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Online since: September 2020
Authors: Valeriy M. Vyrovoy, Serhii V. Silchenko, Alexandra D. Dovgan, Petr M. Dovgan
Frost Resistance: Field Data, Correlation with Characteristics, Modeling
The results of the samples mass loss study before and after 350 cycles of frost influence showed an increase of «M» on average by 0.29% of the mass of samples saturated with salt solution before the beginning of the research.
In addition, data on water absorption kinetics and capillary suction (WM and Wca [20]) obtained in previous studies, according to DSTU B V.2.7-170:2008 and EN 1015-18:2002, are coordinated with water absorption data WM.F received during the frost resistance test.
In view of the fact that there is sufficient interdependence between the experimental KF data and compressive strength of the main sample cubes frost resistance tested (fcm.F), further analysis of the correlation existence was carried out between fcm.F and «significant» characteristics of concrete (refer with: Fig. 1).
To assess the degree of impact of prescription factors on the preservation of fcm.F, according to the experimental data obtained, a quadratic experimental-statistical model (ES-model) has been built [23], which is adequate to the experiment with an error of sе{fcm.F} = 1.96 MPa with 17 statistically significant coefficients at bilateral risk 0.2 (refer with: Eq. 1).
The results of the study on fcm.F is generally consistent with capillary porosity data Wca [20].
In addition, data on water absorption kinetics and capillary suction (WM and Wca [20]) obtained in previous studies, according to DSTU B V.2.7-170:2008 and EN 1015-18:2002, are coordinated with water absorption data WM.F received during the frost resistance test.
In view of the fact that there is sufficient interdependence between the experimental KF data and compressive strength of the main sample cubes frost resistance tested (fcm.F), further analysis of the correlation existence was carried out between fcm.F and «significant» characteristics of concrete (refer with: Fig. 1).
To assess the degree of impact of prescription factors on the preservation of fcm.F, according to the experimental data obtained, a quadratic experimental-statistical model (ES-model) has been built [23], which is adequate to the experiment with an error of sе{fcm.F} = 1.96 MPa with 17 statistically significant coefficients at bilateral risk 0.2 (refer with: Eq. 1).
The results of the study on fcm.F is generally consistent with capillary porosity data Wca [20].
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Jie Shou
Introduction
From recently years’ college students’ physical health data, it can be known that their physique is in the drop tendency.
Fig.1 PDCA cycle 2.3 Principle Component Analysis The principle component analysis is a kind of statistic analysis that transforms many variables to a few principle components by applying the data dimensionality reduction technology.
It makes use of the linear combination method, and transforms many indexes into some typical comprehensive indexes based on losing fewer data information.
Table 1: Partial sample data standardization result table Sample No.
Summary This paper carried out research on college female students physical health feedback data to education department, focused analysis on weight and physical health other indicators correlation degree conditions and test value deviation judgments, studied different sources student physical health data differences.
Fig.1 PDCA cycle 2.3 Principle Component Analysis The principle component analysis is a kind of statistic analysis that transforms many variables to a few principle components by applying the data dimensionality reduction technology.
It makes use of the linear combination method, and transforms many indexes into some typical comprehensive indexes based on losing fewer data information.
Table 1: Partial sample data standardization result table Sample No.
Summary This paper carried out research on college female students physical health feedback data to education department, focused analysis on weight and physical health other indicators correlation degree conditions and test value deviation judgments, studied different sources student physical health data differences.
Online since: November 2018
Authors: David Moens, Matthias Faes
This paper presents the application of a new method for the identification and quantification
of interval valued spatial uncertainty under scarce data.
To apply these high-dimensional but scarce data, extensions to the novel method are introduced.
Prior to applying the identification and quantification procedure, some operations on the DIC measurement data are necessary.
-0.01 1000 1000 0 800 Y [px] X [px] 500 600 ǫyy [−] 0.01 400 200 0 0.02 Interpolated bi-cubic splines DIC data Fig. 2: Bi-cubic spline interpolation of the measured longitudinal strain field Finally, since the computational cost of obtaining a convex hull scales exponentially with the dimension over which it has to be computed, a reduction of the dimension of the DIC and finite element predicted data is pre-emptive before applying the quantification procedure.
Sensitivity or Bayesian model updating: a comparison of techniques using the DLR AIRMOD test data.
To apply these high-dimensional but scarce data, extensions to the novel method are introduced.
Prior to applying the identification and quantification procedure, some operations on the DIC measurement data are necessary.
-0.01 1000 1000 0 800 Y [px] X [px] 500 600 ǫyy [−] 0.01 400 200 0 0.02 Interpolated bi-cubic splines DIC data Fig. 2: Bi-cubic spline interpolation of the measured longitudinal strain field Finally, since the computational cost of obtaining a convex hull scales exponentially with the dimension over which it has to be computed, a reduction of the dimension of the DIC and finite element predicted data is pre-emptive before applying the quantification procedure.
Sensitivity or Bayesian model updating: a comparison of techniques using the DLR AIRMOD test data.
