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Waves, currents, and tides re-distribute material collected on the beach.
Materials and Methods Aerial Photogrammetry UAV DJI Phantom 4 was introduced in carrying works related to aerial photogrammetry at the coastal area.
Duong, "Investigation of Pantai Punggur Coastal Erosion by using UAV Photogrammetry.," International Journal of Nanoelectronics & Materials, 15, 2022 [13] P.
Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 13.4 (2017): 825-831
McNeil, "Effects of sediment bulk properties on erosion rates," Science of7the Total Environment, 266(1-3), 41-48, 2001

Khazaal1,d 1Applied Chemistry Branch, Applied Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
Introduction Nanotechnology is a unique branch of science that deals with materials in a very small size between (1-100 nm) with different crystal shapes such as spherical nanoparticles, nanorods, nanoplatelets, nanoribbons, and flower-like.
Semiconductor materials were mainly interesting due to their great practical importance in optoelectronic devices and electronic such as magnetic storage devices, catalytic activity, catalase mimic, electro chemical cell [16-19], and at crystalline structure of the prepared CuO was characterized by diffraction (XRD), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and antimicrobial application [20].
Our study aimed to prepare copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles using inexpensive materials, by famous way (Sol-Gel) and estimate the surface morphology of the nanoparticles.
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2013. 396: 29-38

The material of sample is hardened Gcr15.
Acknowledgement This work was sponsored by National Science Foundation of China Project.
Liu: Journal of Machining Science and Technology, (2002) No.8, pp.745-753
Parratt: Probability and Experimental Errors in Science (Wiley, USA 1961)
Liu: Machining Science and Technology, Vol. 9 (2005) No.4, pp.463-479.

Material of the tubes and the fins were SA210A1.
Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2010,30(7):508-511
Corrosion Science,1997, 39( 1): 159-173
Nitrate stress corrosion cracking in waste heat recovery boilers[J].Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, 2002, 49(2):118-126
Corrosion Science, 1988, 28(3): 251-258

Goyal1* 1Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, College of Engineering, Pune -411005, India
Experimental procedure Materials Commercial PAEK (1100PF graded) powder donated by Gharda Chemicals Ltd., Thane (Mumbai), India, was used as matrix.
Goyal, D.Vaishnav, Thermal and Dielectric Properties of High Performance Polymer/ZnO Nanocomposites, Material Science and Engineering, 64 (2014) 012016
Goyal, Disappearance of Curie Temperature of BaTiO3 Nanopowder Synthesised by High Energy Ball Mill, Journal of Materials Science & Surface Engineering, 4 (3) (2016) 383-385
[16] G.C.Psarras, E.Manolakaki, G.M.Tsangaris, Dielectric dispersion and ac conductivity in—Iron particles loaded—polymer composites, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 34 (2003) 1187-1198

Study on Single-Pulse Discharges under special Flushing Conditions Markus Munz1, a, David Sternkopf 1, b, Rüdiger Haas 1, c 1Hochschule Karlsruhe – Technik und Wirtschaft, University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Materials and Processes (IMP), Moltkestraße 30, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany amarkus.munz@hs-karlsruhe.de, bdavid.sternkopf@hs-karlsruhe.de, cruediger.haas@hs-karlsruhe.de Keywords: Single-pulse discharges, volume flow, EDM drilling.
Single discharge experiments are done to explain the effects of the discharge current, the discharge duration, dielectric fluids or properties of used materials.
The more resolidified material is located at the crater edge, the less material is removed from the discharge spot.
Figure 7: Removed material at different flushing conditions After the drop of removed material on the tool electrode at 10 l/h the removed material increases with an increasing volume flow.
Li, Study of the effect of machining parameters on the machining characteristics in electrical discharge machining of tungsten carbide, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 115 (2001) 344-358 [10] M.

