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Online since: July 2013
Authors: Neng Sheng Bao, Shi Liang Fei, Xue Jia Huang, Tie Quan Liu, Jin Huang
The LabVIEW-based software design of platform achieves many functions, including multi-axis positioning control, data acquisition and processing, data interface and operation interface.
Fig. 3 LabVIEW front panel of position control program Fig. 4 LabVIEW front panel of data acquisition program Subroutine design for data acquisition Data acquisition program was designed as a separate subroutine module based on Altai USB2817 data acquisition card for system program calls, as well as cooperation with the positioning control program.
Data acquisition subroutine was designed in stacking order programming ideas.
The LabVIEW front panel of data acquisition program is as shown in Figure 4.
Specific process is as follows: positioning the measuring point, then collecting data by data acquisition program, and displaying average data on the front panel.
Fig. 3 LabVIEW front panel of position control program Fig. 4 LabVIEW front panel of data acquisition program Subroutine design for data acquisition Data acquisition program was designed as a separate subroutine module based on Altai USB2817 data acquisition card for system program calls, as well as cooperation with the positioning control program.
Data acquisition subroutine was designed in stacking order programming ideas.
The LabVIEW front panel of data acquisition program is as shown in Figure 4.
Specific process is as follows: positioning the measuring point, then collecting data by data acquisition program, and displaying average data on the front panel.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Yi Ti Tung, Tzu Yi Pai, Li Hua Shih, Ju Jung Yu, Mao Shan Lin, Pei Yu Yang, Jen Wei Su
Solar Energy Policy in Taiwan Based on Analytical Hierarchy Process
Yi-Ti Tung1, 2, Tzu-Yi Pai3, a,*, Ju-Jung Yu4, 5, Mao-Shan Lin4, 6, Pei-Yu Yang4, Li-Hua Shih3, Jen-Wei Su7
1 School of Medical Sociology and Social Work, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
2 Research Consultant, Social Service Section, Chung Shan University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
3 Master Program of Environmental Education and Management, Department of Science Application and Dissemination, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 40306, Taiwan
4 Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufeng, Taichung, 41349, Taiwan
5 Chongu-Guang Elementary School, Dali, Taichung, 41245, Taiwan
6 Zhong-Yuan Elementary School, Dali, Taichung, 41263, Taiwan
7 National Chung Hsing High School, Nantou, 54044, Taiwan
a,* bai@ms6.hinet.net (Corresponding e-mail)
Keywords: Analytic hierarchy process, Social public, Solar energy, Carbon reduction
The average means and standard deviation was employed to statistically analyze the data, and 16 items with the mean top 16 weights were chosen as the evaluation criteria to fully construct the hierarchy structure of policy for promoting solar energy, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
weights and global weights of 16 sub-criteria Major criteria Sub-criteria Relative weight Order Global weight Order Policy Patents for solar energy products 0.466 1 0.183 1 Items with mature techniques and economic benefits are the priorities 0.171 4 0.067 7 The government’s involvement in studies on solar energy industries 0.173 3 0.068 6 Increase percentage of solar energy power in total power capacity 0.190 2 0.075 5 Technique Encourage the firms to develop new techniques of solar energy power 0.211 3 0.082 4 Improve power saving technique 0.245 2 0.095 3 Cooperation between domestic firms and international solar energy companies 0.107 4 0.041 9 Encourage R&D of new techniques and reduce power cost 0.436 1 0.168 2 Economic incentives Subsidize the firms which have the intention to develop and introduce new techniques 0.268 3 0.026 13 The government purchase solar energy power by favorable measures 0.383 1 0.037 11 Provide solar energy industry with tax exemption or reduction
The average means and standard deviation was employed to statistically analyze the data, and 16 items with the mean top 16 weights were chosen as the evaluation criteria to fully construct the hierarchy structure of policy for promoting solar energy, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
weights and global weights of 16 sub-criteria Major criteria Sub-criteria Relative weight Order Global weight Order Policy Patents for solar energy products 0.466 1 0.183 1 Items with mature techniques and economic benefits are the priorities 0.171 4 0.067 7 The government’s involvement in studies on solar energy industries 0.173 3 0.068 6 Increase percentage of solar energy power in total power capacity 0.190 2 0.075 5 Technique Encourage the firms to develop new techniques of solar energy power 0.211 3 0.082 4 Improve power saving technique 0.245 2 0.095 3 Cooperation between domestic firms and international solar energy companies 0.107 4 0.041 9 Encourage R&D of new techniques and reduce power cost 0.436 1 0.168 2 Economic incentives Subsidize the firms which have the intention to develop and introduce new techniques 0.268 3 0.026 13 The government purchase solar energy power by favorable measures 0.383 1 0.037 11 Provide solar energy industry with tax exemption or reduction
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Ke Sun, Ke Sun, Zhao Ming Zheng, Xiao Yu Ding, Hong Wei Chen, Quan Yuan Jiang, Kai Xu
In the process of the elite reduction, we utilize the asynchronous grid strategy to filter particles since this strategy has lower computing complexity.
