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Whole application function of the isolated structure is generally perfect, the safety of indoor occupants are ensured, but comfort properties are a little bad.
Comfort properties of indoor occupants are a little bad, people can walk during the earthquake.
For the upper structure, peak acceleration of highest point and story drift is two important factors, which can directly affect safety, comfort and application function under earthquake.
Fig 1 Hierarchy evaluation system of damage matrix for the base-isolated structure Grade standard of damage influence factors and membership degree function Grade standard of damage influence factors plays a key role in the earthquake damage prediction, which can affect the result of damage prediction.
In this paper, the weighted average comprehensive evaluation model is adopted, the main factors and secondary factors are considered all together.

Since there is no cutting tool-workpiece contact during the laser machining process, the mechanical stresses likely causing crack and chipping can be neglected.
It is anticipated that this effect can introduce a mechanical shock to push the laser-molten material away from the irradiated region, thus increasing the amount of material removed.
The ANOVA results for theses two responses show in Table 2 and 3, indicating that the change of the three main factors significantly affected the roughness and HAZ (p-value ≤ 0.05), while their interactions were not statistically significant (p-value > 0.05).
Heat-affected zone Heat-affected zone 100 µm 100 µm (a) (b) Fig. 4.
Joshi, Modeling nanosecond pulsed laser ablation: a focus on temperature dependence of material properties, Manuf.

Compressive strength and scaffold porosity are factors of concern when scaffold is applied to repair bone defects, in addition to other factors such as biocompatibility and bioresorbability [16].
Other factors that may affect among others are gelatin and chitosan, which are not capable to bind a lot of carbonate apatite, supported by the binding force saturation of CA:Ch-GEL mixture and CO3-2 ions decrease.
Scaffold must have porous properties.
Scaffolds with large porosity will decrease mechanical properties such as compressive strength [23].
The mechanical properties and osteoconductivity of hydroxyapatite bone scaffolds with multi-scale porosity.

Approximate temperature dependent material properties, including physical and mechanical properties, have been considered.
Consequently, Thermal expansion of the electrode displacement is regarded as a "direct quality factor" [3]。
materials For a simulation, in order to predict accurate results, all of the relevant mechanical (i.e., modulus, Poisson ratio, and stress-strain relationship), physical (i.e., density, thermal conductivity, expansion coefficient, and specific heat) and electrical (i.e., resistivity) properties for the steel sheets and copper electrode must be known.
Related material properties see ref. 12.
The stress and displacement from the mechanical analysis affect the surface contact resistivity used in the subsequent thermal-electrical analysis.

Currently two factors of high cost and inadequate durability are hampering SOFC commercialization process.
It is of vital importance to build direct correlation between microstructure evolution and interface properties such as the interface bonding, interface porosity, interface conductivity and catalyst activity.
The interface properties derived from phase field theory model simulation not only determine polarization characteristics of MSC but also affect its durability.
(1) Firstly, based on phase field simulation, present work will attemp to reveal how external factors, such as gas pressure, gas atmosphere and operating temperature, and internal factors including substrate composition, anode composition, and interfacial morphology, together affect inter-diffusion and reaction on anode/substrate interface of MSC
Furthermore, polarization properties and long-term stability will be analyzed according to the above-mentioned diagnosis conclusions of interface phenomena

Volcanic Ash Properties As one part of asphalt mixture, filler plays important role in determining asphalt mixture nature and its properties affects filler-bitumen system significantly.
(3)Studies show that[4] surface properties of fillers such as shape, angularity and surface structure play an important effect on asphalt mixtures, which affect rheological properties of mortar and optimum asphalt content in mixture, and then influence structural and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete.
Properties of mastic,to a large extent, affect asphalt pavement performance.
a) rutting factor b) creep stiffness c) creep rate Fig. 2 High and low temperature properties comparision of modified asphalt mastic Compared with slag mortar, rutting factor G*/ sinδ of volcanic ash mastic significantly increased, indicating that high temperature properties of volcanic ash mortar turned better than the slag mortar; additionally the capability for volcanic ash to improve high temperature properties of mastic varies a lot due to different volcanic ash species.
a) rutting factor b) creep stiffness c) creep rate Fig.3 Properties comparision of asphalt mastic compositly modified by fillers and SBS It can be seen from figure 3 that compared with single modification by volcanic ash, rutting factor G * / sinδ of compositly modified asphalt mortar by SBS and volcanic ash increased exponentially, indicating that SBS significantly improved high temperature stability of mortars, among which rutting factor improving rate of volcanic ash mortar by SBS exceeded the slag mortar.

For items to be used clinically, the optimal mechanical, physical, and biological properties of a suitable metal joining technique must be determined.
Regarding mechanical properties, soldered Co-Cr alloy joints have shown higher tensile strength than laser-welded joints [1].
This also included the heat-affected zone of laser-welded joints.
These factors could be lower corrosion resistance of laser-welded Co-Cr alloy joint.
Atsuta, Mechanical strength of laser-welded cobalt-chromium alloy.

The thermal-mechanical properties of refractory are influenced by various factors, such as the intrinsic mechanical properties of the matrix material and second phase, porosity and mean size of pores etc.
Table 1 lists the thermal-mechanical property parameters.
Thermal-mechanical property parameters of mullite (3Al2O3.2SiO2) [7]: ρ - density, E – elasticity modulus, ν – Poisson’s ratio, α - thermal expansion coefficient [6], h - convection coefficient between air and the sample [10], T – temperature, σt – tensile strength, Cp – specific heat [7], k – thermal conductivity [8].
By Eq. (2) we know that the damage index D also stands for the mechanical strength loss.
The remained strength is low affected by small pore size (0.5 mm £ d £ 2 mm).

The microstructure is one of the crucial factors that influence the mechanical behavior of SLM processed Ti-6Al-4V.
Different factors can be responsible for the observations such as differences between defects in two orientations and microstructures.
Defect is the main factor that negatively affects the fatigue lives of SLM Ti-6Al-4V specimens [4-6].
Effects of Defects in Laser Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V on Fatigue Properties.
[12] Mechanical Property Handbook of Aero Engine Material, Chinese.

The brittle property of IMCs caused the strong stress concentration effect during the mechanical impacts [2,4-15] and thermal cycles[1,3] The cracks were found to initiate and propagate near the IMC layers.
Past studies in the solder joint failure Many factors are affecting the fracture toughness of solder joint, such as solder joint thickness and crack location related to interface of solder joint.
Alam et al. [4] has showed that the stress intensity factors (SIF) increases with the thickness of solder alloys at the loading rate of 0.8 MPa/s for the crack located at 1μm distance apart from the IMC-solder interface.The size effect on the shear strength of as-reflowed and aged Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu/Cu solder joints was significant revealed by Tian [2].
The finite element (FE) analysis has been conducted using ANSYS Release13.FE model involved three types of materials – copper, lead-free tin-silver-copper SnAgCu and intermetallic compound IMC.Table 1 shows the material properties of solder joints.
Table 1 Material properties for the solder joint modeling Materials Elastic modulus, E (GPa) Poisson ratio, v Intermetallic compound (IMC) 110 0.30 Lead-free SnAgCu (SAC) 43 0.30 Copper (Cu) 129 0.34 In order obtain the visco-plastic material model for the solder alloy, ANAND model has been adopted by developing ANSYS APDL code.The solder joint element type of ANSYS was mesh using the viscoplastic element of ANSYS, 8-noded PLANE 183, which applicable to Anand’s viscosplasticity constant.