Online since: August 2021
Authors: Galina Slavcheva, Ekaterina Britvina, Maria Shvedova
The paper presents the experimental data on the cement effect typeon the effects of heat generation during the 3D-printable cement materials’setting and hardening.
The combination of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier with high-strength cement causes a technologically unacceptable reduction in the setting time and open time of mixtures.
The use of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier (metakaolin) in combination with this type of cement causes a significant increase in the mixture temperature and a technologically unacceptable reduction in setting time due to the active interaction of related phasesС3A and metakaolin.
The combination of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier (metakaolin) with high-strength Portland cement CEM I 52.5 R causes a technologically unacceptable reduction in setting time and, as a consequence, in open-time mixtures.
The combination of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier with high-strength cement causes a technologically unacceptable reduction in the setting time and open time of mixtures.
The use of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier (metakaolin) in combination with this type of cement causes a significant increase in the mixture temperature and a technologically unacceptable reduction in setting time due to the active interaction of related phasesС3A and metakaolin.
The combination of a highly active aluminosilicate modifier (metakaolin) with high-strength Portland cement CEM I 52.5 R causes a technologically unacceptable reduction in setting time and, as a consequence, in open-time mixtures.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Li Jia Zhang, Bo Liu, Qi Zhang, Yong Jun Wang, Qing Hua Tian, Xiang Jun Xin, Xiao Li Yin, Yue Qi Shi
In this paper, data streams at different rates are oversampling with different R in the Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), so that the tal bit stream rate of all the scenes is equal to the maximum data rate of the bit stream.
First of all, the user data get into the constellation mapping module, then add a pilot.
IFFT module makes subcarriers orthogonal to each other, and exports the parallel data.
Finally, the cyclic prefix and cyclic postfix are added up to reduce inter symbol interference (ISI), where the ratio of cyclic prefix and OFDM data is14.
The simulation result of the real-time system transmitter in the Xilinx ISE software is shown in Fig.4, where the data_output is the OFDM signal.
First of all, the user data get into the constellation mapping module, then add a pilot.
IFFT module makes subcarriers orthogonal to each other, and exports the parallel data.
Finally, the cyclic prefix and cyclic postfix are added up to reduce inter symbol interference (ISI), where the ratio of cyclic prefix and OFDM data is14.
The simulation result of the real-time system transmitter in the Xilinx ISE software is shown in Fig.4, where the data_output is the OFDM signal.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Nan Zhao, Cong Hui Zhang, Hong Yu Shao
Besides, by using dimension reduction on high-dimensional data set, it realizes to extract the key factors of supply chain performance and breaks the bottleneck that problems in supply chain management cannot be recognized rapidly or analyzed by traditional performance evaluation method.
Regard as a high dimension data point to calculate the distance concentration of nth data point, which will be used for the weight of each PAC learning machine.
The total number of sub-data sets is, and .
Step 2 Analyze the corresponding ith sub-data set of the jth PCA algorithm, n first principle components, which are sued as n out vectors, i.e., the first principle component from different data sets.
The number of samples for suppliers in 2007 is 70, so the failure rate of data is 15.98%.
Regard as a high dimension data point to calculate the distance concentration of nth data point, which will be used for the weight of each PAC learning machine.
The total number of sub-data sets is, and .
Step 2 Analyze the corresponding ith sub-data set of the jth PCA algorithm, n first principle components, which are sued as n out vectors, i.e., the first principle component from different data sets.
The number of samples for suppliers in 2007 is 70, so the failure rate of data is 15.98%.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Hae Yong Cho, Dong Bum Kim, Jin Gun Park, Hyuk Soo Shin, Won Yeong Kim, In Hwan Lee, Jung Kil Lee
The rolling process can provide excellent combinations of cost and process reduction than existing one.
Internal property data for AISI 304 stainless steel in DEFORM-3D is used as property of billet. 3.
(4) Initial material which diameter is 100mm and thickness 25mm is possible to transform with thickness up to approximately 7.5 mm with 81% or higher of area reduction rate.
Internal property data for AISI 304 stainless steel in DEFORM-3D is used as property of billet. 3.
(4) Initial material which diameter is 100mm and thickness 25mm is possible to transform with thickness up to approximately 7.5 mm with 81% or higher of area reduction rate.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Claudio Testani, F. Ferraro
The result is a
process cost reduction of about 40% respect to HIP process.
Pilot equipment design and realisation The process window parameters necessary for the design of the pilot-equipment (rolling speed; strain-rate; temperature; pressure etc.) has been defined initially by mean of literature data [3, 4] and experimental hot-compression tests including some pack-rolling tests.
The experimental tests results have been summarised in Fig.3 where are reported for comparison also the literature data available [5].
Force Force Cooling circuits Precursor Ti-MMC composite Ar Environment Rolling Chamber 700 725 750 775 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 975 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Arc-contact time (s) Temperature (°C) P=150 Mpa P=110 Mpa P=70 Mpa P=30 Mpa P=150 Mpa P=200Mpa P=400 Mpa P=600 Mpa HIP Literature Data Roll-Bonding Weak bonding Fig.3: Processing parameters Metallographic Analysis: Ti-MMC samples have been analysed by mean of optical and electronic microscope with electrodispersive spectrometer probe (SEM+EDS).