Currently in the traditional MOPSO algorithm, the diversity of the particles is maintained by the elitism reduction strategy, which mainly includes the crowding distance strategy, the niche strategy, the k-neighbor strategy, the grid strategy and so on [12].
For the shortage of these traditional elitism reduction strategies, ASU strategy is proposed to reduce the elitism scale.
The main improvements are described as the following three aspects: (1) Stepwise updated crowding distance strategy In the elitism reduction process, since the crowding distance of the particle changes with removing some particles, the stepwise updated crowding distance strategy is proposed to replace the method of removing the elitist solutions whose crowding distance is smaller than some value.
This method can meet the needs of the practical problems, but also take the impact of data fluctuation into account.
Currently in the traditional MOPSO algorithm, the diversity of the particles is maintained by the elitism reduction strategy, which mainly includes the crowding distance strategy, the niche strategy, the k-neighbor strategy, the grid strategy and so on [12].
For the shortage of these traditional elitism reduction strategies, ASU strategy is proposed to reduce the elitism scale.
The main improvements are described as the following three aspects: (1) Stepwise updated crowding distance strategy In the elitism reduction process, since the crowding distance of the particle changes with removing some particles, the stepwise updated crowding distance strategy is proposed to replace the method of removing the elitist solutions whose crowding distance is smaller than some value.
This method can meet the needs of the practical problems, but also take the impact of data fluctuation into account.
Online since: July 2022
Authors: Peter Martin, Mark McCourt, Eoin Cunningham, Alex Pritchard, Mark Kearns
Eqs. 1 allows for the correction of the gas yield data, which is presented at room temperature conditions typically, to the decomposition temperature instead [7].
∅= ∅STP × VcVroom= ∅STP ×TcTroom (1)
Where Vroom, Vc, Troom, and Tc refer to gas volume at room, crystallisation, absolute room, and absolute crystallisation temperatures.
MIPAR image analysis software was used for the extraction of transient height change data.
Due to the complexity of the images, colour segmentation tools were found to be the most useful for extracting the data from the image, establishing the white shades in the foam to separate them from the other background colours of the image.
The frames from each experiment were imported into MIPAR to extract the transient sample height data.
An optimal value exists though, as concentrations above 3wt% only produce a small reduction in foam density.
MIPAR image analysis software was used for the extraction of transient height change data.
Due to the complexity of the images, colour segmentation tools were found to be the most useful for extracting the data from the image, establishing the white shades in the foam to separate them from the other background colours of the image.
The frames from each experiment were imported into MIPAR to extract the transient sample height data.
An optimal value exists though, as concentrations above 3wt% only produce a small reduction in foam density.
Online since: July 2016
Authors: Pavel Svoboda, Helmut Kurth
Dust Reduction Measures
Before the proposal of dust reduction measures it is necessary to assess, whether the dust generation is not due merely to the lack of technological discipline.
In the framework of construction preparation the entity preparing the design of blasting operations must be provided with sufficient data, comprising primarily the size (dimensions) of demolished buildings, description of building materials, technical state of buildings intended for demolition, their connection to utilities and circumstances connected with environs.
Perfect knowledge on these input data co-determines the methods used as well as their success.
However, the ensuing reduction of dust generation is not substantial; · covering of buildings/structures requiring protection.
Although this method brings about good results (some sources claim a 50 % reduction of dust generation), it has its disadvantages, too.
In the framework of construction preparation the entity preparing the design of blasting operations must be provided with sufficient data, comprising primarily the size (dimensions) of demolished buildings, description of building materials, technical state of buildings intended for demolition, their connection to utilities and circumstances connected with environs.
Perfect knowledge on these input data co-determines the methods used as well as their success.
However, the ensuing reduction of dust generation is not substantial; · covering of buildings/structures requiring protection.
Although this method brings about good results (some sources claim a 50 % reduction of dust generation), it has its disadvantages, too.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Emmanuel Annerel, Luc Taerwe
Mostly these influencing parameters result in a further reduction of the compressive strength compared to the strength loss already induced by the temperature.
It is noted that those values are smaller than the strengths found for test samples xxx°C,A,0d, which are from the available test data the ones with the most representative test condition for hot strength.
