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Theoretical and numerical analysis focused on two main factors which are the spring force and the variation of the stress at a specific locations across the spring section related to the deflection.
In the FEM analysis, the used mechanical and physical characteristics properties of the Belleville spring material should be settled during the simulation, so that to identify the purpose of design analysis.
The mechanical strength properties were included in the ANSYS APDL program, these properties are obtained from the mechanical and physical qualities documents as in Ref [10] and These mechanical and physical properties used in the simulation are listed in Table .2.
The used physical and mechanical properties of the Belleville spring material in the numerical analysis, [10].
According to this analysis, two factors that have been discussed in this work, the main conclusions are as follow; 1.

Considering the milling force coefficient affected by each milling parameters, the orthogonal experiment of four factors and four levels are designed, and the milling coefficient is solved by MATLAB.
Aluminum alloy materials are widely used in national defense and aviation industry owing to its special properties.
Each factor has four levels, L16 (44) orthogonal test table is applied to the four factors of four levels in the experiment, such as shown in Table 1.
Huang, Chinese Mechanical Engineering, 141 (2003) 684 -686 [2] S.
Cao, Modern Mechanical, 10 (2010) 13 [5] X.

After a detailed analysis, we considered that materials used in automotive industry properties could be improved if we cover them with thin layers but with high properties.
Experimental The aim of this study is increasing of tribological properties of idlers.
The deposition parameters are variable [3], and influences the quality of the coatings and mechanical properties as well.
Appropriate sensors and design solutions have to be adopted to observe the main affecting parameters of fretting.
Barca., Gears materials analysis in order to establish the mechanical properties, Bulletin of the Pollitechnic Institute of Iasi, Romania., (2010)

The penetration and curing rules of the catalyst in the resined-sand particles are the main factors to determine the shape of the scanning lines.
The surface quality of the sand mould directly affects the surface quality of castings.
To improve the quality of the surface of the sand mould, these factors need to be eliminated or reduced their influence.
The penetration of curing agent in the resined sand is determined by the physical properties of the curing agent and the speed when it reaching the surface of the sand mould.
Effective factors on forming precision in patternless casting manufacturing technique[J].

This study evaluates one of the influencing factors, the starter defect.
Introduction Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have superior tailor-made properties that are not attainable from conventional material.
Hence, measure of delamination resistance is essential properties of CFRP composites.
Fibre-matrix adhesion and its effect on composite mechanical properties: IV.
Mode II stress-intensity factors for cracked wood beams.

Based on a variation of important process factors, a polynomial regression modelis derived to fit the data.
Anyhow, also a correlation between kL and kz is visible which stands for a coupling of both properties.
In order to unite this criterion with maximizing kz, weighing factors for each criterion are commonly introduced.
The presented method can be transferred to controlling both, axial and lateral stiffness or other properties.
A major limitation is the coupling of the desired properties, i. e. the axial stiffness cannot freely be manipulated without affecting the lateral stiffness.

Mechanical properties and shrinkage are varied with concrete aging based on experimental material characterization.
The reference mechanical properties at 28 days for NSC are given in Table 2.
The reference mechanical properties at 28 days for HPC are given in Table 2.
Mechanical properties of the interface are assumed considering the values proposed by Model Code 2010 [8], as indicated in Table 4.
Plizzari, A study of some factors affecting bond in cementitious fiber reinforced repairs, Cement and Concrete Research, 63 (2014), 117-126

For all tests, the crack closure effect is more pronounced at low stress intensity factor range (in the threshold domain). 1.
Also, the analysis was performed on the base material, following that in the second part of the study to be analyzed the fatigue crack growth rate in welded metal and HAZ (Heat Affected Zone).
Also, the components of the web core sandwich panel were made of steel S355J2G2 and respectively S235JR, whose nominal mechanical properties are given in Table 1.
The nominal mechanical properties of the materials of web core sandwich panel components.
Also, during the tests the crack closure load, Pcl, was determined and respectively the closure stress intensity factor, Kcl, based on which was calculated the effective stress intensity factor range, ΔKeff, using Equation 1.

Combined Application of Three Nondestructive Testing methods in Simulation Test of a Large Concrete-filled Steel Tube Mingru Zhoua, Zhongyu Guob, Qiongfei Shen c and Zhengbo Li d School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China azhoumr@lut.cn,bzhongyu.guo@gmail.com,csfut@163.com,dli34dt@126.com Keywords：CFST, Nondestructive testing, Artificial tapping, Ultrasonic testing, Strain analysis Abstract: Bonding quality is the key factor that affects the safety of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) structure, so it is a very important research that how to judge the bonding quality.
Interfacial debonding conditions often occur between core concrete and steel tube wall due to the concrete material properties and the pouring construction technology, which directly affect the quality and safety of CFST structure [1, 3].
Fig.5a The Layout of concrete strain gauges Fig.5b Concrete casting of field test The strain of concrete have different degrees of decline in the first 24 hours after pouring concrete because of some factors such as gravity, porosity, etc.
Influence of Empty on Mechanical Impact of Single Tube CFST Rib, Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2010 [7] TuGuangYa.
Influence of Empty on Mechanical performances of CFST arch bridge [D].

Mechanical properties of the test steel in longitudinal direction (ultimate and proof stress, specific elongation, reduction in area, impact toughness, hardness) were also determined.
Mechanical properties of heat-treated steels of 30KhM type.
Nishimura, Factors affecting surface roughness of low carbon resulfurized free cutting steel, JFE Technical Report. 23 (2018) 43–48
Han, Microstructure and Properties of Graphitized Free-Cutting Steel, Russ.
Composition, Inclusions, Properties, SUSU Publ., Chelyabinsk, 2005.