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Online since: May 2003
Authors: Rainer Schmidt, Rocco Paolo Pitto, Lutz Müller, Alexander Kress, Raimund Forst
CT-data were elaborated with IMPact-HIP Software (Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg).
Comparisons of paired data with not normally distributed differences were made using the Wilcoxon-signed-rank test.
The method used in the present study allows an accurate analysis of the bone structures with a consistent reduction of soft tissue and metal artefacts [3].
In accordance with Wolff's Law, the reduction of stresses relative to the natural situation causes bone to adapt itself by reducing its mass.
Online since: November 2007
Authors: Hery S. Djie, Boon S. Ooi, Y.H. Ding, V. Hongpinyo
The lasing peak of bandgap tuned laser agrees well with the PL data of intermixed QW samples.
Similar to InGaAs/InGaAsP QWs, the reduction of Jth in DWELL is also notable for the intermixed device [6].
The amount of blue-shifts in laser wavelength peak is consistent with the blue-shift obtained from PL data earlier.
Band gap tuned QW and DWELL lasers were fabricated with significant Jth reduction and up to 127 nm wavelength blueshift.
Online since: April 2022
Authors: Ramachandran Velmurugan, Shaik Shabberhussain
Specimens were tested until failure and the load-displacement data was recorded.
The flexural modulus of GN-GFRP composites with 0.1% GN increased by 11% whereas a reduction in modulus by 8.2% is observed in case of GN-GFRP composites with 0.5% GN compared to GFRP composites.
The SEM investigation is carried out to find the reason behind reduction in strength and modulus of GN-GFRP with 0.5% GN fabricated using vacuum bag process and to identify the various failure modes in the composite.
This delamination in the composite can be inferred as the reason behind the reduction in the tensile strength and the modulus of GN-GFRP composites compared to GFRP composites fabricated using vacuum bag process.
The SEM investigation revealed poor adhesion between fibers and resin led to delamination and hence the reduction in tensile strength and modulus.
Online since: March 2008
Authors: Andreas Schreyer, Funda S. Bayraktar, Peter Staron, Mustafa Koçak
Residual stresses can be determined by different experimental methods [4] or by FE-simulation of the welding process [5]; the latter requires high quality input data of the process and of the elastic and plastic behaviour of the material etc. x y z Laser beam welding of skin-stringer connections are currently used in some aircrafts, however, skin-clip connections are still made with conventional joining techniques.
Therefore, in this work, the skin-clip T-joint was investigated to generate knowledge and data on the evolution of the residual stresses and hence to be able to provide technology for future design.
In two samples, some areas of the base plate in the vicinity of the weld were machined after welding to a lower thickness (pockets) with the purpose of weight reduction (Fig. 1b).
The peak centres, widths and intensities were obtained by least squares fittings a Gaussian line shape to the experimental data.
Nevertheless, further improvement of the predictions is in progress by provision of the newly generated input data and mesh design.
Online since: May 2022
Authors: Anderson Pontes Morales, Felipe Sampaio-Jorge, Alexandre Miranda Rodrigues, Marcio Magini, Beatriz Gonçalves Ribeiro
Data for cardiorespiratory variables were collected starting at the second minute of the test.
Data Analysis.
Finally, the data was standardized, subtracting the mean of each parameter from the same row of data and dividing it by each standard deviation.
Results Table 1 shows the quantitative data of the basketball and soccer players.
When considering the conditional dimension, unlike football, in basketball, conditioning dimensions have formed the main research topic of performing data reduction through PCA.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Gi Man Kim, Seong Dae Choi, Seong Ho Yun
In this paper, the damping force loci of a twin tube shock absorber were estimated by using the empirical data.
The relationship between the piston velocity and the damping force were estimated by using the empirical data of four different conditions of coil spring turns.
Also the relationship between the coil spring turns and the damping force were estimated by using the empirical data of four different piston velocities.
In case of the needs of the smoother ride, the vibration reduction should be one of the overcoming troubles for the stability of the vehicle.
The same experiments for each of different conditions were processed in five times and then the values obtained from the five experiments were averaged to be applied to the empirical data for the estimation of the loci of the damping force variations.
Online since: January 2017
Authors: Chen Guang Wei, Dong Wang
This article analyzed data of dynamic load test on several different types of PV modules, and got the conclusion that the dynamic load stress could harm the string ribbon or interior circuits of the PV modules, and would therefore lead to capacity reduction and less insulation.
Prior to and post the experiment, the data for insulated resistance and withstand voltage, wet leakage current, and maximum power were tested.
The data are follows (Graph 1) : Graph 1 Comparison of pre-experiment and post-experiment data on major performance of the PV module Conclusions After the dynamic mechanical experiment, only the dry insulation resistance of sample No. 010 grows, which might be resulted from poor seal ability of the module at the initial experiment.
The resistance performance and maximum power of all other samples decrease, and the maximum data of dry insulation resistance deduction is more than 20%, and the minimum is 0 found on 10 samples.
Table 1 Verification Data on Dynamic mechanical load test at the condition of ±1000Pa No.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: Milan Dermek
This can be made impossible by major losses in hose line, those lead to the decrease of required overpressure in front of a nozzle, and thereby to reduction of range distance and reduction of the effectivity of extinguishing.
Data have been written into data files using datalogger Almemo 2590, which were processed by a computer into the desired shape.
The difference between the old value of the simplified calculation and the measured data from the experiment is expressed in % relative to the old values in Figure 5.
Significant reduction of pressure losses results from the given picture, which affects the possibility of water transfer using hose line to longer distance.
Online since: April 2018
Authors: Kazuhiko Kitamura, Kazuhito Asai, Nobukazu Hayashi, Keisuke Goto
The reduction in cross-sectional area is 50%.
In stage 1, the data such as stress-strain curves, strain rate, temperature, mechanical and  thermal properties, and coefficients of friction mp and mc are input to the FEM calculations.
This indicates an agreement within ±10%, wherefore all data are transferred from the 1st stage to the 2nd stage. 2.
The data are transferred from the 2nd stage to the 3rd stage. 3.
The reduction in friction is probably due to the increasing temperature melting the soap lubricant.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Volodymyr I. Korsun, Artem Korsun
Thus, according to the data [3, 8, 16, 18, 20], the level of precompression h = 0.2¸0.3 at the first short-term heating up to 200°C increases the prism strength of normal heavy concrete by 14¸20 %, at the long-term isothermal heating – by 8¸22 % compared with the strength of previously unloaded concrete.
Experimental data: [16]: +20°С – ; [18]: +90°С – , ; +150°С – , ; [3]: +60°С – , ; +120°С – , ; +200°С – , .
Further increase of precompression to the level of h = (0.4¸0.5) leads to the stable reduction of this characteristic (Fig. 1).
For the case of long-term precompression of concrete at normal temperature a significant reduction of concrete mechanical properties is more characteristic at elevated temperatures than compression directly before heating [20].
The values of the concrete properties which are calculated according to the expressions (1) ¸ (13) correspond to the experimental data (Fig. 1).
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