of micro-air journal bearing Fig. 8 Partial enlargement of one wedged-structure Fig. 9 Cross section and assembly of micro air journal bearing and turbine rotor Acknowledgements This research work is funded by Natural Science Foundation in China (No.51105111), National Key Basic Research Program in China (No.2012CB934102) and the Special Fund for Technological Innovation of Harbin (No.2012RFXXG038)
Development of the Cylindrical Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Process, Part 1: Concept, Design, and Material Removal Rate.
Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol.124, August (2002), p.702-707.

We present to our readers the 38th volume of the International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa which contains scientific articles describing the results of engineering research and solutions in the fields of materials and processing technologies in the mechanical engineering, construction and chemical technologies, ergonomics, environmental engineering and engineering management.
The articles will be useful for the professionals concerned with mechanical engineering, materials science, chemical engineering, engineering management as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.

We present our readers with the 42nd volume of "International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa".
This volume contains articles describing the research results in the fields of materials science, applied mechanics, mechanical engineering, power distribution and power efficiency, construction materials and technologies, biodiesel production, information technologies, and industrial engineering.
The articles will be useful for many engineers as well as for academic teachers and students majoring in these fields of engineering science.

The development of science and technology brings mankind great material wealth and man becomes “the paragon of animals”, but the unreasonable application with science and technology also causes mankind to be the tool of ruling itself.
Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition),2011,3,pp.1-6
Journal of Changchun Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition),2011,3.pp.35-37
Journal of Tongren Prefectural Committee Party School of CPC,2011,2.pp.31-34 [5] Ji Xin-ying.
Journal of Fujian Institute of Socialism,2011,2.pp.54-57

Theoretical model Fig.2 shows the system of the journal bearing.
(7) Journal surface temperature can be used adiabatic boundary condition , journal surface heat flow along the circumferential integral is zero
Acknowledgements The work described in this paper is supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Projects of China(Grant No.2013CB035705), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51175411,11102144 ), Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2011JM1005).
Modern Tribology Handbook[M].CRC Press :Vol.1.(2001) [3] IWASAWA K，MATSUDA S，MIZUNO Y，MOCHIZUKI M，evaluation of wear between crank shaft and bearing materials in diesel engines, CIMAC Congress,IIMTERLAKEM. (1995) [4] USHIJIMA, K., AOYAMA, S., KITAHARA, K., OKAMOTO, Y., JONES, G., Xu, H., "A study on engine bearing wear and fatigue using EHL analysis and experimental Analysis", SAE paper 1999-01-1514
ASME，Journal of Trbology,2000, 122(2):475-477