When for theses conditions the superposition is applied based on the values from Table 4, the derived strength losses are too large compared to the experimental data.
· The studied high performance concrete mix suffers from almost no strength loss when exposed to 350°C and about 35% additional reduction in case of water cooling.
When heating to 550°C, respectively 40% and 30% of reductions are found
It is noted that those values are smaller than the strengths found for test samples xxx°C,A,0d, which are from the available test data the ones with the most representative test condition for hot strength.
When for theses conditions the superposition is applied based on the values from Table 4, the derived strength losses are too large compared to the experimental data.
· The studied high performance concrete mix suffers from almost no strength loss when exposed to 350°C and about 35% additional reduction in case of water cooling.
When heating to 550°C, respectively 40% and 30% of reductions are found
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Pierre Montmitonnet, Talib Dbouk, Nicolas Legrand
They are therefore really complex and need a lot of physical data.
Recently, for very small reductions (temper rolling), Krimpelstätter [13] suggested the importance of a hitherto neglected term in the roll elastic deformation, namely the tangential displacement.
This isothermal model should be precise and robust for a wide range of reduction, strip thickness, rolling speeds, lubricant viscosity etc.
They measured friction in the cold rolling process of aluminium strip at different reductions and oil temperatures.
The authors showed that µ depends firstly on film thickness / combined roughness ratio (H), and on strip thickness reduction.
Recently, for very small reductions (temper rolling), Krimpelstätter [13] suggested the importance of a hitherto neglected term in the roll elastic deformation, namely the tangential displacement.
This isothermal model should be precise and robust for a wide range of reduction, strip thickness, rolling speeds, lubricant viscosity etc.
They measured friction in the cold rolling process of aluminium strip at different reductions and oil temperatures.
The authors showed that µ depends firstly on film thickness / combined roughness ratio (H), and on strip thickness reduction.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Josef Šedivý, René Drtina, Vlasta Rabe
Problems of data streams
The fundamental limiting factor in transmission of data in general, the baud rate.
If you are satisfied with the picture quality on the level of a feature film to DVD5 (data reduction MPEG-2), will be sufficient flow of 3.5-4 Mb/s for one-way communication.
Fig.1 Logical connections videoconferencing network In terms of data transfer will not likely be able to keep the transmission delay below 250 ms.
Encoder is set to an agreed image format (usually MPEG-2 or MPEG-4) and data flow.
Detailed TS parameters given by top manufacturers in the data sheets
If you are satisfied with the picture quality on the level of a feature film to DVD5 (data reduction MPEG-2), will be sufficient flow of 3.5-4 Mb/s for one-way communication.
Fig.1 Logical connections videoconferencing network In terms of data transfer will not likely be able to keep the transmission delay below 250 ms.
Encoder is set to an agreed image format (usually MPEG-2 or MPEG-4) and data flow.
Detailed TS parameters given by top manufacturers in the data sheets
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Juan San José, Ángela Mangas, Maite Santos, Garbiñe Atxaga, Olatz Adarraga, Jose Ignacio Zarazua
The other input data for simulation are listed next.
The other input data for simulation are listed next.
The other input data for simulation are listed next.
This data is usually related to the oven temperature.
These data are available in next table: Table1.
The other input data for simulation are listed next.
The other input data for simulation are listed next.
This data is usually related to the oven temperature.
These data are available in next table: Table1.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: José L. F. Freire, Adilson C. Benjamin, Ronaldo D. Vieira, Jorge L. C. Diniz
The elastic and plastic strain data of tubular specimens undergoing rupture under internal pressure tests are presented and analyzed.
The reduction factor in the hoop direction (fR)h is given by equation (5).
The data point falling in the right extreme of the plot is related to specimen CDTS 3 and it clearly predicts that fracture will occur along the longitudinal direction, i.e., it is determined by the longitudinal stress.
Figure1: Normalized plot of fracture data points for the pair of DNV-Kastner equations.
An investigation is underway to acquire own and selected published data to look for any extraneous behavior of specimens that present very thin remaining ligaments (less than 2.5mm in large diameter pipes) and that belong to corrosion regions with lengths greater than 50mm.
The reduction factor in the hoop direction (fR)h is given by equation (5).
The data point falling in the right extreme of the plot is related to specimen CDTS 3 and it clearly predicts that fracture will occur along the longitudinal direction, i.e., it is determined by the longitudinal stress.
Figure1: Normalized plot of fracture data points for the pair of DNV-Kastner equations.
An investigation is underway to acquire own and selected published data to look for any extraneous behavior of specimens that present very thin remaining ligaments (less than 2.5mm in large diameter pipes) and that belong to corrosion regions with lengths greater than 50mm.