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As to the economy and reason, they mean that under the condition of the satisfaction with the engineering requirement, we should try to save materials and reduce the height of supporting structure so that to occupy smaller height-space in tower; But in engineering practice, it is difficult to satisfy all these requirements at the same time.
In this paper, the material of the truss is 316L with a allowable stress at 250℃ and the structure maximum deflection must be smaller than 8mm according to the process requirement. 1.top beam 2.supporting bracket 3.web member 4.lower beam Fig.1 The structure of truss supporting structure Parametric modeling.
The beam’s rigidity has a reverse relationship with the product of the material’s elastic modulus and sectional inertia moment.
Once the material of the beam is selected, we could improve the beam’s rigidity only by choosing a suitable section type.
References [1] Song qixiang,Song zongjun and Dong yiliang,“large-scale tower plate reserch and engineering application of typical technology”,petrochemical equipment,Vol.35,No.2,2006, in chinese [2] Yu guangyan,“the designation of trayer’s main beam and liquid reciving tank of atmasphrical large-scale tower”, petroleum refining and chemical engineering,Vol.13,No.3,2002 [3] Zhang hongsong Hu renxi, Kang shiting, “self-study reference of ANSYS 12.0 finite element anylsis ”china machine press [4] Li binghong, Li xin, “the optimization and designation of plane structure of truss based on ANSYS analysis”,Shanxi building, 2007,33(20):54~56 [5] R.Sedaghati, E.Esmailzadeh, “Optimum design of structures with stress and displacement constraints using the force method”, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2003,45(8):1369~1389

Preparation of α High-strength Gypsum from FGD Gypsum by Autoclaved Semi-dry Process Ying Li1, a *, Peng-xuan Duan2, b , Yuan-chao Miao3, c and Qing Li4,d 1Civil and Environmental Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2National Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Resource Utilization and Energy-saving Building Materials, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research, Beijing, 100041, China a liying_lry@163.com, b dpx2003@aliyun.com *Corresponding author Keywords: Autoclaved semi-dry process, Flue gas desulfurization gypsum, α high-strength gypsum Abstract.
Materials and Methods Experimental Materials In this study, FGD gypsum is obtained from Beijing Guohua Electric Power Corporation.
Figure 2 shows the curves of the particle size distribution of the materials.
Journal of the Chinese ceramic society.
Gypsum building material.

Using this method, it was possible to trace the relationship between the phase and the chemical composition of these materials.
Borodulin, Polyester resins for production of goods from polymer composite materials by pressing methods, Polymer Science.
Kharaev, New Polymeric Binders for the Production of Composit, Materials today: proceedings. 11 (2018) 1107-1111
Smirnova, New composite materials based on polycarbonate, Plastics. 1 (1997) 4-6
Snesarevsky, The use of polyplastic materials in the manufacture of automotive electrical equipment, Plastics. 6 (2001) 36-38

Measurement of Forming Stresses in Plain Spherical Bearings using Neutron Diffraction J Woodhead1,a, J D Booker2,b , C E Truman3,c , and V Davydov4,d 1Post-graduate, 2Reader, 3Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Solid Mechanics, University of Bristol, UK 4Instrument Scientist, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Materials Science and Simulation, ASQ-NUM, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland aJ.woodhead@bristol.ac.uk, bJ.D.Booker@Bristol.ac.uk, cC.E.Truman@Bristol.ac.uk, dVadim.Davydov@psi.ch Keywords: Bearings; Cold-forming; Nosing; Neutron Diffraction; Finite-element.
Materials Uni-axial compression tests have been performed to characterise the mechanical properties of the carbon manganese steel, of which the outer race is manufactured, and these properties have been input to the FE model created using Abaqus.
All materials testing conformed to ASTM International Standards for compression testing of metallic materials at room temperature [7].
Plane-specific material properties for common BCC materials were used in subsequent calculations, as is recommended when using data associated with a single crystallographic orientation [10].
[7] “Standard Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Materials at Room Temperture,” vol. 2, no. 1.