Our assessment on cost reduction has shown that the 40% in saving is possible and this fact could be a real chance for this class of expensive materials that are an opportunity for the next generation of titanium airplanes.
Pilot equipment design and realisation The process window parameters necessary for the design of the pilot-equipment (rolling speed; strain-rate; temperature; pressure etc.) has been defined initially by mean of literature data [3, 4] and experimental hot-compression tests including some pack-rolling tests.
The experimental tests results have been summarised in Fig.3 where are reported for comparison also the literature data available [5].
Force Force Cooling circuits Precursor Ti-MMC composite Ar Environment Rolling Chamber 700 725 750 775 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 975 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Arc-contact time (s) Temperature (°C) P=150 Mpa P=110 Mpa P=70 Mpa P=30 Mpa P=150 Mpa P=200Mpa P=400 Mpa P=600 Mpa HIP Literature Data Roll-Bonding Weak bonding Fig.3: Processing parameters Metallographic Analysis: Ti-MMC samples have been analysed by mean of optical and electronic microscope with electrodispersive spectrometer probe (SEM+EDS).
Our assessment on cost reduction has shown that the 40% in saving is possible and this fact could be a real chance for this class of expensive materials that are an opportunity for the next generation of titanium airplanes.
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Ion Mitelea, Ilare Bordeasu, Cornelia Laura Salcianu, Lavinia Madalina Micu
By mechanical tests and by metallographic investigation is warranted increased erosion resistance after cold plastic deformation and minimization the effect of reduction its to higher proportions of delta ferrite , due to higher chromium content.
Vibrorolling effect of the workpiece thickness Steel symbol Thickness Before hardening Thickness After hardening Reduction mm 98A/2F 30,1 28,4 1,7 29,8 27,5 2,3 29,6 27,8 1,8 81A/19F 30,2 28,1 2,1 29,5 27,7 1,8 29,8 27,8 2,0 Table 3.
However , the data shown in FIG. 2b shows that the losses are the most important in the period of 60-105 minutes.
Approximate shape and dispersion curves to these data points, the average depth of penetration, fig. 1 and the mean depth of penetration rate, fig. 1b, resulting in the following findings: - After 60 minutes of cumulative mass loss cavitation attack has a linear variation (loss approximately constant intermediate periods of attack); - Approximately symmetrical dispersion curve data points to approximate the average speed of erosion after 60 minutes shows that erosion is uniform with speed tends to stabilize at MDERs value = 11.718 μm / hour.; - From the first minutes of the attack cavitation are significant losses, which are due primarily δ ferrite, which destroys most easily under the impact of the shock waves and microjets generated cavitation bubbles to implode.
Vibrorolling effect of the workpiece thickness Steel symbol Thickness Before hardening Thickness After hardening Reduction mm 98A/2F 30,1 28,4 1,7 29,8 27,5 2,3 29,6 27,8 1,8 81A/19F 30,2 28,1 2,1 29,5 27,7 1,8 29,8 27,8 2,0 Table 3.
However , the data shown in FIG. 2b shows that the losses are the most important in the period of 60-105 minutes.
Approximate shape and dispersion curves to these data points, the average depth of penetration, fig. 1 and the mean depth of penetration rate, fig. 1b, resulting in the following findings: - After 60 minutes of cumulative mass loss cavitation attack has a linear variation (loss approximately constant intermediate periods of attack); - Approximately symmetrical dispersion curve data points to approximate the average speed of erosion after 60 minutes shows that erosion is uniform with speed tends to stabilize at MDERs value = 11.718 μm / hour.; - From the first minutes of the attack cavitation are significant losses, which are due primarily δ ferrite, which destroys most easily under the impact of the shock waves and microjets generated cavitation bubbles to implode.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Janice M. Dulieu-Barton, R.K. Fruehmann, Simon Quinn
However, the relative difference in ΔT within a data set can be used for quantitative comparisons.
The effect of the weave pattern can clearly be seen in both data sets.
To account for the different spatial resolution of the two data sets, the length has been normalised.
The data in Fig. 6(a) is comprised of 9 images stitched together while Fig. 6(b) is a single image.
(a) (b) (c) Fig. 8 : Normalised ΔT data from natural frequency loading with increasing damage increments The effect of the damage on the stress concentration at the bolt hole can clearly be seen in the data in Fig. 8(b) and (c).
The effect of the weave pattern can clearly be seen in both data sets.
To account for the different spatial resolution of the two data sets, the length has been normalised.
The data in Fig. 6(a) is comprised of 9 images stitched together while Fig. 6(b) is a single image.
(a) (b) (c) Fig. 8 : Normalised ΔT data from natural frequency loading with increasing damage increments The effect of the damage on the stress concentration at the bolt hole can clearly be seen in the data in Fig. 8(b) and (c).