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As a result, a reduction of input power on the compressor leads to energy savings in the A/C.
First, the measured data were taken on the air conditioner which was operated with R290 as working fluid and using mineral oil lubricant without nanoparticle.
To obtain the cooling capacity and COP, the measured data are plotted in P-h (pressure vs. enthalpy) diagram as shown in Fig. 1.
(4) (5) The input power reduction due to nanoparticle in the lubricant is calculated by Eq. (6)
Using Eq. (6), the input power reduction on the air conditioner using nanoparticle in the lubricant is 3.1%.

IT has the ability of all-weather, all-day, large area, the distance to obtain real-time high-resolution image data.
If it has not the additive noise component, When compared with the details of target the radar imaging system resolution is smaller, the sampling interval of the speckle noise pollution is big enough, and a pixel quality of reduction are independent of each other, the SAR image speckle noise model can be simplified as multiplicative noise model.
Fig 1 Improvement of denoising algorithm flow chart spot 2 Experiment results and analysis of SAR image In order to evaluate denoising effect, we need not only evaluation of the noise reduction effect from the visual perception, also need the objective evaluation index of noise reduction effect, the real SAR images, the commonly used evaluation indicators are: smooth index FI; Edge to keep index ESI;equivalent number of looks ENL; Histogram test filtering effect; The mean value; Standard variance; Edge to keep index (FOM); Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR); The mean square error (MSE), and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
This paper adopted two evaluation indexes to do detailed analysis to the result of the filtering, the data listed in table 2, and the corresponding edge detection image as shown in figure 4 C From figure 2 and figure 3and figure 2, table 1, it shows the comparison from the denoising ability and FOM to various filtering algorithm. 1. the denoising ability .The mean filter has a superior noise smoothing ability; Median filter is different from the mean filter, which will not cause the fuzzy boundaries of SAR image in the attenuation of noise, also can be better to isolate speckle noise; Lee filter effect is better than median filter but the noise of the edge is still obvious; Frost eliminate the speckle noise very well, but there are still some spots.

Result shows that a significant reduction of the particle size occurred when the substrate was placed in the spray jet.
The reduction in particle size was due to the effect of the blockage of the substrate on the spray.
Test data were obtained by averaging results of five test runs.
A significant reduction of the particle size occurred when the substrate was placed in the spray jet.
The reduction in particle size was due to the effect of the blockage of the substrate on the spray.

The experimental data was firstly processed utilizing the method of multi-factorial total probability formula evaluation.
Connecting with the practice of production site, the weights of IS, RS, HS, SS and TS were select to be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.1 and 0.3 respectively. 2.2 Experimental analysis Statistics and regression analysis in Minitab 16 were used to process data.
So the cost reduction of the new formula is obvious in general.
Organic matter easily decomposes at high temperature, so C1 and C2 are significant to the high temperature performance, which is also shown by the data of Table 3.
Low-cost carbon-based briquettes for the reduction of NO emissions: Optimal preparation procedure and influence in operating conditions[J].

Ag-Au BMNPs formed by the co-reduction of Au(III) and Ag(I) ions in aqueous leaves extract solution where the extract act as both reducing and capping agent.
Bimetallic colloids could be prepared either by simultaneous co-reduction of two kinds of metals to give alloy or successive reduction and deposition one metal over the nuclei of another to have core-shell morphology.
Co-reduction of silver and gold ions forms the Ag-Au BMNPs predominantly, along with few togetherness of both NPs observed in HRTEM images which is due to successive reduction of metal ions.
There is also a strong signal for Cu in the EDX data, which come from Cu TEM grid.
Zhao, Pt skin coated hollow Ag-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles with high catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction, J. of Power Sources 36515 (2017) 17-25

Increasing safety in the structural engineering design of buildings, bridges, parking decks, tunnels, and offshore structures requires high quality experimental data and reliable modeling of the stress-strain relationships of sulfate affected-damaged concrete.
The compressive load and axial deformation data was recorded by data logger and installed to the computer.
Since the internal craking on concrete can be identified by relative dynamic elastic modulus, and the measuring of relative dynamic elastic modulus is very easy to carry on the existing structures, then the reduction of compressive strength, the reduction of modulus of elasticity and the increasing of strain at peak stress of concrete exposed to sulfuric acid in this study were formulated as a function of relative dynamic elastic modulus.
The proposed stress-strain relationship was based on the experimental data tested on this study.
The results showed good correlation with the experimental data.

Sintering time and temperature are important for this research, since the anatase phase of TiO2 has been shown to offer superior photocatalytic properties [6] and DSSC efficiencies [7], but can be converted to the rutile phase at high sintering temperatures, especially after an extended sintering process; and although moderate rutile concentrations can improve the efficiency, beyond a certain concentration the net effect is a reduction in the device efficiency, which is shown at the extreme end of our data range.
The data presented is the average of five (for I-V or J-V) and three (for EIS and OCVD) runs on each of the sample cells, which were then averaged across each batch for accurate representative data.
The cell efficiency (η) and fill factor were determined from the raw current/voltage data from the following equations: η= ImpVmpIvA Fill factor FF= ImpVmpIscVoc Here Imp, & Vmp, represent the peak power current and voltage, Iv, & A, the incident cell irradiance and area, and Isc, & Voc the short circuit current and open – circuit voltage respectively.
J-V plots for samples of the formulation doped with lanthanum at 2.00% and sintered at temperatures ranging from 300°C to 600°C are shown in figure 2, and parametric data are included in table 2 below.
Although the range of sintering temperatures for this dataset did not extend all the way to 600°C, the plot of electron lifetime (obtained from semi-circular fits to the data in figure 4 (a)) versus sintering temperature in figure 4 (b) seems to show that the ideal temperature for producing optimized cells would occur at a midrange temperature above 300°C, but below 500°C, in keeping with the previous results presented from the study.

The elastic micro-mechanical features of individual phases were derived from grid indentation data measured on selected samples (Ti 700 series, Hysitron Inc.).
Indentation moduli of individual phases were derived from normalized histograms of the measured data using spectral deconvolution.
The histograms were cleared from incorrectly measured data, caused by human error or environmental conditions.
Overall effective micro-mechanical features were determined from merged, independently processed data of both material levels.
Collected data of this particular study (microscale investigation of material homogenization) are to be further used in material simulation of the composite.

Previous studies [2,3] proved the reduction in drying shrinkage of limestone concrete but in those studies are not yet clear the mechanism that affect this reduction.
This paper deals with the volume change of limestone itself and it is thought that this could be a reason of the reduction in drying shrinkage of concrete.
The gauge was attached to a data logger equipment which was measuring its volume change.
The reduction of the drying shrinkage in concrete made with limestone was possibly caused by the volume change of aggregate.

Generally, it is believed that the interaction between the chains and substrate enhances with decreasing film thickness, leading to the reduction of mobility of the chain molecules, thus, the crystal growth rates derease.
For the films thinner than 6nm, the reduction of the growth rate with decreasing film thickness became more obvious, and the size of the dendritic crystal had changed, as shown in Fig. 1b.
The diffusion length of chains from the melt to the crystal growth front increases, leading to the reduction of the diffusion rate, further resulting in the decrease of the crystal growth rate, which is the reason for the foregoing non-linear increase of lamellar surfaces.
The full line represents a fit of equation (1) to the measured data[14].
For the films thicker than the crystal thickness, the growth rate is controlled by the common nucleation mechanism, the decrease of the growth rate is attributed to the reduction of the film thickness.