The amount of nitrogen concentration absorbed in the material is highly determined by the alloy element found in the material, especially iron and chromium element.
Computer Based Simulation of High Temperatur Corrosion Phenomena, Journal Brazil Chemical, Soc. vol.19 no.1 São Paulo  [3] Widi K.
The effect of Chemical Compositions of Tool Steel On TheLevel of White Layers Homogeneity and The Surface Hardness, International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, Vol I No 2 [4] Mittemeijer E.
Nitriding redistribution in γ´ε iron nitrida compound layer upon annealing, Scripta Materialia 48, 1643–1648, Science direct, Elsevier, Pergamon [9] Pye D., 2003.
Practical Nitriding and Ferritic Nitrocarburising, Materials Park, ASM International [10] Widi K.

Stress distributions and their generation mechanisms in a hetero-epitaxy SOS thin film system are complicated because of the single crystal anisotropy of the materials, their differences in thermal expansion properties and lattice mismatch.
Hughes [4] theoretically estimated the residual stress induced by differences of thermal expansion coefficients between silicon and sapphire materials, and correlated it with the piezoresistanceeffects.
However, in single crystal materials, the measuring directions are limited by the crystallographic orientations of (h k l) planes that can contribute to diffraction; thus 3-axes sample alignments are required to adjust the measured (hkl) plane in the most exact diffraction condition.
Misawa: The Journal of Society of Material Science, Japan Vol.49 (5) (2000), p.534 [12] H.Suzuki, K.Akita and H.Misawa: Jpn.J.
Yang: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.449 (2008), p.56 [18] G.C.A.M.

Rutherford: SPIE Proceedings on Smart Structures and Materials Vol. 2444 (1995) p. 212 [6] A.K.
Wevers: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 265 (1999), p. 254 [9] K.M.
Carter: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 167-168, (1999), p. 162 [10] M.R Gorman and W.H.
[12] ASTM: Standard guide for determining the reproducibility of acoustic emission sensor response, American Society for Testing and Materials Vol. 976 (1994)
Breckenbridge: Materials Evaluation Vol. 39 (1979) p. 60 [14] RUMUL, http://www.rumul.ch, (2003) [15] W.H.

Structure, electrical, optical and magnetic properties of Mn-doped copper nitride thin films deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering JianBo Yang 1,a, XiaoFeng Li 1, XingAo Li 2,b, JianPing Yang 2, Tao Yang 2, MinFen Gu 3 1School of Optoelectronics Engineering，Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications 2 Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Materials Science and Engineering (SMSE), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT); 3Analytical & Testing Center of Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046，China.
Moreno-Armenta et al. [4] has explained that copper nitride is an indirect semiconducting material with a band gap close to 0.25 eV.
X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that all these materials are composed of copper nitride crystallites with anti-ReO3 structure, which exhibiting preferential orientation of the (111) direction and the crystal growth of the Mn-doped copper nitride films were influenced heavily by manganese elements.
First principles study of 3d transition metal doped Cu3N, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 324(19)(2012) 3138–3143 [12] XingAo Li, ZuLi Liu, ZuoBin Yuan, et al.
Insertion of Zn atoms into Cu3N lattice: Structural distortion and modification of electronic properties, Journal of Crystal Growth.321(2011) 157-161.

Hosien and Selim [7] worked on the effects of the geometric parameters of the solar chimney, weather conditions, and alternative outdoor cover materials on the performance of the solar chimney used for the natural ventilation of closed enclosures.
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow. 30.1 (2009) 150-157
Selim, Effects of the geometrical and operational parameters and alternative outer cover materials on the performance of solar chimney used for natural ventilation, Energy and Buildings. 138 (2017) 355-367
[12] Qin, Di, Jiang Liu, and Guoqiang Zhang, A novel solar-geothermal system integrated with earth-to-air heat exchanger and solar air heater with phase change material—numerical modelling, experimental calibration and parametrical analysis, Journal of Building Engineering. 35 (2021) 101971
[14] Soto, Andrés, et al., Simulation and experimental study of residential building with north side wind tower assisted by solar chimneys, Journal of Building Engineering. 43 (2021) 102562

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