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However, excessive pre-deformation can lead to brittle metal, thereby reducing the mechanical and fatigue properties [5].
When material components are subjected to dynamic loading, so that the fatigue life and mechanical properties decrease.
In addition, initial cracks usually appear at the contact of the wheel with the rail, which can be two major factors in the design of the fatigue life of the material.
Lamellar structure of carbides (Fe3C) in ferrite matrix significantly determines the mechanical properties of steel.
Salimor, Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of cold-drawn AISI 1018 steel at high-temperature steady-state conditions, J.

Tensile Properties.
It demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were effectively improved by incorporating MWCNTs.
It is believed that the mechanical properities of the HDPE/MWCNTs nanocomposites is affected by many factors, such as Shish-kebab structure, interfacial adhension between MWCNTs and HDPE, dispersion of MWCNTs, HDPE lamellar thickness and crystallinity, orientation of the polymer chains, orientation of MWCNTs, and crystalline phase of polymer matrix, etc..
The results showed that the mechanical properties of the HDPE/MWCNTs nanocomposites were effectively improved by incorporating MWCNTs.
Therefore, the formation of Shish-kebab structure can cause excellent mechanical properties.

The mechanical properties of hybrid fibre reinforced HPSCC (HFHPSCC) after heating were better than that of mono-fibre reinforced HPSCC.
The factors of flexural behaviour ffct,L, D f BZ,2, feq,2, D f BZ,3 and feq,3 are calculated based on RILEM TC 162-TDF [14].
[3] DONG X.: Research on Mechanical Properties and Spalling Behaviours of FRHPC Subjected to High Temperature and Fire, Ph.D.
[6] DONG X. and DING Y.: Mechanical properties of SFHPC after high temperatures, Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University (English Edition), 15 (1) (2007) 12-19
Fire Safety Journal, 39 (2004) 89-103. [12] WU B. et al: Effect of High Temperature on Residual Mechanical Properties of Confined and Unconfined High-Strength Concrete.

It was shown that machining parameters affect the serrated chip forming greatly.
When cutting speed becomes larger, the discontinuous chip comes into being gradually, especially for the workpiece materials with physical properties such as high hardness and low heat, and the serrated chip forms in the broad scope of the high cutting speed, so the chip shape obtained from high speed cutting is different from that of common cutting.
Mechanical properties of the alloy cast iron material were obtained through high-speed compress experiment, then using the plastic flow theory (increment theory) the material constitutive model was built and the key technologies such as the chip-tool friction, the separation between chip and workpiece, chip breaking and part heat conduction of chip were researched and the serrated chip forming process in the high-speed milling of alloy cast iron were simulated and analyzed to predict the influencing law of different machining parameters(the feed level, milling speed and depth) of the serrated chip formation on the basis of given tool geometry (rake angle, clearance angle and the cutting edge arc) and the tool material properties.
The material constitutive model shows the characteristic variety of matter in the high-speed cutting process, it affects the physical phenomena in the cutting process such as heat, force, and mechanism, and it is also one of the key factors that affect the finite element simulation of high-speed cutting.
The chip achieved from high-speed cutting is remarkably different from the normal chip because the serrated chip comes into being in high cutting speed especial for the workpiece material with physical properties such as high hardness and low caloric.

The understanding of the processing parameters of these composites is essential for the development of polymeric composites with superior properties [11].
Thus, the effects of processing parameters of extruded composite materials interfere with the physical-mechanical properties of these materials and, consequently, on the final performance of obtained product [10].
In this screw configuration, a wood flour may start its thermal degradation process, which could result in a decrease of the composite properties.
Such factors are proportional to the speed and depend significantly on the screw geometry and free volume [17].
This property depends on two factors, viscosity, and gradient velocity [21].

After getting the MARS results of mathematical expression, we can screen the factors which benefit to the response variable by individually analyzing the internal relations between them and analyze the importance of factors with investigating the contribution of each factor to the response variable to facilitate decision-making.
While in the material processing field, only Taylor and Francis [9] analyzed the mechanical properties of steel by MARS method currently, and no scholars apply this method to calculate and forecast the flow stress.
For testing the effect of a certain factor on flow stress, the common methods set other factors as constants that usually are averages.
The importance of various factors to flow stress could be analyzed through the MARS model.
Conclusions (1) Using MARS algorithm, the fit of the relations between flow stress and the influence factors is good.

Thus, only one mechanical test that could allow to characterize all the mechanical properties could be desired.
Commonly, to characterize the mechanical properties of the material, standard uniaxial tests are used.
However different materials may have similar properties.
The engineering properties of this material are E = 190000 MPa, ν = 0.29 for elastic behavior, and K = 900 MPa, σY = 270 MPa, n = 0.25 for the hardening Swift law (see in [15]).
It appears that the choice of µ affects the vertical displacement, although the difference is not radical.

The photograph of porosity microstructure in anisotropic variation status As we all known, pores are the important feature to illustrate physical, mechanical and seepage properties of soil.
Porosity shapes factor is research on.
The porosity shapes factor Fi is a ratio of two factors, it is a value that less than or equal to 1: (1) Where Pi is the circumference of a circle whose area is substituted for the real pore area and Si is actual perimeter of the pore shape.
The degree of anisotropy porosity In is a ratio of two factors, it is a value that also less than or equal to 1: (2) Where L is the long axis of pore and B is the short axis of pore.
[3] Zhang F., Xie S.Y., Hu D.W., et al, Affect of water content and structural anisotropy on mechanical property of clay stone, Applied Clay Science, Vol.69 (2012), p.79-86

The surface treatment via the oxygen plasma ions significantly affects the adhesion of metal layers to the PDMS surface, while the other factors exhibited no significant relations.
But, they are not suitable for long-term implantation owing to the mechanical rigidity and fragility of silicon, so the flexible materials, such as polyimide, SU-8, parylene and PDMS have been employed as an alternative substrate of silicon [1-3].
The plasma treatment of polymer surfaces to uniformly modify these surfaces without affecting the bulk properties has been widely employed [6].
The plasma treatment of the PDMS surface significantly affects the adhesion-strength of metal layers.

The Effect of Layers and Bullet Type on Impact Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Using A Single Stage Gas Gun (SSGG) S.N.A.
The ability of these materials to absorb energy elastically depends on the mechanical properties of the matrix and fibres, the interfacial strength, the velocity of impact and the size of the component [8].
The energy-absorption behaviour of composite materials is affected by a number of factors.
These factors may be classified into composite materials and properties, fabrication conditions, geometry and dimensions of the structural components and test conditions [9].
Summary From the analysis, it can be concluded that number of layer affect the impact properties of GFRP.