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From the beginnings of this technique, Hughes 1879 [1], it was shown that such methods could be used to compare and to classify materials on the basis of conductivity and permeability differences.
The difficulty in knowing precisely µ in ferromagnetic materials, moreover its non-linearity, leads to that this technique have been fundamentally developed in non-magnetic materials.
Hughes, "Induction Balance and Experimental Researches Therewith," The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Fifth Series, Vol. 8, No. 46, July 1879, pp. 50-57
Förster, "The First Picture: A Review of the Initial Steps in the Development of Eight Branches of Nondestructive Material Testing," Materials Evaluation, Vol. 41, No. 3, December 1983, pp. 1477-1488
[6] Metals and Materials for Research and Industry.

Introduction Natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite belongs to environment-friendly materials.
Experiment Materials.
[2] Yaliang Wang, Minge Wang, Junbo Wang: Materials Review, 22: 342-345 (2008).
[3] Yong Cao, Yi Qiang, Gongyi Hetian: Journal of Materials Research, 22 (1): 10-17 (2008).
[4] Zhihong Xiong, Xiaohong Liu, Junhe Zeng: Insulating Materials, 40(6): 7-9, (2007).

The positive effect of using nanostructured materials in polymer matrix is reported in many papers.
Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene was used as coupling agent and the blends were reinforced by nanostructured clay materials.
Experiments Materials.
The raw materials were dried before the extrusion and the injection molding at least 16 hours on 80 °C.
B., Morphology and properties of nylon6 and high density polyethylene blends in absence and presence of nanoclay, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 121 (2011) 359-368.

Materials The TG-DTG-DSC of Huangmei pulverized limonite (-0.075mm) was carried out on the differential scanning calorimeter (STA 449 C model from Germany).
Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering, 3(1)，pp. 2-7, 2012
Applied researches and new developments of magnetizing roasting on iron materials[J].
Journal of Iron And Steel Research International, 18(7), pp. 1-7, 2011
Journal of Aerosol Science, 34(8),pp.1085-1095,2003

Sketch of the OWC device integrated in three harbor protection structures: a) vertical, b) rubble mound and c) piled breakwaters Materials and Methods In this Section, the governing equations, the numerical model, models used for the turbine and the porous media of the rubble mound breakwater, boundary and initial conditions are shown.
Nakayama, Transport of turbulence energy decay rate, Los Alamos Science Lab., University California Report LA-3854 (1968)
Liu, A numerical study of breaking waves in the surf zone, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 359 (1998) 239-264
Van Gent, Porous flow through rubble-mound material, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 121 (3) (1995) 176-181
Kuwahara, A macroscopic turbulence model for flow in a porous medium, Journal of Fluids Engineering 121 (1999) 427-433

Test were conducted at Faculty of Technical Sciences in Novi Sad.
Material and Design 29 (2008) 1821-1827
Journal of Iron and steel Research, International, 2008 15 (6) 87-94
[5] Kuzmikova L., Norrish J., Li H. & Callaghan M., Research to establish a systematic approach to safe welding procedure development using austenite filler material for fabrication of high hardness steel, 16th International conference on the Joining of materials, 2011, Pages 1-13
Defense Science and Technology Organization p. 24

Thus, many different microstructures can be adjusted in bulk TiAl materials depending on the applied heat treatment [5, 7].
Gerling, Microstructure and Texture Formation During Near Conventional Forging of an Intermetallic Ti-45Al-5Nb Alloy, Advanced Engineering Materials, 11 (2009), pp. 976–981
Mayer, Design, Processing, Microstructure, Properties, and Applications of Advanced Intermetallic TiAl Alloys, Advanced Engineering Materials, 15 (2013), pp. 191–215
Schimansky, Powder metallurgical processing of intermetallic gamma titanium aluminides, Advanced Engineering Materials, 6 (2004), pp. 23–38
Giannuzzi, Electron backscattering dffraction investigation of focused ion beam surfaces, Journal of Electronic Materials, 31 (2002), pp. 33–39

Armour steel products developed in various forms, function and materials.
Singh et al., Future armour materials and technologies for combat platforms, Def.
Ono, Fatigue of cold-work tool steels: Effect of heat treatment and carbide morphology on fatigue crack formation, life, and fracture surface observations, Physical metallurgy and materials science: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 35(4) (2004) 1289–1300
[16] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), ASTM E8/E8M standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials 1, United States of America, 2010
[18] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), ASTM E18 − 16 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials, United States of America, 2010

Introduction There has been much interest in the development of porous synthetic bone replacement materials for the filling of both load bearing and non-load bearing osseous defects since the demonstration of improved biocompatibility of macroporous materials as compared with dense bodies [1].
Biocompatibility of HA-based materials, namely glass reinforced hydroxyapatite (GR-HA) materials have been already well established [2,3].
Materials and Methods A synthetic medical grade hydroxyapatite powder HA (P215S, Plasma Biotal Limited, UK) was used.
Santos: Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids Vol. 304 (2002), p. 286
Ferreira: in press Advanced Materials Forum (2003)

Introduction Nanoscale ferrite materials belong to a material widely used in engineering and manufacturing.
Materials and Methods Synthesis.
A, Materials Science & Processing, 130(1). (2024)
Materials Science & Engineering.
B, Solid-State Materials for Advanced Technology, 300(117134), (2024). 117134