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Moreover, the efficiency of energy saving and emission reduction in water transport is constantly highlighted and water safety situation is further improved.
Third, environmental benefit, marine energy conservation and emission reduction of ships embodied the environmental benefits of water transport.
Europe, the United States and other developed countries have taken carbon emissions as futures trading. [4] Marine energy conservation and emission reduction can bring real economic benefits.
Waterborne statistic data and reports can be used as the base, since the assessment "expedite Chongqing "construction for three years, is considerable.
Table 3 The social contributions of waterborne safety from 2008 to 2010 in Chongqing Year 2008 2009 2010 The safety value equivalents of water transport in Chongqing (one hundred million yuan ) 2.2974 1.8662 2.4755 3.2.3 Environmental benefit Energy saving benefit = average energy consumption reduction x total freight turnover volume x diesel unit price Emission reduction benefits = average energy consumption reduction x Freight Turnover Volume x equivalent ratio of standard coal by diesel x equivalent ratio of Co2 by C x Co2 trading unit price Among them: equivalent ratio of standard coal by diesel is 1.457 National Standard of diesel equivalent to standard coal GB/T 2589-2008), the trading unit price of CO2 adopts the carbon futures offer of the European Union emission permits (EUA) charged by European Climate Exchange ( EDX ).

The height reduction ratio of the deformed specimen is 36.6%.
Under such height reduction ratio, the average width and thickness of flake are 100.90 micron and 12.74 micron, respectively.
It could be concluded that the raise in Br value is directly proportional to the increase of height reduction ratio.
Inferred from the data in Table 3, the BHmax value could be improved to over 40MGOe if the Br value of specimen B could be raised to 13.0kG.
Judging from the data in Table 3, the Br values of SPS specimen and CAPA specimen are about the same.

These nanosalt fluids performed an excellent trend of surface tension and IFT reduction in comparison with distilled water too.
Results and Discussion SEM and XRD data of ZnO nanoparticles Fig. 1 shows typical SEM images of various ZnO nanostructure morphologies.
Table 2 shows the measured surface and interfacial tension data of the basic nanofluids.
Observed reduction of IFT is the result of the presence of nanoparticles at the interfacial layers.
The results of our experiments reveal that ZnO nanofluids have significant impact on reduction of surface tension and IFT.

The aim of this paper is to compare traditional and cryogenic turning of Ti6Al4V in a region of cutting parameters particularly relevant to the aerospace industry where no previous data are available.
Besides, the results showed that a small but significant reduction can be achieved for both the repulsion force and the coefficient of friction at the tool-workpiece interface.
In fact, recent research works prove that force reduction is greatest when using high feed rate and low depth of cut combinations [7], if keeping constant the cutting speed.
It is worth observing that, due to inherent difficulties in measuring the actual flow rate of the coolant, it is very difficult if not impossible to find data about this supposedly important parameter.
All the analysed cutting force data are referred to the first passes of each test when the tool wear is negligible, to ignore the typical increase in cutting forces that occurs when the insert is nearing the end of its life.

The calculated sound absorption coefficient and noise reduction coefficient are presented in Table 3.
EDS Test Results and element composition in polyester fibers Based on test data using an impedance tube, the sound dampener of used fabric fiber-used tire rubber composite shows promising results in each sample.
The Noise Reduction Coefficient is at a ratio of 60:40, which is 0.8114.
The highest Noise Reduction Coefficient is at a pressure of 10 tf with an NRC of 0.8114.
The highest Noise Reduction Coefficient at a temperature of 150oC is 0.8114.

In article the structural analysis of power consumption of the building of kindergarten is carried out, on the basis of the analysis of actual data of heatconsumption and the carried-out tool energy audit the data, allowing to estimate a condition of systems of heating, power supply, water supply are obtained.
Data about the building Object of research – the building consisting of one case: the two-storeyed.
Summary data on financial expenses are presented also in table 3. [23] Table 3.
The economy is warm at introduction of this action може to reach 40% (according to data of the producer).
The economy of heat at introduction of this action can make to 40% (according to data of the producer).

As the population of the city and social economic develop, the city's transport demand continues to grow; the latest data of travel volume within six ring roads in Beijing kept increasing year by year from 2007 to 2010 is shown in Table 1.
Apply the data from table 1 and table 3 into formula (1), we get the total carbon emissions and carbon emissions of different transport modes from 2007 to 2010, which is shown in Table 4.
Setting the data of 2010 as a benchmark, assuming that the share rate of other means of transport, travel distance are the same, we put the above data into formula (1), we can get the data that by 2020 the carbon emissions of six ring in Beijing will be 22.18 million tons, which is 2.09 times on the data of 2010.
And the carbon emission of private cars is 15.73 million tons, which is 2.32 times that of the data of 2010, as the major source of carbon emissions.
Put the above data into formula(1), we can get the total carbon emissions within six ring road areas of Beijing is 19.15 million tons, lower than to the scenario 1, but the declination is not obvious.

The products from oxidation zone along with char then move into the reduction zone, where they undergo reduction reactions under high temperature and limited oxygen conditions.
As the gasification proceeds, products (char, gases and tars) from the pyrolysis zone descend through the hot oxidation and reduction zones transforming into CO, CH4, CO2, H2, and H2O, leading to significant reduction of tars in the process.
However, performance of the gasifier was evaluated using average of data collected during five experimental runs.
Possibilities for Future Research Arising from this study, other areas of possible future research interests aimed at expanding the scope of study, improving on data collection and measurement accuracy as well as examining the breadth of biomass suitability of the gasifier system have been highlighted.
Other areas of interest include integrating online syngas composition analyser to the gasifier system to improve data collection and measurement accuracy as well as process simulations to enable a better understanding of the downdraft gasifier system’s responses to various conditions.

The DRT as the temperature for which reduction in area is above 3% (Table 2).
Reduction in area and strength of the AZ91 alloy as a function of temperature: a) material in the as-delivered state, b) material after supersaturation and ageing (HT II) a b Fig. 4.
It has been discovered that the reduction of the Mg17Al12 precipitations with the massive morphology as a result of heat treatment increases resistance to hot cracking which is proven by NST values (Fig. 4).
The ductility recovery temperature is 370 oC in the as-delivered state, but increases to 400 oC with the reduction of the volumetric content of the Mg17Al12 massive phase and increases to 410 oC after supersaturation and ageing
Metallurgy, Design Data, Applications, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, (2006)

Piezoelectric Impedance Based Prestress Force Monitoring for PSC Beam Zhigang Guo 1, a, Zhi Sun 2, b 1State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China 2State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China ahuily1984@gmail.com, bsunzhi1@tongji.edu.cn Key words: EMI sensing, PZT patch, Prestress force, Statistics index.
Concerning that the prestress loss in the tendon will induce the reduction of load carrying capacity of the beam, the way to monitor the variation of prestress force in the tendons is one of recent research interest.
After each measurement, data were transmitted and stored to a computer for analysis.
Acknowledgements This research is supported by the Rising-star program of Shanghai Commission of the Science and Technology (Grant No. 09QH1402300), and the independent research program of state key laboratory for disaster reduction in civil engineering (SLDRCE09-B-15).