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The grain size of WC was about 50nm measured by FWHM of XRD.
The reduction product of the steam discharged from the inside outwards, leaving a number of small voids in the surface of the sphere consequently.
Fig.3 SEM image of WC-Co composite powder Fig.4 XRD patterns of powder at different stages WC grain size and phase.
The FWHM method of XRD was used to measure the grain size of WC, whose results are shown in Figure 5.
The grain size of WC is about 50 nm.

Today, in Japan, Korea, Chinese province Taiwan and other seismic regions, there are also a large number of applications[1].
Wood’s moisture content met the relevant requirements in the code ’design of timber structures’[5].This experiment invovled two groups of samples(three in each group) which meaned a total of 6 specimens, including specimens A-1, A-2, A-3 made of fine-grained domestic timber, and specimen B-1, B -2, B-3 made of the coarse-grained imported timber.
BHR-5 type sensor was selected to measure the load, and its channel number was 1-1.
The first displacement meter (10mm) channel number was 1-2, and the second one was 1-3.
(3) The test results of screw connection stiffness has turned out to have great dispersion, and the screw connection stiffness was significantly affected by the direction of wood grain, so the direction of shear stress and the angle of wood grain should be considered in the calculation of screw connection stiffness

The microstructure has become fibrous and the grains are strongly elongated in the direction of wire drawing DD.
The number of twists before failure-t/f increases then decreases at Ɛ = 74.5%.
Mechanical properties of D45-2 medium-carbon steel wires. a) Tensile strength and Elongation, b) Number of twist before failure.
Conclusion Scanning electron microscopy allowed us to analyze the grains morphology.
The number of twists before failure-t/f increases then decreases.

In the past decade, researchers have tested a number of materials for RRAM, such as TiO2 [6], NiO [7], Cu2O [8], ZnO [9,10] and perovskite oxide thin films such as doped SrTiO3 [11], doped Bi4Ti3O12 [12] and doped manganite [13].
The SEM images in Fig. 2 (b) show that the surface of the films is flat and few gaps exist among grains.
Crystal grains of ZnMn2O4 films are spherical shape, arranged closed and distributed evenly.
Summary ZnMn2O4 films with spinel structure prepared by magnetron sputtering have good adhesion with substrate and are polycrystalline annealed at 600°C, the grains of ZnMn2O4 films are spherical shape, arranged closed and distributed evenly.
ZnMn2O4 films with a thickness of 0.83μm have the highest RHRS, lower RLRS, biggest RHRS/RLRS ratio, the lowest VON and VOFF, but the lowest number of stable switching cycles.

The results show that the grains are refined after rapid solidification processing, and the micro-nanocrystals are formed.
The length of grain in main growing direction is approximately 1mm, the grains are refined.
Rapidly solidification makes α-Al solid solution supersaturated into a large number of (a) (b) alloy elements Si, Mg, Cu and Mn.
Thus, the lattice parameters of α-Al was decreased in this experiment. 3 Conclusion (1) The grain of the alloy prepared by the single-roller method is refined and the microstructure of micro-nanocrystal is formed
Bejing: Science Press,2004 [4] Zhonghua Zhang, Xiufang Bian, Zhenqing Wang, Xiangfa Liu, Yan Wang.Microstructures and grain refinement performance of rapidly solidified Al-Ti-C master alloys[J].

The thermal shock resistance was quantified by recording the number of thermal shock cycles up to failure.
Therefor cracks of laser remelting decreases and micro-cracks caused by solidification shrinkage generated along grain boundary.
The crystallinity and the grain sizes of remelted coating increase. 2.
There were a large number of pores and cracks scattered in the coating. 3.
Segmentation cracks were observed along the grain boundaries and pores decrease obviously. 4.

The cut specimen as shown in Fig. 2 was performed the wear test followed ASTM G65 with 80 mesh number dry sand, 390 g/min sand flow rate, 200 rpm rubber wheel rotating speed, 130 N test load, and 30 min test time.
Fig. 6 Grain size in weld metals of various interpass temperatures (IPT).
The average grain sized in this HAZ was less than 5 mm when it was examined following ASTM E112.
The carbon steel phases were disappeared and combined to the melt metal to form an equi-axed grain in the weld metal as shown in Fig. 4c-e.
The equi-axed grain was decreased in size when the hard-faced metal layer increased from 1 to 3 layers as shown in Fig. 4c-e and Fig. 6.

Properties of CBN Abrasive Grain at Room Temperature.
At first, single grain's compressive strength and impact toughness were tested for A, B, C and D four kinds of CBN abrasive grain.
From Fig 2 we make out: A grain has regular shape and surface is coarseness, B grain has regular shape and pointedness, surface is smooth, C grain has regular shape, pointedness and surface smooth is not as good as B, D grain has the best regular shape and pointedness, surface is smooth.
Nice properties of D grains were more proved.
General, the life of the wheel is often indicated by the numbers of workpieces ground.

Addition of MWCNTs developed grain refinement by the FSP and grain size less than 500 nm was obtained [8].
The grain size of the base metal was measured to be about 40 µm.
In fact, the presence of these agglomerated particles deteriorates both pinning effect and nucleation of SiC particles because, the actual number of SiC particles decreases.
Table. 1 Average grains size specimens FSPed by different process parameters.
Increasing the traverse speed decreases the grain size in TMAZ.

TiB2 can act not only as a grain refiner for primary Al but also as a modifier of Si in eutectic mixture.
The proeutectic α-Al clearly shows the evidence of grain refinement and the dendritic α-Al changes to fine equiaxed grain structure in presence of TiB2.
Thus, from the above discussion it is clear that TiB2 particles not only lead to grain refinement but also have a tendency to modify the eutectic Si.
A number of the platelets were compact and appeared to have undergone some plastic deformation, since the surface of the platelets had some flow lines from plastic deformation.
TiB2 can act not only as a grain refiner for primary Al but also as modifier of Si in the eutectic mixture.