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The models developed at present and surface modifications upon ion implantation have been experimentally substantiated for coarsegrained materials.
This allows us to use these materials as an alternative to the coarse-grained titanium alloys currently used for medical and technical purposes.
Ion implantation of the titanium materials was accomplished using the MEVVA-V.RU and Raduga-5 ion sources.
An increase in the modified layer thickness with decreasing grain size of the materials under study is revealed.
Ryabchikov, Effects of Long-Range Action in Ion-Implanted Metallic Materials, Izdatelstvo NTL, Tomsk, 2004 – 328 p.

Graphene (GN), a novel one-atom-thick two-dimensional (2D) graphitic material, is a rapidly rising star in the field of materials science [17].
For bulk carbon materials, environmental remediation is the most meaningful application and widely used [21].
Thus, FGN could be a good replacement for conventional adsorption materials.
Novoselov, The rise of graphene, Nature materials, 6(2007) 183-191
Frackowiak, Carbon materials for supercapacitor application, Phys Chem Chem Phys, 9(2007) 1774-1785

Such material can be dried out and safely utilised.
Materials For the fly ash treatment, a pure form of powdered tannin (tannic acid) by “Lach-Ner, s.r.o.” and Farmatan by “Tanin Sevnica d.d.”, which is a powder form of chestnut tannin plus sweeteners containing 75 % of tannin, were used.
As an auxiliary raw materials for AAC production the gypsum (CaSO4 . 2H2O ) was added to the mixture and very fine aluminium powder was used as a foaming agent.
Chemical composition of the key raw materials is shown in table 1.
Journal of Energy Engineering (2001), 27,37-50

However, this method is only suitable for the conducted materials and the reciprocating linear motion.
However, the related journal papers about the surface magnetization are very little over the past decades.
The other related papers main investigated the different characteristics of the magnetic materials [5] or the effects of additional magnetic fields on the directions of magnetic domains in the materials [6].
Specimen materials PVD / CVD TiN PVD SKD11-matrix CVD SKD11-matrix Vickers surface hardness, Hv 1800～2100 376 555 Experimental procedures.
Cullity, Introduction to magnetic materials, Addison-Wesley, 1972

That's why PCD is in heavy use as a cutting tool for hard to machine materials and as wear parts.
Grain sizes of the diamond material used are d=2, 5, 10 and 25µm.
It was also thought that C-EDG could achieve material removal of diamond itself as well as cobalt as shown in Fig.2(b).
This work was partly supported by Machine Tool Engineering Foundation and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)).
Suzuki, et al.: Journal of JSAT, vol.51, no.8 (2007) 471.

Otherwise, it will be a waste of human and material resources to work in no coal areas, and the promising target areas are omitted and produce artificial loss [1].
The change reflects the lateral discontinuity of deep crust materials.
References [1] Hesheng Jin, Liangwen Fu: Journal of Hunan University of Science & Technology Vol.1 (1985), p.4-10 (In Chinese) [2] Runliang Shi: Journal of Hunan University of Science & Technology Vol.1 (1985), p.41-42 (In Chinese) [3] Changhou Zhang, Aigen Chen, Zhida Bai: Geoscience Vol.11 (3) (1997), p.305-312 (In Chinese) [4] R.W.H.
Brown: Geological Society of America, Memoir Vol.171 (1988), p. 1- 25 [10] Bedrock Map of Henan Province (Early Cenozoic), edited by Geoscience Research Institute of Henan Provincal Bureau of Geology, Zhengzhou (1978), in press (In Chinese) [11] Zengqi Zhang, Yijiang Zhang, Shangkun Zhang, et al.: Shandong Land and Resources Vol. 24(1) (2008), p. 3-6 (In Chinese) [12] Regional Geological Chronicles: edited by Geological Publishing House, Beijing (1988), in press (In Chinese) [13] Ping Shen, Yuanchao Shen, Tiebing Liu: Earth Science Frontiers Vol. 18(3) (2011), p. 284-292 (In Chinese)

OH● is not selective so that if there is a material that is resistant to ozone, it will be oxidized by OH●[6].
GC-MS can also be used to assess the purity of biodiesel by identifying the presence of contaminants such as water, unwanted compounds, or other foreign materials.
Samsukumar et al., “Performance and Emission Analysis on C.I Engine with Palm Oil Biodiesel Blends at Different Fuel Injection Pressures,” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (An ISO, vol. 3297, 2007, doi: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2015.0404054
Eka Putra, “Plasma-Ozone Treatment of Air Supply on Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Publishing Ltd, Dec. 2021. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/927/1/012026
Kaliaguine, “Heterogeneous catalysis by tungsten-based heteropoly compounds,” Catalysis Science and Technology, vol. 8, no. 9.

The resulting solid materials were washed with ultra pure water and ethanol, and freeze-dried.
The shape of the solid materials was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The porosity of the solid materials was calculated using stereology and their density measured in a pycnometer.
Figure 2 shows SEM photographs of solid materials before and after heat treatment at 1300 °C.
Figure 3 shows SEM photographs of the heat-treated solid materials seen in Fig. 2, but sieved into a narrow size range of 25 ± 5 µm.

Investigation of Dynamic Recrystallization Phenomenon in Drawn Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Janu Ageng Nugroho1,a, Ghozali Suprobo1,b, Nokeun Park1,2,c* and Eung Ryul Baek1,d* 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Republic of South Korea 2Institute of Materials Technology, Yeungnam University, Republic of South Korea ajanuageng@ynu.ac.kr, bghozalisuprobo@ynu.ac.kr, cnokeun_park@yu.ac.kr, derbaek@yumail.ac.kr Keywords: titanium alloy; dynamic recrystallization; simulation; microstructure; hardness Abstract.
Therefore, this alloy favorable for industrial application materials in the airplane engine of Boeing 777 [1,11–14].
The die of the materials was employed WC (Tungsten Carbide) and reduction angle approximately 85.4º.
Wanhill, Aerospace Materials and Material Technologies, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2143-5
Logé, A review of dynamic recrystallization phenomena in metallic materials, Mater.

Generally speaking, in accordance with the materials, building structure systems can be divided into the masonry structure with the bulk (standard clay brick) as the main material and the structural system with concrete or steel as the main material.
The commonly strengthening methods to the engineering structures are enlarging section method, paste composite material, prestressing method, sticking steel, outsourcing steel method and so on.
Acknowledgements The research was strongly supported by natural science foundation of China (NSFC), scientific and technological project of Henan province, natural science foundation of Henan Province.
Zheng, The law of weibei mining subsidence area surface cracks in and rural resistance to deformation houses design and analysis, Journal of Xi'an Institute of Technology, 4 (2002) 249-255