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The study of fatigue crack growth shape under mode I constant amplitude loading Wenfeng Tu 1,a, Zengliang Gao2,b, Zhaoji Hu 1,c 1 College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China 2 College of mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China aemail:tuwenfeng@ncu.edu.cn, bemail: zlgao@zjut.edu.cn, cemail: zhjhu2005@163.com Keywords: Crack shape; Stress intensity factor; Through-thickness crack; Finite element analysis.
A data and numerical analysis of crack shape were conducted and the stress intensity factors (SIF) along crack front were calculated.
The 3-D nature of cracks resulted in that stress intensity factor (SIF) was related to the crack front and crack shape.
Small changes of crack shape brought great variations of SIF, so the crack growth rate and fatigue life were affected greatly [3].
Experimental procedure 16MnR steel adopted in the paper was used to study the multi-axial fatigue in an earlier publication [4] where the microstructures, chemical compositions, and the basic mechanical properties were summarized.

Mechanical properties of the sandwich composite are only marginally affected.
These results will influence the calculation of the mechanical properties.
The mechanical properties of the foam are highly density dependent.
The calculation of the mechanical properties of the sandwich composite is improved.
The mechanical properties of the CFRP and the aluminum foam are summarized in table 1.

The results showed that the micro structure, surface roughness, electrical properties, and optical properties were affected by the nitrogen doping.
The short-circuit current was 3 mA and the fill factor was 0.38.
Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) has been investigated recently [6-9] due to its unique combination of outstanding mechanical, electrical, optical, and chemical inertness properties, leading to developments of this metarials for operation at high temperature and in harsh environment which aimed at replacing Si and other metal elements.
However, it should be noticed here that a p-n junction and the doping level of diamond films are considered as the key factors for highly performance of these devices and should be controlled.
Electrical properties of NCD:N films on p-type Si substrate were measured using Van-der-Pauw method in the room temperature.

External factors, like excessive ultraviolet radiation (UV) from sun exposure and pollution, contribute to signs of skin aging or as known as photoaging, which is accompanied by various visible morphological changes and invisible physiological dysfunction [1,2].
RSV properties must be considered since this compound demonstrated low solubility (soluble in water only by 30 mg/L), chemically unstable, rapid degradation, and extensive metabolism, resulting in poor bioavailability [3,8-9].
This phenomenon causes a decrease in the mechanical energy for dispersion [15].
The authors recommend Formula 1, as the best formula, due to its good characteristics, physicochemical properties, and skin penetration profile in vivo.
Souto, “Evaluation of the influence of process parameters on the properties of resveratrol-loaded NLC using 22 full factorial design,” Antioxidants, vol. 8, no. 8, 2019

The main factors leading to the reduction of GTE service life are as follows: 1. dust erosion mainly affecting compressor blades; 2. corrosion; 3. high temperature oxidation mainly affecting the turbine blades and vanes of compressor last stages; 4. high temperature gas corrosion and erosion of combustion chamber components and turbine blades.
Each of these factors has varying degrees of impact on engine components intended for various purposes.
Stator blades are not exposed to considerable mechanical loads; therefore, the determining factors of stator blades are oxidation resistance and airfoil retention rather than high-temperature strength.
This property is one of the most important factors determining the heat resistance of a coating.
Leontieva Properties of materials. - M.: Mashinostroenie (1990) 527

Study on effect of viscoelastic properties on surface roughness uniformity in abrasive flow machining for plate surface Xuanping Wang1,*, Youzhi Fu2 and Hang Gao3 1,2,3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Rd, Dalian, PR China, 116024 1xpwang@dlut.edu.cn, 2fuyouzhi120@163.com, 3gaohang@dlut.edu.cn Keywords: Abrasive flow machining; Viscoelasticity; Material removal; Surface roughness Abstract.
It could be concluded that the viscoelastic properties of abrasive media play the dominant role for the inconsistent material removal in abrasive flow machining process.
Although the mechanism behind this phenomena is unknown, it's a well-accepted consensus that the viscoelastic properties of the AFM media play an important role.
In this paper, the viscoelastic properties of the abrasive media are incorporated to understand the mechanism of inconsistent material removal in the AFM process.
Table 1 Computational meshes for planar 4:1 contraction flow Nodes Elements Δxmin/H2 Δymin/H2 88369 174080 0.01563 0.01563 The contraction flow with different rheological parameters are studied by varing the values of Wi number, in order to explore the prominent factor which affects the consistency of material removal.

TiO2 nanosize particles have attracted significant interest of materials scientists and physicists due to their special properties and have attained a great importance in several technological applications such as photocatalysis, sensors, solar cells and memory devices.
TiO2 nanoparticles can be produced by a variety of techniques ranging from simple chemical to mechanical to vacuum methods, including many variants of physical and chemical vapour deposition techniques.
Factors affecting the sol-gel process include the reactivity of inorganic titanium salt, calcinations temperature, the influence of varying stirrer speeds on the formation of anatase particles, and the nature of hydrolytic solvent and peptisation reagent.
In addition, the performance measurement tool can also affect the DSSC performance measurement.

The effect of resin mould in terms of mechanical strength (flexural properties), porosity percentage and percentage of water absorption as well as moulding process were recorded and compared with previous studies of plaster mould.
The broken specimens from flexural test will then be used in Mercury Porosimeter test to determine the porosity properties of resin [15].
Figure 4: Flexural properties of porous resin.
Another significant factor for slip casting to occur is the present of porous mould.
Therefore, it can be clearly said that the heating process does not affect the water absorption properties of porous resin as compared with the plaster mould shown in previous studies.

It is in this regard that the present paper attempts to develop a quasi-brittle mechanical model to predict crack width of chloride contaminated concrete structures.
It is also partially due to the fact that the safety factors used in structural design for strength are usually larger than those for serviceability.
Once experimental results are produced, empirical models can be readily developed for corrosion induced concrete cracking based on mathematical regression, including both deterministic models and probabilistic models [4] .The factors that affect the corrosion induced cracking have also been studied in experiments.
For example, Alonso, Andrade, Rodriguez and Diez found that, in addition to concrete properties, the corrosion rate and cover depth to bar diameter ratio are critical factors [5].
They observed the corrosion affected reinforced concrete slabs with various physical properties and dimensions till surface cracking.

Establishment of micro aggregate model Inhomogeneity, discontinuity and discreteness of the concrete materials, randomness of material parameter distribution is one of the important factors affecting the concrete elastic modulus and strength.
The model assumes that concrete is a three-phase composite composed of cement mortar, aggregate, interfacial bond with the composition; while the composition of mechanical properties of meso element satisfies the Weibull distribution.
Random mechanical parameter In order to describe the heterogeneity of material properties of concrete, not only the distribution of aggregate particles should conform to the actual situation is random, the mechanical parameters of each materials should also have a certain randomness.
This paper assumes that the composition mechanical properties of meso element satisfies the Weibull distribution.
Material parameters are in line with the statistical distribution of these units, and randomness, could well reflect the concrete material properties.