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Then, the button was cold rolled to 1 mm (89% reduction in thickness).
Fig. 4 shows the rolling reduction dependence of Young's modulus in the rolling direction for (Ti-35Nb)-4Sn plate in reference [5].
The decrease in Young's modulus with rolling (a) (b) reduction was interpreted in terms of [020]α" texture development in the rolling direction.
Data in this study are plotted in the figure at groove rolling reductions of 75, 84 and 91%.
Fig. 4 Rolling reduction dependence of Young's modulus of groove rolled (Ti-35%Nb)-4%Sn in comparison with plate rolled one.

In this work, the wool keratin solution was obtained by a reduction method, and mixed with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution in order to prepare blend membranes.
In this paper, a reduction method was adopted to dissolve wool and prepare keratin solution as reported previously.
The thickness of membranes was measured by an electronic digital micrometer; each sample was tested five times at different positions, and the average of the data was used.

A 42%-increase of the maximum peak-to-peak value of the echo pulse response, a 52%-reduction of the ring down time and a 200%-increase of the bandwidth can be achieved by using the backing material.
In order to improve the accuracy of data processing and effectiveness of the structural health monitoring, the increase of the sensitivity and resolution of the sensor are desired through a reasonable selection of backing material that matches well with the piezoelectric element [4].
The time domain response and frequency spectrum of CPUS, tungsten power/epoxy resin backing layer From the time domain responses in Figs. 2~5, it can be seen that, under resonant frequency excitation, no distortion of the received waveform, significant increase of the first pulse amplitude and peak-to-peak value, as well as a reduction of the pulse shock time are shown when metal powder/epoxy resin composite materials backing layers are used.

This paper provides a valuable reference for the vibration source identification and structural vibration reduction.
Firstly the power spectrum density functions are obtained by calculating the data in time domain.
This paper provides a valuable reference for the vibration source identification and structural vibration reduction.

Increasing the temperature of thermal stabilization, as well as the tensile load onto the bundle causes a significant reduction in the time during which the process of dispersion of precursor material develops and formation of a new high dispersion phase of thermostabilized fiber.
The length reduction is 9% at the same temperature of isothermal stabilization.
These data suggest that the formation of the structure of thermostabilized PAN fiber proceeds via the formation of a new fine phase (average size ~1 nm) in local microvolumes - CSD3.

Test results show that with micro-channel size decrease, the percentage reduction in viscosity increases and the difference of viscosities in different micro channels reduces with increasing shear rate.
For Non-Newtonian fluids, two corrections are commonly applied to capillary data to obtain the correct viscosity of polymeric fluids.
For different materials, the reduction of viscosity at the same shear rate is various, which shows that the variation of viscosity has relationship with polymer melt category.

It was shown that reduction of carbon and oxygen components from the surface contaminants as well as the existence of a nonstoichiometric SiOx layer on the Si surface contributed to the hydrophilicity of the substrate.
Si2p peak fitting data show that plasma exposure reduces the concentration of Si-O bonds, representing nonstoichiometric (SiOx) in natural silicon oxide on the silicon surface.
Reduction of surface contaminants containing carbon and oxygen components as well as existence of the nonstoichiometric SiOx layer on the top of the Si surface contribute to the hydrophilicity of the substrate.

And thus pumping current and number of laser pulse were chosen and studied for improving the surface topographies realized by Nd3+: YAG laser, assisting a better expectation of reduction of abrasive grains.
Considering the process of manufacturing and measuring is arbitrary to some extent, the after-treatment of data related to surface topography information were homogenized for multi-metering on the same technological condition.
Moreover, the basis of surface texture is uniform, so the outstanding data own to clinker generated in the process of laser surface texturing.
Of course, the ugly datum of Htp corresponding to the number of laser pulse equal to 12 is uninviting one, though one single map is powerless for interruption and further option.
Abbott curve is a method to describe the surface topographies of microstructure in terms of hydrodynamic lubrication and reduction of friction, and the evaluation of technological conditions for an optional surface topography should be paid enough attentions.

RFID is a non-contact automatic identification technology without touching the object, which automatically identifies the object and captures relevant data through the radio frequency signals.
Information decoded by the reader will be sent to central information system to carry out relevant data handling.
Data capacity is big.
Tag data can be dynamically changed.
Portable data terminal are the basic equipment of RFID.

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics Dynamic responses of bridge-subgrade transition section in existing railway line are tested in different axial load and running speed of freight train and passenger train respectively, which can be used to analyse and master the adaptability of typical transition structure and accumulate data for further study of the dynamic characteristics of the bridge-subgrade transition section.
The test data of track structure stiffness are shown in Fig. 4.
The highest reduction ratio of the wheel load is 0.78 in all of the experimental transition sections, which is beyond the scope of the criterion.
But with a combination of situations on speed-raising in existing railway line in Japan and Germany and actual practices of limit value of derailment test in China, it still meets the requirement that the dynamic reduction ratio of wheel load is less than or equal to 0.8.
The major conclusions can be summarized as: According to the data collected by experimental test or track inspection car, the state of the railway line can be predicted and assessed by the simulation program.