Resulting parts show high detail resolution and no support structures are required, however mechanical strength is lower compared to conventional manufacturing methods and only few materials are currently qualified [6].
Direct energy deposition can be described as a process in which focused thermal energy is used to fuse materials by melting as they are being deposited.
Poprawe, Laser additive manufacturing of metallic components: materials, processes and mechanisms, International Materials Reviews 57, 2012
Hague, Make or buy analysis for rapid manufacturing, Rapid Prototyping Journal 13, 2007
Zimmer, Design for Additive Manufacturing - Element transitions and aggregated structures, CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 7, 2014

Zasadziński1,d 1AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, A.
Tomesani, Seam welds in hollow profile extrusion: process mechanics and product properties, Materials Science Forum, vols. 604-605, 121 – 131, 2009
Leśniak, Numerical Analysis of Aluminium Alloys Extrusion Through Porthole Dies, Key Engineering Materials, vol. 424 (2010), pp 105-111
Akeret, Properties of pressure welds in extruded aluminum alloy sections, Journal of the Institute of Metals, vol. 100, 202-207, 1972
Woźnicki, High-temperature homogenization of AlCuMg alloys for extrusion in T5 temper, Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, vol. 55, issue 2/10, 499-513, 2010.

Khan Sharp1,e and Gunnar Härkegård3,f 1 Aerospace Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, 506 Lorimer St, Fishermans Bend, Victoria, Australia 3207 2 School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, PO Box 71 Bundoora Victoria 3083 3 Department of Engineering Design and Materials, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO7491 Trondheim, Norway a Bruce.Crawford@dsto.defence.gov.au, b Chris.Loader@dsto.defence.gov.au, c Qianchu.Liu@dsto.defence.gov.au, d s3137669@student.rmit.edu.au, e Khan.Sharp@dsto.defence.gov.au, f gunnar.harkegard@ntnu.no Keywords: Aircraft; Structural Integrity; Corrosion; Corrosion Fatigue; Probabilistic Modeling Abstract: It is well established that corrosion pits reduce the fatigue life and structural integrity of aluminum alloy aircraft components.
Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 28 (9) 795-808 [3] Crawford, B.
DSTO-TR-2080, Defence Science and Technology Organisation [9] LINKftr.
International Journal of Fatigue 19 (SUPPL.1) S275-S283 [12] Harter, J.
Philadelphia, American Society of Testing and Materials 1-14

Research on Secondary Effluent and Reclaimed Water Reusing for Concrete Mixing Yongsheng Shi1,a, Lin Wang1,a, Yuzhen Shi2,b, Yongwei Cheng1 1 Faculty of Architectural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650224, China 2 Department of Chemical and biological engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom alinquanhj@163.com; bcpp10ys@shef.ac.uk Key words: Ageing Resistance ability, Basic Mechanical Properties, Concrete, Mixture ability, Reclaimed water, Secondary effluent.
It also laid a technical basis for the adoption of secondary effluent and reclaimed water in pouring and curing concrete. 1 Materials and Equipment 1.1 Raw Materials and Mixing 1.1.1 Raw Materials Ordinary Portland Cement, P·O 32.5; coarse aggregate (gravel) apparent density is 2.724(g/cm3), Moisture Content when mixing is 5%, macadam gradating is 5~40mm; fine aggregate (sand) apparent density is 2.694(g/cm3), mud content to 4%, Moisture Content when mixing 8%, fineness modulus is Mx=2.22, medium sand was used when mixing. 1.1.2 Water Use in Mixing and in Curing Drinking water; secondary effluent water comes from the Fourth and the Fifth effluent wastewater treatment plant in Kunming; reclaimed water comes from the Fourth and the Fifth effluent wastewater treatment plant in Kunming and Water station on Bailong Campus of Kunming University of Science and Technology.
Ltd. 1.1.4 The Proportion of Raw Materials A;B;C denote respectively the water from Kunming Fifth Wastewater Treatment Plant,the water from Kunming Fourth Wastewater Treatment Plant and the water from Water station on Bailong Campus of Kunming University of Science and Technology.
The particles the secondary effluent or reclaimed water contained can fill into the intervals of the cement which may improve the ratios of particles with different diameter and modify the particle size distribution of cementing material.
Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University[J], 2002, 21(1):125-128