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However, in simple semiconductor nano material carrier concentration is not high, therefore, doping will be an important way to improve carrier concentration, and how to effectively control doping become present a difficult problem [8].
References [1] Huang M H, Mao S, Feick H, Yan H, Wu Y, Kind H, Weber E, Russo R and Yang P 2001 Science 292 1897–9 [2] Johnson J C, Yan H, Yang P and Saykally R J 2003 J.
Lett. 84 1189–91 [4] Duan X, Huang Y, Cui Y, Wang J and Lieber C M 2001 Nature 409 66–9 [5] Huang Y, Duan X and Lieber C M 2005 Small 1 142–7 [6] Zhong Z, Qian F, Wang D and Lieber C M 2003 NanoLett. 3 343–6 [7] Wang L, Hu W D, Chen X S, Lu W, JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 108, 054501(2010) [8] ShuHaibo, Chen Xiaoshuang, Ding Zongling, Dong Ruibing, Lu Wei, JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C 115, 14449(2011) [9] ShuHaibo, Chen Xiaoshuang, Zhao Huxian, Zhou Xiaohao, Lu Wei 2010 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C 114, 17514（2010） [10]Li Wang, JianshengJie, Chunyan Wu, Zhi Wang, Yongqiang Yu and QiangPeng 2010 Nanotechnology 21(2010) 285206 (7pp)

User input some structure size of data, load characteristics, material characteristic data and other parameters.
[2] ZhaoLei and JunShengPeng, “Plate and Beam Composite Model for Computing Grade Separation Framed Tunnel Bridges,” Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 1991
[3] ZhouliuXin and ChunLinZhang, “Thick Shell Fem Analysis of a Skewed Treble Box Culvert and Its Photoelastic Test［J］,” BeiJing: China Civil Engineering Journal, 16 no. 4(1983): 67-76
[4] NieLiYing and HongQingWu, “Mechanic Character of Reinforced Concrete Tunnel Bridge ［J］,” Lanzhou: Journal of Lanzhou Railway University, 20 no. 3(2001)
[5] FengWeiXing and KeLiWang, Frame bridge design and construction, Shijiazhuang: Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, February 2000.

Introduction With the action of natural environment, increasing traffic flow and vehicle load, material deterioration, the bridge have undergone various durability drop and bearing capacity degrade.
Beijing: China Communications Press, 1988 (In Chinese) [3] X.M Zong, D.L Hu: Journal of Changan University(Natural Science Edition), Vol.4(2006) p63 (In Chinese) [4] X.L Gu, Y.
Xu, W.P Zhang: Journal of Building Structures.
E:Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol.6(1991) p995 [9] J.F Zhou, M.Y Zhou, D.Q Li: China Rural Water and Hydropower.

., 47, 680021 Khabarovsk, Russia 2Federal State Budget Institution of Science Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials, Kola Scientific Center (ICTREMRM KSC), Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, 26a, 184209 Apatity, Russia apikoul2008@gmail.com, bsidorov@chemy.kolasc.net.ru, cpalat_mn@chemy.kolasc.net.ru Keywords: lithium niobate single crystals, сonoscopic patterns, optical homogeneity Abstract.
Intorduction Crystals of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) are unique in their capabilities of nonlinear optical materials.
Rauber, Chemistry and physics of lithium niobate, Current topic in materials science, ed.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 49 (2013) 012037
Punin, Optical anomalies in crystals, SPb.: Science, 2004.

Introduction Magnesium and magnesium alloy is known the lightest metal engineering materials[1].
Platform Science and Technology for Advanced Magnesium Alloy.Material Science Forum.
Magnesium Alloys Development towards the 21’st Century.Material Science Forum.
Materials Protection.
Zhao: Study of Micro-arc Oxidation Process of Magnesium Alloy Based on Large Area.Materials Protection.

Use of plane-strain tension and shear tests to evaluate yield surfaces for AA1050 aluminium sheet Kai Zhang1,a *, Bjørn Holmedal1,b, Odd Sture Hopperstad2,3,c and Stéphane Dumoulin4,d 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway 2Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway 3Structural Impact Laboratory (SIMLab), Center for Research-based Innovation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway 4SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway akai.zhang@ntnu.no, bbjorn.holmedal@ntnu.no, codd.hopperstad@ntnu.no, dStephane.Dumoulin@sintef.no Keywords: Yld2004-18p, parameter identification, Alamel Type III model, multi-level modelling, finite element simulation Abstract.
Material The AA1050 sheet was of thickness 1.5mm.
The Yld2004-18p yield function was employed to describe the yield surface of the AA1050 material.
Hershey, The plasticity of an isotropic aggregate of anisotropic face centred cubic crystals, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 21 (1954) 241-249
Langseth, Assessment of yield and fracture criteria using shear and bending tests, Materials & Design, 30 (2009) 596-608.

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 6.1 (2002): 27-34
ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems.
Advanced Materials 27.20 (2015): 3165-3169
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 74, No. 10, October, 2005, pp. 2743–2747 [15] M.
Histographic approach to normalization of x-ray diffraction pictures of monocrystalline materials.

This paper explores to produce SCGC made with locally available materials by examining its mechanical properties.
In addition, cement is among the most energy intensive construction materials, after aluminium and steel [1].
Geopolymer based materials are environmentally friendly and need only moderate energy to produce.
Materials For making SCGC, the materials used were fly ash as source material, fine and coarse aggregate, sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate as alkaline activators and superplasticizer. 2.1.1.
[17] Khale, D., Chaudhary, R., Mechanism of geopolymerization and factors influencing its development: A review, Journal of Material Science, vol. 42, no. 3, 2007, pp. 729–746

Wood and Fiber Science, Vol.19 No.2 (1987), p. 147-164 [3] Bui-Quoc Thang: Cumulative Damage with Interaction Effect Due to Fatigue under Torsion Loading.
Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, Vol.11 No.1 (1988), p. 2-6 [5] W Nelson: Accelerated Life Testing-Step-Stress Models and Data Analysis.
Research on Double-Crossed Step-Stress Accelerated Life Testing for Pneumatic Cylinder, Master Dissertation, School of Automation Science and Electronical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China (2011) [9] H Chemoff: Optimal Accelerated Life Designs for Estimation.
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Vol.23 No.5 (2009), p.1225-1233 [14] M.
International Journal of Fracture, Vol.124 No.3-4 (2003), p.153-177 [15] Toshio Nakagawa: Shock and Damage Models in Reliability Theory.

Spin-Off Maneuvers of Flexible Satellite Using PD Based Constant-Amplitude Inputs Setyamartana Parman1, Radzuan Razali2 and Azman Zainuddin1 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Tronoh 31750, Perak, Malaysia.
Due to the weight limitation in launching, the materials for constructing the satellite must be light in weight.
Koguchi, Rest-to-Rest Attitude Maneuvers of a Satellite with Flexible Solar Panels by Using Input Shapers, Computer Assisted Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, 5(4)(1999), 421-441
Koguchi, Controlling the Attitude Maneuvers of Flexible Spacecraft by Using Time-Optimal/Fuel-Efficient Shaped Inputs, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 221(4)(1999), 545-565
Journal of Applied Sciences, (2012), DOI: 10.3923/jas.2012.