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Xiao, T.T., et al., Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Electronics, 2014. 25(8): p. 3364-3374
Selvam, M., et al., Bulletin of Materials Science, 2013. 36(7): p. 1315-1321
Wang, Y.Y., et al., Journal of Materials Science, 2011. 46: p. 3611
Cai, X.S., et al., Journal of Materials Science, 2014. 49(16): p. 5667-5675
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A 3 mm thin plate of aluminium A7075 and stainless steel 304 are used as the adherend material for experimental test and the adhesive used was high performance Araldite epoxy adhesive.
PTFE was chosen as the material for the jig because it will not stick with the adhesive.
The adherent which is aluminium started to deform as the shear stress applied under fatigue test and this led to breaking of the material because of the necking.
By applying these parameters onto the adhesive joint and hybrid adhesive joint, the fatigue performance of each type of joint using dissimilar materials was determined with several stress level.
The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2006: p. 14

Metamaterials are artificial composite structures or composite materials, which possess supernormal physical properties that natural materials don’t have.
Through orderly designing the structures in the critical physical size of materials, we can render the materials to break through some restriction in some certain apparent natural laws.
He presented that these materials have negative permittivity and negative permeability simultaneously in special frequency range.
Therefore, the first left-handed materials come out to human being [3].
And the founding of left-handed materials has been selected as one of the “ten key” scientific breakthrough by American <<Science>>magazine in 2003, which triggered worldwide research on this new material.

Experimental Procedure Material.
Gassan, A study of fibre and interface parameters affecting the fatigue behavior of natural fibre composites, Journal of Applied Science and Manufacturing. 33(2000) 369-374
Abdan, Kenaf fibres as reinforcement for polymeric composites: a review, International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering. 4 (2009) 239-248
Journal of Materials Science and Engineering.
International Journal of Fatigue. 24(2002) 456-462

Flexure test Materials: Various materials were used within the experimental program, the materials were first tested to ensure that it satisfies the Egyptian specifications and meets the codes limits.
N. (2011), “Studies on strength characteristics on utilization of waste materials as coarse aggregate in concrete”, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology.
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Alternative materials for concrete.
[17] Edward Harrison, Aydin Berenjian and Mostafa Seifan (2020), “Recycling of waste glass as aggregate in cement-based materials”, Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Journal, Vol. 4

The proposed method represents an easy approach to consolidating high melting point metallic materials.
Introduction Metallic materials are widely used in many structural components.
Cooper, Nanomecharics of Hall- Petch relationship in nanocrystaline materials, Progress in Materials Science, Vol.54 (2009), pp.689-706 [2] Shinya Tokutake and Noboru Nakayama, Addition of carbon nanofiber to cold-work die steel by a compression rotation shearing method at room temperature, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Vol.38, (2010), p.655-661 [3] Yuehuei H.
Gogia, Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate choice for orthopaedic implants-A review, Progress in Materials Science, Vol.54 (2009), pp397-425 [5] Masahashi, N., S.
JOURNAL OF AlLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, Vol. 413, (2006), pp. 281-288.

Hence, it could be utilized to develop the light electro-magnetic active powder materials.
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The absorption materials of magnetic metal powder.
Journal of metal functional materials. 1994, 10(1):21-23

Materials and methods: Ten kinds of SS mesh were used to mold surface texture on Invisalign material.
Materials and methods Sample preparation.
Conclusion The friction coefficient of aligner materials (thermoplastic, flat, and with texture made by SS mesh) was affected by the applied normal load.
Glyn-Jones and A.Harrison, The wear effects of selected composites on restorative materials and enamel, Dent Mater 3 (1987), 236-40
Shellhart, Perceived vs measured forces of interarch elastics, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 141 (2012), 298-306.

The Study on the Fatigue Test and Reliability for the Steel of Train Wheel Wen Qin Han1, a , Jin Yu Zhou1,b 1School of Material Engineering, Jiangsu Teacher’s University of Technology, Changzhou 213001 China ahwq1515@sina.com, byuhangyuan888@sina.com Keywords: Fatigue reliability; Train wheel; P-S-N curve; Fatigue test Abstract: To obtain fatigue design data of the train wheel steel , the fatigue tests were carried out for the steel of K type and B type train wheel separately, which fatigue limit was measured using the fluctuation method, the fatigue life of two kinds of wheel steels were tested using the grouping method at the three stress levels, two different materials and different structures have an influence on the fatigue properties of the wheels using reliability principle.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of jiangsu province (BK2011261). and the Young Science Foundation of Jiangsu Teacher’s University of Technology(KYY10046).
Journal of engineering design(In Chinesee),2009;16(6): 247-251
Journal of china railway science(In Chinesee), 2005 , 26 (6) : 6-12 [3] Chen lei.
Journal of southwest jiaotong university, 2006,41(6)：705-708 [4] V.Infantea，C.M.Braneoa.

Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol. 91 (2004) p. 3866-3870 [2] G.
Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Vol. 9 (2007) p. 2102-2109 [3] H.Y.
Materials Science Vol. 41 (2005) p. 265-270 [8] J.H.
Materials Letters Vol. 60 (2005) p. 746-749 [9] P.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol. 101. (2006) p. 1799-1805 [11] W.